This document describes a study that implemented a control unit using a SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system for a filling system. The control unit was designed to control hardware components like motors and sensors for the filling process. Microcontrollers and control circuits were used to interface between the SCADA software on a computer and the hardware processing. The implementation included designing control circuits for water level control, motor driving, and sensor interfacing. Experimental results demonstrated the constructed control unit, filling process hardware, and overall SCADA control system monitoring the filling process from a computer.
PLC Based Automatic Bottle Filling and Capping Systemijtsrd
Filling is the task that is carried out by a machine and this process is widely used in many industries that produce such as milk industries, chemical, food, mineral water and many industrial manufactures. The objective of this paper is to design, develop and monitor "Bottle filling and capping with PLC". This work provides with a lot of benefits like low power consumption, low operational cost, less maintenance, accuracy and many more. A prototype has been developed to illustrate the system. In this paper, the filling of the bottle is controlled by using a controller known as Programmable Logic Controller PLC which is also the heart of the entire system. For the conveyor system, a DC motor has been selected for better performance and ease of operation. Proximity sensors have been used to detect the position of the bottle. Ladder logic has been used for the programming of the PLC, which is the most widely used and accepted language for the programming of the PLC. Zar Kyi Win | Tin Tin Nwe "PLC Based Automatic Bottle Filling and Capping System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28114.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/28114/plc-based-automatic-bottle-filling-and-capping-system/zar-kyi-win
Simulation of Automatic Water Level Control System by using Programmable Logi...ijtsrd
This research focuses on the design and implementation of a PLC based water level control system. In this research, there are three primary objectives the water level indicator circuit design, manual control system of water level control and the PLC based automatic water level control. Float switches cannot be able to use to indicate the multi water level in the desired control system. Therefore, AND gate based digital electronic water sensor is invented and used in this proposed not only manual water level control but also PLC based automatic water level control by dividing in eight steps. Induction motor is used to drive the pump as a one set package. So, induction motor starting method is selected according to the power rating of motor, type of motor and nature of application. Star delta starting method is used to reduce the starting current of induction motor. For PLC based automatic water level control, Siemens S7 1200 PLC is used to control the desire water level. There are 10 inputs and 10 outputs in the proposed automatic water level control. Ladder diagram programming is used for this control. Mrs Yin Yin Mon | Mrs Win Moet Moet Htwe | Mrs Khin Ei Ei Khine ""Simulation of Automatic Water Level Control System by using Programmable Logic Controller"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25172.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/25172/simulation-of-automatic-water-level-control-system-by-using-programmable-logic-controller/mrs-yin-yin-mon
Automatic liquid filling and mixing process using PLCAMIT KUMAR SINGH
In this project, a discussion about Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) application will be explained in more details and specified. This project deals with filling and mixing of different colour liquids or chemicals in bottles/ container using PLC by the application of selector switch. System is fully controlled by Bosch Rexroth IndraLogic PLC. This prototype is used in
1. Pharmaceutical Industry
2. Paint Industry
3. Food Processing Industry etc....
Automatic liquid filling and mixing process using PLCAMIT KUMAR SINGH
In this project, a discussion about Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) application will be explained in more details and specified. This project deals with filling and mixing of different colour liquids or chemicals in bottles/ container using PLC by the application of selector switch. System is fully controlled by Bosch Rexroth IndraLogic PLC. This prototype is used in
1. Pharmaceutical Industry
2. Paint Industry
3. Food Processing Industry etc....
Controlling the Filling and Capping Operation of a Bottling Plant using PLC a...ijeei-iaes
This paper presents basic stages of operation of a bottling plant, i.e. the filling and capping process. The main aim of our paper is to control the filling and capping section of a bottling plant simultaneously. At first a set of empty bottle is run by using a conveyer towards filling section, after the operation, the filled bottles are sent towards the capping section. After successful capping operation, the sealed bottles terminate towards exit and a new set of empty bottle arrive, in this way the process continues. This paper includes the method using which, a bunch of bottles can be filled and capped at one instant of time. This method has made the operation more flexible and time saving. The filling and capping operations are controlled using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), as the PLC’s are very much user-efficient, cost-effective and easy to control. By using PLC automation the whole process is kept under control. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is used to monitor the process by means of a display system.
A presentation on the topic Automatic Bottling System using Arduino 2560 Mega Micro Controller for small scale industry based bottle filling applications.
