This document outlines validation and calibration master plans. It discusses the objectives of validation including reducing risks and costs. It describes the contents and members involved in a validation master plan, which provides the framework for validation activities. It also discusses the calibration process, including defining calibrated equipment, classification, and verification. The calibration master plan establishes requirements for an effective calibration control program.

1. VALIDATION AND CALIBRATION
OF MASTER PLAN
By
B.Prinkha.
M.Pharm 1st year
Modern pharmaceutics

2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 OBJECTIVE OF VALIDATION
 VALIDATION MASTER PLAN
 INTRODUCTION
 MEMBERS OF VMP
 CONTENT OF VMP
 CALIBRATION MASTER PLAN
 INTRODUCTION
 CALIBRATION PROCESS
 TIME INTERVAL OF CALIBRATION
 MAINTAINANCE OF RECORDS
 LABELLING

3. INTRODUCTION
VALIDATION DEFINITION:
According to FDA:
“Establishing the documented evidence which provides a high degree of
assurance that a specific process will consistently produce a product of
predetermined specifications and quality attributes”.
QUALIFICATION DEFINITION:
“Documented evidence that premises, systems or equipment are able to achieve
the predetermined specifications properly installed, and/or work correctly and lead to
the expected results”.

4. QUALIFICATION OR VALIDATION?
A system/equipment/premises must be Qualified to operate/work in a Validated
process:
QUALIFY: A system and/or equipment
VALIDATE: A process
Example: Qualify an autoclave, whereas you Validate a Sterilization process.

5. OBJECTIVES OF VALIDATION
 To reduces risk of regulatory non-compliance.
 To reduce the time to the market for the new products.
 To eliminate the scrap & reduces the defect cost.
 To reduce chances of product re-call from market.
 To accelerate the final release of the product batch.
 It requires less in-process control & end process testing.
 Amplified release of batch can be achieved in validation.

6. VALIDATION MASTER PLAN
A document that provides information on
company’s validation program.
It should define the details and time scales for
validation work to be performed.
Responsibilities relating to the plan should be
stated.

7. VALIDATION MASTER PLAN(VMP)
 A Validation Master Plan, also referred to as "VMP", outlines the principles
involved in the qualification of a facility, defining the areas and systems to be
validated, and provides a written program for achieving and maintaining a
qualified facility.
 A VMP is the foundation for the validation program and should include process
validation, facility and utility qualification and validation, equipment
qualification, cleaning and computer validation.
 It is a key document in the GMP (Good manufacturing practice) regulated
pharmaceutical industry as it drives a structured approach to validation projects.
 Food and Drug Administration inspectors often look at VMPs during audits to see
whether or not a facility's validation strategy is well thought-out and organized.
 A VMP should have logical reasoning for including or excluding every system
associated with a validation project based on a risk assessment.

8. VALIDATION
VMP
Basic Risk Analysis
(BRA)
Detailed Risk Analysis(RA)
QUALIFICATION
VALIDATION OF
COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM
VALIDATION
DESIGN
QUALIFICATION(DQ)
INSTALLATION
QUALIFICATION(IQ)
OPERATIONAL
QUALIFICATION(OQ)
PERFORMANCE
QUALIFICATION(PQ)
PROCESS VALIDATION
CLEANING VALIDATION
ANALYTICAL METHODS
VALIDATION

9. MEMBERS OF VMP
 Validation manager(quality assurance department)
 Member from production
 Members of engineering
 Members from calibration lab
 Members from QC lab
 Members from maintenance
 Members from HVAC department
 Members from product development lab

10. CONTENT OF VMP
(FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED)
 Introduction
 Methodology
 Qualification
 Personnel
 Schedule
 Preventive maintenance
 Change control
 Procedure
 Documentation
 Appendices

11.  INTRODUCTION
 This section is written as an introduction to the validation process and the facility,
and it is intended to set the scene.
 The introduction of a VMP should include following details:-
• A description of facility, its premises and equipment, and its purpose
intension and scope of validation.
• Other relevant site policies and plans, like factory or corporate policy
statement on GMP, QA, etc.,.

12.  METHODOLOGY
 This section should address the predetermined requirements by identifying the
standards that are to be applied to the facility.
 These are then used in the development of the acceptance criteria that are used to
judge the validation
 It also involves planning and execution of documents such as, protocols, records,
reports, or other.
 The standard will involve three elements:
 Regulatory and guidance documents
 National standards
 Company standards

13.  QUALIFICATION
 This section encompasses all aspects of the design, procurement, installation, and
commissioning process.
 The important issue is to ensure that definitions in the organization and for a
specific project are consistent and cover all aspects of the validation process, and
that the validation structure and organization is clear to any inspection authority.

14. Qualification Purpose
Design
Qualification(DQ)
Design specifications to ensure that all specified design elements have
been included and that
• the design meets the relevant regulatory and statutory
requirements.
Installation
Qualification(IQ)
Verifies that
• the equipment/system/process is installed correctly
• supplied as specified
• integrated into the site calibration, maintenance systems and
available for use.
Operational
Qualification(OQ)
Verifies that
• the equipment/system/process is operating correctly,
• compliant with functionality requirements and
• integrated into the systems and QMS.
Performance
Qualification(PQ)
Verifies that
• the equipment/system/process is continuously meeting
performance criteria for routine use and
• performing adequately for routine use in commercial production.

