This document discusses several theories of urban modelling including the Burgess model of urban land use, the multiple nuclei model, and bid-rent theory. It also addresses factors that influence urban segregation such as family life cycle, quality of life, ethnicity, crime rates, and perceived security. Examples are provided of segregation in cities like Belfast, New York, and San Francisco. Characteristics of slums are defined and their stages of development described. Maps show patterns of urban land use in cities like Manhattan, San Francisco, and patterns of urbanization and sprawl in the San Francisco Bay Area.

1. Urban Modelling and Theories

2. PLVI: Peak Land Value Intersection
Distance-Decay Principle
Bid-Rent Theory
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3. Burgess model
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4. Ullman-Harris Multiple nuclei model
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5. Belfast (Northern Ireland, UK): the neighborhoods of Falls vs Shankill
New York City: Greenwich Village vs the Bronx
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1. Explain the segregation criteria for the examples
shown
2. Suggest other criteria

6. Family life cycle Quality of life
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Explain the phases of the “family life” cycle in a city

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White Asian (Chinese)
Asian (Philipino)Mixed (Asian/White)
Latino
African-Am.
African-Am.
1. Identify the criteria for urban segregation on both maps
2. Name one homogeneous and one heterogeneous neighborhood in San Francisco
3. Explain the process of “positive” segregation (Mission) vs “negative” segregation (Noe Valley)

8. Crimes reported in Nov 2010
Perceived security/insecurity
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1. What can you conclude from
comparing the two maps?
2. Name other measures of urban
deprivation:
• “Physical” indicators
• Social indicators
• Economic indicators
• Political indicators

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11. Slum Dwellers (World, 2005) Slum Dwellers (1990-2007)
Dhaka (Bengladesh)
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Caracas
(Venezuela)

12. City of the Dead in Cairo (Egypt)
Shantytown in Mumbai (India)
Favela da Rocinha
in Rio de Janeiro
(Brazil)
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Identify characteristics of slum:
• Tenure
• Services
• Constructions
• Population density
• Type of economy
• etc

13. Stage 1: “invasion” Stage 2: “Consolidation”
Stage 3: “Upgrading” Stage 4: “Assimilation”
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URBAN SEGREGATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: RIO DE JANEIRO
Beach
Vegetation
Recent slums
Poor migrants
Lack of basic services
Older slums
upgrading process
Some services
Middle/Upper class housing
Luxury housing
High end amenities

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San Francisco Zoning Map (www.sf-planning.org)

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San Francisco CBD zoning

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Key
Mostly residential
(middle/upper class)
Parks
Financial District
Shops, nightlife, boutique hotels
Luxury shops, high-end hotels
Theaters & art galleries
Cultural landmarks / Museums
United Nations
Port of New York
Airports
Train Station
Cruise Terminal
Metro link
Ferry link
Grand
Central
Statue of Liberty
Ellis Island
JFK
La Guardia
Newark
URBAN LAND USE:
MANHATTAN

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San Francisco
San Jose
San Rafael
Vallejo
Walnut Creek
Dublin
Key
Ocean/Bay
Protected areas
Urbanized areas
Universities
CBDs
Hi-Tech district
Airports
Cruise terminal
Commercial harbors
Highways
Bridges
Urban sprawl
“Edge cities”
URBAN LAND USE:
SAN FRANCISCO BAY