PLC Based Automatic Bottle Filling and Capping Systemijtsrd
Filling is the task that is carried out by a machine and this process is widely used in many industries that produce such as milk industries, chemical, food, mineral water and many industrial manufactures. The objective of this paper is to design, develop and monitor "Bottle filling and capping with PLC". This work provides with a lot of benefits like low power consumption, low operational cost, less maintenance, accuracy and many more. A prototype has been developed to illustrate the system. In this paper, the filling of the bottle is controlled by using a controller known as Programmable Logic Controller PLC which is also the heart of the entire system. For the conveyor system, a DC motor has been selected for better performance and ease of operation. Proximity sensors have been used to detect the position of the bottle. Ladder logic has been used for the programming of the PLC, which is the most widely used and accepted language for the programming of the PLC. Zar Kyi Win | Tin Tin Nwe "PLC Based Automatic Bottle Filling and Capping System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28114.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/28114/plc-based-automatic-bottle-filling-and-capping-system/zar-kyi-win
Simulation of Automatic Water Level Control System by using Programmable Logi...ijtsrd
This research focuses on the design and implementation of a PLC based water level control system. In this research, there are three primary objectives the water level indicator circuit design, manual control system of water level control and the PLC based automatic water level control. Float switches cannot be able to use to indicate the multi water level in the desired control system. Therefore, AND gate based digital electronic water sensor is invented and used in this proposed not only manual water level control but also PLC based automatic water level control by dividing in eight steps. Induction motor is used to drive the pump as a one set package. So, induction motor starting method is selected according to the power rating of motor, type of motor and nature of application. Star delta starting method is used to reduce the starting current of induction motor. For PLC based automatic water level control, Siemens S7 1200 PLC is used to control the desire water level. There are 10 inputs and 10 outputs in the proposed automatic water level control. Ladder diagram programming is used for this control. Mrs Yin Yin Mon | Mrs Win Moet Moet Htwe | Mrs Khin Ei Ei Khine ""Simulation of Automatic Water Level Control System by using Programmable Logic Controller"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25172.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/25172/simulation-of-automatic-water-level-control-system-by-using-programmable-logic-controller/mrs-yin-yin-mon
Automatic liquid filling and mixing process using PLCAMIT KUMAR SINGH
In this project, a discussion about Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) application will be explained in more details and specified. This project deals with filling and mixing of different colour liquids or chemicals in bottles/ container using PLC by the application of selector switch. System is fully controlled by Bosch Rexroth IndraLogic PLC. This prototype is used in
1. Pharmaceutical Industry
2. Paint Industry
3. Food Processing Industry etc....
Automatic liquid filling and mixing process using PLCAMIT KUMAR SINGH
In this project, a discussion about Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) application will be explained in more details and specified. This project deals with filling and mixing of different colour liquids or chemicals in bottles/ container using PLC by the application of selector switch. System is fully controlled by Bosch Rexroth IndraLogic PLC. This prototype is used in
1. Pharmaceutical Industry
2. Paint Industry
3. Food Processing Industry etc....
Controlling the Filling and Capping Operation of a Bottling Plant using PLC a...ijeei-iaes
This paper presents basic stages of operation of a bottling plant, i.e. the filling and capping process. The main aim of our paper is to control the filling and capping section of a bottling plant simultaneously. At first a set of empty bottle is run by using a conveyer towards filling section, after the operation, the filled bottles are sent towards the capping section. After successful capping operation, the sealed bottles terminate towards exit and a new set of empty bottle arrive, in this way the process continues. This paper includes the method using which, a bunch of bottles can be filled and capped at one instant of time. This method has made the operation more flexible and time saving. The filling and capping operations are controlled using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), as the PLC’s are very much user-efficient, cost-effective and easy to control. By using PLC automation the whole process is kept under control. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is used to monitor the process by means of a display system.
A presentation on the topic Automatic Bottling System using Arduino 2560 Mega Micro Controller for small scale industry based bottle filling applications.
Plc based Robotic Arm and Automated Different Size Bottle Filling SystemRehan Fazal
Well this was going to be our final year project but it got rejected after being accepted by panel members in zeroth review by our HOD mam.
If u want to do this project or use the idea of this project seriously after getting all your formalities done, you can contact me. I will help you in getting all your IEEE papers and relevant papers to this project.
The reason behind sharing this is that I spend my whole one semester for studying theory part of it, and i was unable to do this but i really want someone to do this project.
The aim of this project is to design a micro-controller Based automatic bottle filling system that sense the presence of bottle and fills it accordingly up to a fixed level.
This is one of the (Classical control) application in industrial processes.
It is Semi-Automatic Volumetric Liquid Filling Machine.
It is widely used for milk filling, oil filling, ointment filling, shampoo filling, juice filling, perfume
filling, food product filling – in Jar, Can, Vial, Bottle, Tub & any Containers.