15.  PERSONNEL
 The CFR 21 states “ Each person engaged in and each person responsible for
supervising the manufacture, processing, packaging or holding a drug product
shall have the education, training, and experience, or a combination thereof, to
enable that person to perform the assigned functions.”
 The VMP should lay down the principles for personnel requirements. It must
address the aspects like; experience of personnel (written biographies or CV), in-
house training reports, etc,.
 Documenting the training is essential and is a requisite of the GMPs.

16.  SCHEDULE
 This is the responsibility of Site maintenance and Operation department. This
activity should be performed during the design phase, and the documentation
required should be, included in the requisition.
 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
 The work program is essential and should be prepared at an early stage.
 A good plan will contain all the necessary features which are to be considered
during execution of a plan and determines the control of the project.
 It ensures that all the personnel involved in the VMP are not only aware of the
engineering targets, but also the validation targets.

17.  CHANGE CONTROL
 These cover engineering standards used in the project design, through to
commissioning phases, and the facilities standard procedures (SOPs).
 PROCEDURE
 This section of VMP should lay down requirements for a set of procedures for
change control that cover:
• The project through design, construction, and commissioning
• The ongoing change that will inevitably occur in both the process and the
equipment and engineering aspects.

18.  DOCUMENTATION
 The appendix is mostly used VMP to hold the information of type of documents
and formats that will be used in the execution stage.
 APPENDICES
 This section usually used to identify the documentation that should be produced
for the processing like;
• Engineering drawing
• Equipment supplier drawing and documents
• Factory acceptance documents
• IQ documents
• OQ documents
• PQ documents

19. CALIBRATION MASTER PLAN
INTRODUCTION
 “Automatic, mechanical, or electronic equipment or other types of equipment,
including computers, or related systems that will perform a function satisfactorily,
may be used in the manufacture, processing, packing, and holding of a drug
product. If such equipment is so used, it shall be routinely calibrated, inspected, or
checked according to a written program designed to assure proper performance.
Written records of those calibration checks and inspections shall be maintained.”
-US Code of Federal Regulations, 21 CFR 211.68

20. CALIBRATION DEFINITION:
 The process of comparing the response of some instrument or system to a standard
instrument or system over some measurement range.
 It is based on the comparison of a primary standard or instrument of known
accuracy with another equipment (to be calibrated).
 It is used to detect, correlate, report or eliminate by adjustment of any variation in
the accuracy of the equipment being calibrated.
CALIBRATION MASTER PLAN:
 CMP is defined as a leading document in defining the requirement necessary for
establishing and implementing an effective calibration control program.

21. CALIBRATION PROCESS
 Calibration process must be managed and executed in a professional manner.
 A particular place for all calibration operations to take place and keeping all
instruments for calibration.
 A separate room is preferred:
• Better environmental control
• Better protection against unauthorized handling or use of the calibration
equipment.
 The performance of all calibration operations is assigned as the clear
responsibility of just one person.
 Calibration procedures, used for quality control functions, are controlled by the
international standards ISO 9000.

22. CALIBRATION PROCESS
 MASTER INSTRUMENT LIST
• Serial Number
• Name of Instrument
• Location
• Accuracy Required
• Range of Measurement
• Calibration Done Date
• Due Date for Next Calibration
• Calibration Certificate Number & Date

23.  EQUIPMENT CLASSIFICATION
• Critical equipment:
 Direct measurement that affect the final product quality.
 Measurement on critical process parameters in the process specification
• Non critical equipment:
 Indirect measurement that will not directly affect the final product quality
 Shall be maintained based on company maintenance schedule

24.  VERIFICATION
• Applicable to equipment that cannot be calibrated (adjustment,
correlation, etc)
• Verification against measurement standard with correction factor
documented
• Actual reporting of result shall include the correction factor
• Temperature correction factor “- 2℃”.
 Measured value: 24℃
 Reported value = 24℃ –2℃= 22℃

25.  OUT OF CALIBRATION
• Remove equipment from use
• Out of Calibration Investigation to be carried out to determine the source of
inaccuracy
• Evaluate the impact of OOC result on the final product quality and other
previously measured data
• All investigation findings should be documented.

26.  CALIBRATION CERTIFICATE
• Name and address of contracted calibration laboratory
• Name and address of client
• Description and identification of item calibrated
• Environment conditions when calibration was made
• Date of receipt of instrument, date of calibration date of next calibration
• Calibration method
• Result of calibration
• Signature and title of person responsible for the calibration
• External calibration contract shall be awarded to Accredited by the nation
institution

27. TIME INTERVAL OF CALIBRATION
Depending on:
 Classification of Critical or non-critical
Usage (light or heavy usage)
Handling (light or heavy handling)
 Manufacturer’s recommendation
 Reference to NIST or accreditation body guideline for a specific
measurement system

28. MAINTANANCE OF RECORD OF CALIBRATION
 Records will be maintained for all the calibrations done
 It should be according to the cGMP
 The individual calibration history files will be prepared and maintained for each
instrument
 The records will be maintained and stored in the metrology or QA department

29. LABELLING
 All calibrated equipment's are labelled or coded to indicate its status
 Labels should be design and made of material suitable to working environment
 Following declarations are to be made after calibration
 “calibrated”
 “calibration required”
 The label should contain
 Date of last calibration
 Date of recalibration
 Person responsible for calibration
 Calibration certificate number.