The most important aspect of any color industry mixing which is main part which is controlled using PLC. The method that has to be used relies on varied objectives like superior quality, increased efficiency, high profit and other such points depending upon the purpose of the company that implies it. With the prime objective of catering to these necessities and the needs of the industrial sector, significance has been given here to automation.
(1).This presentation focuses on significant role & rapid growth of sensors, control systems and automation technologies such as Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) & LABVIEW.
(2).This project replaces the conventional relay, switches and other conventional devices with a virtual
programming-based PLC controller.
(3).This new system will create a new era in the field of Process Automation & Moreover, from a technical point of view, it is clearly visible from the results that liquid level, mixing and heating of system greatly reduces the time, money and cost.
(4).The experimental investigations in LABVIEW show that the new system developed would be highly flexible and easy in controlling the level.
(5).Nevertheless, during manufacturing of any product heating, mixing of chemicals and level control are most critical parameters in the industrial processes; and all these parameters are successfully controlled using LABVIEW enabled computer control system.
The project is based upon closed loop control system.
A Closed-loop Control System, also known as a feedback control system is a control system which uses the concept of an open loop system as its forward path but has one or more feedback loops (hence its name) or paths between its output and its input.
The reference to “feedback”, simply means that some portion of the output is returned “back” to the input to form part of the systems excitation.
Santa Barbara Hills Park is one of the large scale Resort Investments in Cyprus now, with Total Land Area of: 596,110sq.m of which 500,000sq.m is a Residential Area.
Developed ‘on-brief’ within the strategic growth plans for large scale Development projects in Cyprus, Santa Barbara Hills Park is in the top 10 largest project Resorts underway on the island, been the first mixed use development.
Location:
Agia Varvara village Paphos
10 km from the Airport
7 km from Timi sandy beach
57 km from Limassol Marina
The Resort will include:
•5* Hotel Resort: 170 rooms (CTO approval available). Plot area: 38,767m² (221 Luxury 2 b/r Suites/ Townhouses/Villas next to the Hotel for sale or rent)
•Sports Centre and Multi-Theme Park and other facilities. Plot area: 50,248m²
•Rehabilitation Center, Geriatric Care and Monitoring : Up to 400 twin rooms. Plot area: 25,201m²
•Residential Development: 1,000 Properties for Sale. Plot area: 378,648m²
•Available Town Planning Permit for Land Division
•Available Town Planning Permit for phase A
CONCEPT
Santa Barbara Hills Park is based on multiple pillars of development, which all creates a wealth of high-quality services, that satisfy all the interests of visitors and investors such as: 1. Holiday /Permanent Residence
2. Entertainment
3. Shopping
4. Training
5. Education
6. Medical Care
7. Environment
8. Security
9. High standard of living
10.Safe Investment
Santa Barbara Hills Park will not be a highly seasonal resort development, the aim is to have a proportion of permanent residents, year-round commerce and provide the hub for local and regional recreation – affording investors an ideal opportunity to capitalise their investment from many different markets.
These new PeyiaVillas are located on a
hilltop in the renowned Pegia area, Near
Coral Bay and the sandy beach. All villas
are carefully designed to inspire the true
essence of the Mediterranean region.
These villas consist of 3 bedrooms 2
Bathrooms and 2 communal swimming
pools, with uninterrupted spectacular
views of the Mediterranean Sea.
Pegia Villas is a New Development that
comprises 8 finished sold houses and 27 three
Bedroom villas of various Plot sizes.
All villas are carefully designed to inspire the
true essence of the Mediterranean region. These
villas consist of a 3 bedrooms 2 Bathrooms with
2 communal swimming pools, with
uninterrupted spectacular views of the
Mediterranean Sea.
The Development is located on a hilltop in the
renowned Pegia area, Near Coral Bay and the
sandy beach. It is a walking distance to all the
facilities, the square of Pegia and only 5 minutes
drive to Coral Bay Beach. Paphos harbour and
Town is about 15 minutes drive by car, taxi or
any Bus routes accessible every 30 minutes.
Plc based Robotic Arm and Automated Different Size Bottle Filling SystemRehan Fazal
Well this was going to be our final year project but it got rejected after being accepted by panel members in zeroth review by our HOD mam.
If u want to do this project or use the idea of this project seriously after getting all your formalities done, you can contact me. I will help you in getting all your IEEE papers and relevant papers to this project.
The reason behind sharing this is that I spend my whole one semester for studying theory part of it, and i was unable to do this but i really want someone to do this project.
The aim of this project is to design a micro-controller Based automatic bottle filling system that sense the presence of bottle and fills it accordingly up to a fixed level.
This is one of the (Classical control) application in industrial processes.
It is Semi-Automatic Volumetric Liquid Filling Machine.
It is widely used for milk filling, oil filling, ointment filling, shampoo filling, juice filling, perfume
filling, food product filling – in Jar, Can, Vial, Bottle, Tub & any Containers.
The most important aspect of any color industry mixing which is main part which is controlled using PLC. The method that has to be used relies on varied objectives like superior quality, increased efficiency, high profit and other such points depending upon the purpose of the company that implies it. With the prime objective of catering to these necessities and the needs of the industrial sector, significance has been given here to automation.
(1).This presentation focuses on significant role & rapid growth of sensors, control systems and automation technologies such as Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) & LABVIEW.
(2).This project replaces the conventional relay, switches and other conventional devices with a virtual
programming-based PLC controller.
(3).This new system will create a new era in the field of Process Automation & Moreover, from a technical point of view, it is clearly visible from the results that liquid level, mixing and heating of system greatly reduces the time, money and cost.
(4).The experimental investigations in LABVIEW show that the new system developed would be highly flexible and easy in controlling the level.
(5).Nevertheless, during manufacturing of any product heating, mixing of chemicals and level control are most critical parameters in the industrial processes; and all these parameters are successfully controlled using LABVIEW enabled computer control system.
The project is based upon closed loop control system.
A Closed-loop Control System, also known as a feedback control system is a control system which uses the concept of an open loop system as its forward path but has one or more feedback loops (hence its name) or paths between its output and its input.
The reference to “feedback”, simply means that some portion of the output is returned “back” to the input to form part of the systems excitation.
Santa Barbara Hills Park is one of the large scale Resort Investments in Cyprus now, with Total Land Area of: 596,110sq.m of which 500,000sq.m is a Residential Area.
Developed ‘on-brief’ within the strategic growth plans for large scale Development projects in Cyprus, Santa Barbara Hills Park is in the top 10 largest project Resorts underway on the island, been the first mixed use development.
Location:
Agia Varvara village Paphos
10 km from the Airport
7 km from Timi sandy beach
57 km from Limassol Marina
The Resort will include:
•5* Hotel Resort: 170 rooms (CTO approval available). Plot area: 38,767m² (221 Luxury 2 b/r Suites/ Townhouses/Villas next to the Hotel for sale or rent)
•Sports Centre and Multi-Theme Park and other facilities. Plot area: 50,248m²
•Rehabilitation Center, Geriatric Care and Monitoring : Up to 400 twin rooms. Plot area: 25,201m²
•Residential Development: 1,000 Properties for Sale. Plot area: 378,648m²
•Available Town Planning Permit for Land Division
•Available Town Planning Permit for phase A
CONCEPT
Santa Barbara Hills Park is based on multiple pillars of development, which all creates a wealth of high-quality services, that satisfy all the interests of visitors and investors such as: 1. Holiday /Permanent Residence
2. Entertainment
3. Shopping
4. Training
5. Education
6. Medical Care
7. Environment
8. Security
9. High standard of living
10.Safe Investment
Santa Barbara Hills Park will not be a highly seasonal resort development, the aim is to have a proportion of permanent residents, year-round commerce and provide the hub for local and regional recreation – affording investors an ideal opportunity to capitalise their investment from many different markets.
These new PeyiaVillas are located on a
hilltop in the renowned Pegia area, Near
Coral Bay and the sandy beach. All villas
are carefully designed to inspire the true
essence of the Mediterranean region.
These villas consist of 3 bedrooms 2
Bathrooms and 2 communal swimming
pools, with uninterrupted spectacular
views of the Mediterranean Sea.
Pegia Villas is a New Development that
comprises 8 finished sold houses and 27 three
Bedroom villas of various Plot sizes.
All villas are carefully designed to inspire the
true essence of the Mediterranean region. These
villas consist of a 3 bedrooms 2 Bathrooms with
2 communal swimming pools, with
uninterrupted spectacular views of the
Mediterranean Sea.
The Development is located on a hilltop in the
renowned Pegia area, Near Coral Bay and the
sandy beach. It is a walking distance to all the
facilities, the square of Pegia and only 5 minutes
drive to Coral Bay Beach. Paphos harbour and
Town is about 15 minutes drive by car, taxi or
any Bus routes accessible every 30 minutes.
Cyprus Large Scale Investment
Mare Monte Resort is a Unique Specialized Eco Development Resort in an area of exceptional natural beauty and is Located in Neo Chorio Paphos with an area of exceptional natural beauty (Akamas Peninsula), including Retirement & Assisted living, Health & Wellness facilities and Environment & Cultural exhibits aiming to create an autonomous and sustainable development.
The development covers an area of 183,617m2 under a single ownership.
CONSEPT
Modern design parameters, techniques and technological methods and materials will be introduced, with the scope of implementing an ecological and sustainable Project, which will deal successfully and innovatively with the following issues:
•Management of water resources
•Minimisation of volume of waste water and sewage
•Savings in electrical energy use
•Minimisation of sound pollution
•Minimisation of heat loss and savings in energy
•Full utilization and exploitation of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal and biomass
Our Master Plan covers the following:
• Geriatric Clinic - 200 Rooms
Retirement & Assisted Living Resort up to 350 people
Health & Wellness facilities (Physiotherapy, Indoor Heated Pool, Jacuzzi, Sauna, Gym)
Small traditional square with cultural exhibits
Traditional and ecological restaurant
Other leisure and entertainment facilities
• Sport Center
• Work Culture and Enviroment
• Solar Park & Water Waste Treatment Station 50.504m2
• 5* Hotel Resort – 300 Rooms 49.499m2
State of the art SPA & Gym
Gourmet dining options
Rooftop glass enclosed swimming pool for all year use
Landscaped gardens
Shuttle bus service to the beach
Shopping Facilities
• Residential Development 70 Suites next to the hotel (Studio 1 & 2 Bedroom)
40 Luxury Villas 30 Semi – detached Houses Total Land: 83.614m2
70 Suites next to the hotel (Studio 1 & 2 Bedroom)
40 Luxury Villas
30 Semi – detached Houses
The Residential Development will feature traditional architecture at the exterior and contemporary design interior.
All home owners will benefit from the range of facilities the Hotel Resort has to offer
PRIVILEGED LOCATION AREAS OF INTEREST
Latchi Fishing Village
Marina
Organized Beaches
Shops, Restaurants and Amenities
Only 4 km from the Development
Polis Chrysochous village
Archeological Museum
Shops, Restaurants and Amenities
Only 4.5 km from the Development
Anassa 5* Luxury Hotel
Luxury housing projects
Only 4 km from the Development
Akamas National Park Peninsula
Lara Turtle Beach
Baths of Aphrodite
Laona Wine Villages
Akamas camping site
Forested natural trails
Deserted Beaches
From 0 to 15 km from the Development
Antud Alias on kooliteemaline sõnaseletusmäng, mida saab kasutada nt. klassiõhtutel või teistel üritustel, kus osalevad kooliõpilased ja/või pedagoogid.
ESR Stat Plus is a second-generation sed rate blood analyzer manufactured by HemaTechnologies. The instrument can produce three sed rates in five minutes, using only 25 microliters of blood per sample. HemaTechnologies donated an ESR Stat Plus and other supplies to the Whitney Clinic in Haiti soon after it opened its doors. This donation allows the clinic to run quality laboratory blood tests and improve basic care for patients.
Embedded fuzzy controller for water level control IJECEIAES
This article presents the design of a fuzzy controller embedded in a microcontroller aimed at implementing a low-cost, modular process control system. The fuzzy system's construction is based on a classical proportional and derivative controller, where inputs of error and its derivate depend on the difference between the desired setpoint and the actual level; the goal is to control the water level of coupled tanks. The process is oriented to control based on the knowledge that facilitates the adjustment of the output variable without complex mathematical modeling. In different response tests of the fuzzy controller, a maximum over-impulse greater than 8% or a steady-state error greater than 2.1% was not evidenced when varying the setpoint.
This book covers the details of Soil moisture control system, Web based SCADA System, Automated Meter reading ,GPRS based asset tracking system and LiFi based Navigation and many more .
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Tank liquid level control using narma l2 and mpc controllersMustefa Jibril
Liquid level control is highly important in industrial applications such as boilers in nuclear power plants.
In this paper a simple liquid level tank is designed based on NARMA-L2 and Model Predictive control controllers.
The simple water level tank has one input, liquid flow inn and one output, liquid level. The proposed controllers is
compared in MATLAB and then simulated in Simulink to test how the system actual liquid level track the desired
liquid level with two input desired signals (step and white noise). The response of the NARMA-L2 controller is then
compared with a MPC controller. The results are shown sequentially and the effectiveness of the controller is
illustrated
Reviews of Cascade Control of Dc Motor with Advance Controllerijsrd.com
The proportional- integral-derivative (PID) control is the most used algorithm to regulate the armature current and speed of cascade Control system in motor drives. The controller uses two PID controllers. One PI controller is for speed control and second PID controller for current control in cascade structure. Inner loop is for the current control which is faster than the outer loop. Outer loop is for speed control. The output of the encoder is compared with a preset reference speed. The output of the PI controller is summed and is given as the input to the current controller.
Moisture control project is uses full and interesting project. It can help to farmer. It is consist of BJT, Resisters, Capacitors, I C etc. Moisture control device will be completed by four sections. The basis of operation for this system is the Over – watering and under watering both are harmful for plants. Roots need air as well as water. If the soil is constantly saturated, air cannot reach the roots and they suffocate. Also, excess water weakens the plant and makes it susceptible to various diseases, particularly fungal attacks, under watering on the other hand, is equally harmful, plants not receiving enough water droop from the top down and leaf edge turn brown. Moisture monitor provides a solution to the above problem by monitoring the moisture level of the soil and producing an audio – visual alert when the moisture goes below a preset level, indicating that the plant needs to be watered.
Real time parameter estimation for power quality control and intelligent prot...EG TECHNOLOGIES
Real time parameter estimation for power quality control and intelligent protection of grid--Any details EG TECHNOLOGIES, ERODE,COIMBATORE, CHENNAI, SALEM, TIRUCHENGODE. call: 98422 38186.
Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PLC and SCADA SystemIJERA Editor
Automation or automatic control is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as
machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat-treating ovens, switching in telephone networks, steering and
stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. Some
processes have been completely automated. The motor speed is controlled via the driver as an open loop control.
To make a more precise closed loop control of motor speed we will use a tachometer to measure the speed and
feed it back to the PLC, which compares to the desired value and take a control action, then the signal is
transferred to the motor – via driver – to increase / decrease the speed. We will measure the speed of the motor
using an incremental rotary encoder by adjusting parameters (PLC, driver) and also we need to reduce the
overall cost of the system. Our control system will be held using the available Siemens PLC. In addition, we will
monitor motor parameters via SCADA system.
Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PLC and SCADA SystemIJERA Editor
Automation or automatic control is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as
machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat-treating ovens, switching in telephone networks, steering and
stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. Some
processes have been completely automated. The motor speed is controlled via the driver as an open loop control.
To make a more precise closed loop control of motor speed we will use a tachometer to measure the speed and
feed it back to the PLC, which compares to the desired value and take a control action, then the signal is
transferred to the motor – via driver – to increase / decrease the speed. We will measure the speed of the motor
using an incremental rotary encoder by adjusting parameters (PLC, driver) and also we need to reduce the
overall cost of the system. Our control system will be held using the available Siemens PLC. In addition, we will
monitor motor parameters via SCADA system.
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The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
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A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
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Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
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Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
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Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
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V46 13
1. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 46 2008
Implementation of Control Unit using SCADA
System for Filling System
Aung Naing Myint, Hla Soe, Theingi, and Win Khaing Moe
used because it is difficult to get the PLC hardware
Abstract—Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) component. So, it will use PIC 16E877A instead of PLC
system was being used in industries to control easily and simply. It is hardware and parallel port as interface communication.
a computer control and a software application. This paper describes
implementation of control unit to control the filling system with
modeling design. It aims a manufacturing system using SCADA
control system. It has been designed to work on the computer for the
process. The main purpose of this paper is to implement the hardware
components for the filling process and to interface between master
station and control unit for controlling the data. Microcontroller and
control circuits have been used for control unit. This paper will
support manufacturing systems to be easy, simple and accurate.
Keywords—SCADA System, Control Unit, Manufacturing Fig. 1 SCADA system for filling system
system, Motor driver, Microcontroller and Filling process.
II. ANALYSIS OF CONTROL UNIT
I. INTRODUCTION This system is two sections in filling process- one is control
T HIS paper implements the filling operation of pure
drinking water plant, and this can be use other systems of
various industries. It includes about how SCADA systems use
process of the water level in the tank. This control section will
make only the water level. When the water level reaches at the
upper level, the pumping motor is OFF from the running
in the industry. So, it includes SCADA components and mode. On the other hand, it is ON when the water level is at
protocols of the system. And it uses the facts that include how the lower level. Second is the operation of the filling process.
interface and monitor the process. It is mainly implemented Firstly, the position sensor will sense the bottles to fill the
water whether the specified position on the conveyor or not. If
SCADA software to apply for the control and monitoring
the bottle reaches at this position, the filling motor will be
between hardware processing and computer. It applies
operated. Then, the counter motor will be operated when the
interfacing sever protocol when needed between the SCADA
bottles reach at the counter sensor to push on the second
software and the hardware process. Filling process designs the conveyor and count the number of the bottles to pack when
model with nearly hardware devices. It uses dc motor drivers, there are ten bottles. If the bottles have not only at the position
sensing drivers, Programmable Interface Controller (PIC) sensor but also at the counter sensor, it will operate the
microcontroller device and parallel port communication. counter motor to drive the second conveyor motor after the
So, a typical SCADA control system consists of one or position sensor has operated to drive the filling motor. If the
more remote terminal units (RTU or PLCs) connected to a counter has ten bottles, the counter will reset. The overview
variety of sensors and actuators, and relaying information to a block diagram of this project is shown in Fig. 2.
master station. Fig.1 shows the control system of filling
process using SCADA. According to SCADA control system,
the hardware components of the filling process are
implemented and interfaced between the microcontroller and
master station. In this project, the control unit will be used for
filling process. But, the four main components will not be
Manuscript received August 9, 2008. This work was supported in part by
the Department of Mechatronic Engineering.
Aung Naing Myint is with Department of Mechatronic Engineering,
Mandalay Technological University, Mandalay, Myanmar (phone:
092031474,095-06121995; fax:095-0238618; e-mail: anm2006@gmail.com).
Hla Soe is with Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Technological
University (Hmawbi), Yangon (e-mail: hs2006@gmail.com). Fig. 2 Overall block diagram of control unit
Theingi and U Win Khaing Moe are with DTVE and MSTRD, Yangon (e-
mail: most19@myanmar.com.mm).
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2. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 46 2008
III. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SYSTEM
The hardware implementation, design consideration and
control circuit will be described. In the complete circuit
diagram of the filling process, there will be power supply unit,
microcontroller to supervise and control data from the
hardware and personal computer, light sensor drive circuit to
sense the position of the bottles, filling pump drive circuits to
fill the water to the tank and the bottle and conveyor motor
drive circuit to operate the conveyor motor. By changing the
value of resistors, the output DV voltage can get between
6.2V and 12.4V. But the value of resistors should not less than Fig. 4 Circuit diagram of a comparator
1K. The input DC voltage must be greater or equal 2V than
the output DC voltage. And then, these voltages are applied The comparator output switches back to the maximum
to the TIP3055 to be stable the output of the motors. negative level and the cycle repeats. The comparator produces
The output voltage, Vout = 12.4V a square-wave output. The output amplitude of the square
The minimum input voltage is greater than the output wave is set by the output swing of the comparator, and the
voltage plus 2.5V. The voltage-follower using LM324 in the resistors R1 and R2 set the amplitude of the triangular output
control circuit is used to generate a voltage current which is by establishing the UPT and LPT voltages. Where, the
used as a virtual ground for the oscillator. This is necessary to comparator output levels, +Vmax and –Vmaxare equal. In Fig. 5,
allow the oscillator to run off a single supply instead of a +/- IRF521 N channel power MOSFET driver is the power
voltage dual supply. For triangular-wave oscillator, reference switch. When the driver is ON, it provides a ground path for
voltage is half of supply voltage. For the voltage follower, the the motor and when it is OFF the motor’s ground is floating.
open loop circuit gain is 1. In this project, when Vref =Vout =
6V, supply voltage is +12V and to get Vref = 6V, Thus, R1 =
R2. Therefore, to get Vref = 6V, R1=R2 =100K is chosen for the
voltage follower. To operate the PWM circuit requires a
steadily running oscillator. Two LM324 op-amps form a
square/triangle waveform generator.
Triangular-wave oscillator utilizes an op-amp comparator to
perform the switching, as shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 MOSFET driver for power switching circuit
For this MOSFET circuit, supply voltage, VDD = 12V, Vi= +
5.64V, Ri = 1K. The red LED is used simply for convenience,
to simulate a DC motor for easy verification of circuit
operation. In this project, transistor C945 switching circuit is
used to operate the water pump DC motor. When the water
level reaches at the upper level, the microcontroller will close
Fig. 3 Circuit diagram of triangular-wave oscillator the switch because of the water level control circuit ground is
floating. The circuit diagram of pump motor drive circuit is
The peak value of the triangular wave is established by the shown in Fig. 6.
ratio of resistors R2 by R3 and the saturation voltages. The
frequency of both waveforms depends on the R3C time
constant as well as the amplitude setting resistors, R1 and R2. It
has chosen R3=100K (standard value). A comparator
generates the variable pulse width. Pin 6 of the comparator
receives a variable voltage from the pulse-width control
circuit (potentiometer).
In Fig. 4, this compared to the triangular waveform from
Pin 14 of the oscillator. By varying the voltage of Pin 6, the
on/off points are moved up and down the triangular wave, Fig. 6 Circuit diagram of pump motor drive
producing a variable pulse width. The frequency values may
be varied to change the behavior of the potentiometer. In Fig. 7, this uses to know the position of the bottles from
the microcontroller. The output waveform of the circuit is low
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3. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 46 2008
pulse signal. To generate this waveform, the two switching And, pin 33 and 34 are also used as a filling motor and a
transistors are used to get the required input for pump motor because the conditions of rotating and stopping
microcontroller. When the bottle reaches in the light of the for the motors is wanted to monitor on the computer. Then,
LED, the resistance of the LDR will be taken 1MΩ. the output signals of conveyor motor and pushed motor are
sent by pin 35 and 36 to the computer.
And then, port D is also used as the input signal pins in this
project. Although there are 8-bits in ports, only six pins are
used namely from pin 19 to 22 and, pin 27 and 28. These pins
are used as upper level sensor, lower level senor, position
senor, another position sensor and emergency signal. Pin 28 is
also used through the OR gate for a start/stop signal. So,
starting and stopping state for process can be made either
manual or from computer. Only one pin 8 from port E is used
as the emergency output signal. Other pins connections are
shown in Fig. 9.
Fig. 7 Circuit diagram of position sensor drive
There are three probes in water level control system and a
buffer CD40106 is used to control the water level. One probe
is used as a ground. The other two probes are used as level
sensors. These two pins are connected to the +5V supply. In
water level control system, only when the water level reaches
below the lower sensor probe, the supply will not flow to the
ground. At the same time, its supply will flow to the buffer.
So, the buffer output will be High state. In this time, the
microcontroller will operate the filling motor to fill the water
in the tank until the level reach the upper level sensor or the
upper level buffer output is Low state. If the water level
contact to the upper level senor probe, the supply power will Fig. 9 Pin connection of PIC16F877A
flow to the ground. So, the supply of the upper level sensor
will not flow to the buffer and its output will be Low state. IV. PROGRAM FLOWCHART FOR THE OPERATION
The water level control circuit diagram is shown in Fig. 8.
In Fig. 10, When the position sensor 1 get the signal, the
conveyor motor will be stopped and the filling motor will be
opened. And when the time duration takes 5sec, this motor
will be closed and will drive the conveyor motor again. Then,
the position sensor 1 and 2 will be checked. If the two sensors
get the input signal simultaneously at the same time, after the
filling motor has opened, the pushed motor will be operated.
And if a limit switch gets a signal, the pushed motor will be
stopped. Finally, the number of bottles will count from the
PIC. If the counter has complete 10 pieces, the operation will
start again.
V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS IN TEST-BED
The experimental results are shown in following. This
project is to implement the control unit of SCADA system for
Fig. 8 Circuit diagram of water level control filling process. In Fig. 11, the construction of control unit is
shown by using the above controller circuits. It showed the
The pin connections of the PIC 16F877A are important to overall circuit design with photo. In Fig. 12, the construction
control the different parts of the filling process and to work of hardware design for filling process is shown by using the
correctly. These connections is described Fig. 9. Pin 2, 3, 4, 5 motors, conveyors and other devices. It used to test the
from Port A is used as the counter output pins when the operation of filling process and connect the master station for
number of bottles is counted. After the number of bottles had SCADA system. In Fig. 13, the overall control system for
counted to ten, the counting will reset. SCADA is shown by photo. This figure is the SCADA control
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4. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 46 2008
system for filling process. It connected with master station
using personal computer to monitor the filling process. So, it
includes the parallel port communication to interface between
master station and control unit.
Fig. 12 Photo of overall filling process system
Fig. 13 Photo of SCADA system
Fig. 10 Program flow chart of the filling process VI. CONCLUSION
This paper approached to implement control unit using
SCADA system for filling process. It designed control circuits
to operate the motors. This motors used for hardware
mechanism of filling system. Microcontroller used for the
operation of filling process and decision sequences of data.
The operation of the system showed with the flowchart of
programming. And the result showed with photos of hardware
design. This paper designed for the manufacturing system by
increasing the control systems.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author wishes to acknowledge especially to Dr. Theingi
for guidance, help and sharing fruitful ideas. The author is
deeply grateful to U Win Khaing Moe for willingness to share
ideas, experience and presence during presentation. The
Fig. 11 Photo of control unit author especially wishes to acknowledge his teachers at
Department of Electronic Engineering and Information
Technology and Department of Mechatronic Engineering for
their encouragement, help, support and guidance during the
70