The document discusses urban and metropolitan governance in the Philippines. It provides information on metropolitan arrangements in the country, including the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA). The MMDA was created in 1995 and is responsible for coordinating development planning, transport, waste management, and other services across Metro Manila, which includes 17 cities and municipalities. It is headed by a chairman and also has a governing Metro Manila Council. The document also discusses other metropolitan governance arrangements in the Philippines and experiences from other countries.

1. URBAN AND
METROPOLITAN
GOVERNANCE
MPA 213 MANAGEMENT OF RURAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT
PROFESSOR: DR. JOSEFINA B. BITONIO
STUDENTS: JONAL A. DE LOS REYES
IRIS VALERIE A. CABANG

2. METROPOLITAN
GOVERNANCE
ARRANGEMENTS
INTHE
PHILIPPINES

3. METROPOLITAN ARRANGEMENTS INTHE PHILIPPINES: A
NEW URBAN DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE
According to the Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Metropolitan arrangements vs.
decentralization contemporary regional development phenomenon occurring in the Philippines is
the emergence of new regional spaces through the formation of metropolitan arrangements.
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A metropolitan arrangement is a conglomeration of a
highly urbanized city and the local government units
contiguous to it, engaging in co-operative urban
development ventures.
METROPOLITANIZATION
• Would in effect make local governments give up
some of the some broader powers.
• According to economic standpoint, urban services
can be more efficient if they are jointly planned
and delivered thereby creating economies of scale
greater positive externalities will spill over to
society as a result of metro arrangements.
Metropolitan Arrangements in the Philippines are a
phenomenon of the 1990’s.

4. METROPOLITAN MANILA
DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
(MMDA)
• It is an agency in the Philippines
created embracing the cities of
Manila, Quezon City, Caloocan,
Pasay, Mandaluyong, Makati,
Pasig, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Las
Piñas, Parañaque, Valenzuela,
Malabon, Taguig, Navotas and
San Juan and the Municipality of
Pateros.
• The Agency is headed by a
chairman who is appointed by
and continues to hold office as
the discretion of the president.
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5. HISTORY OF MMDA
November 7, 1975 – President Ferdinand Marcos
issued Presidential Decree 824 creating Metro
Manila and its managing public corporation the
Metropolitan Manila Commission (MMC). First
Lady Imelda Marcos was appointed as Governor
and Mr. Ismael Mathay Jr. was appointed as Vice-
Governor.
January 9, 1990 – President Corazon Aquino
issued Executive Order No. 392 in accordance
with the Article 18 Section 8 of the 1987
Philippine Constitution replacing the MMC to
Metropolitan Manila Authority (MMA). Mr.
Jemomar Binay as its first chairman, followed by
Mr. Ignacio Bunye in 1991 and Mr. Ismael Mathay
Jr. in 1992.
March 1, 1995 – President Fidel V. Ramos
together with the congress of the Philippines
passed the RA No. 7924 creating Metropolitan
Manila Development Authority. Mr. Prospero
Oreta was the first chairman of MMDA.
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6. MMDA FUNCTIONS AND POWERS
1. Formulate, coordinate and regulate
the implementation of medium and
long term plans and programs for the
delivery of metro-wide services, land
use and physical development within
Metropolitan Manila.
2. Prepare, coordinate, and regulate the
implementation of medium term
investments programs to metro-wide
services which shall indicate sources
and uses of funds for priority
programs and projects.
3. Undertake and manage on its own
metro-wide programs and projects
for the delivery of specific services
under its jurisdiction subject to the
approval of the council.
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4. Coordinate and monitor the
implementation of such plans,
programs and projects in
Metropolitan Manila.
5. The MMDA shall set the policies
concerning traffic in Metropolitan
Manila, coordinate and regulate the
implementation of all programs and
projects concerning traffic.
6. Install and administer a simple
ticketing system, fix impose and
collect fines and penalties for all
kinds of violations and traffic rules
and regulations, confiscate and
suspend or revoke drivers’ licenses in
the enforcement of such traffic laws
and regulations, the provisions of RA
4136 and PD 1605.

7. METRO MANILA COUNCIL
It is the governing board and policy making body of MMDA. It is composed of mayors of the cities and
municipalities of Metro Manila together with the following Departments:
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1. Department of Transportation (DOTr)
2. Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)
3. Department of Budget and Management (DBM)
4. Philippine National Police (PNP)
5. Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Committee (HUDCC)
FUNCTIONS OF THE COUNCIL
1. It approves metro-wide programs, projects, issues, rules, regulations and resolutions deemed necessary by the
MMDA.
2. Approves the annual budget there of for submissions of the Department of Budget and Management (DBM).
3. It promulgates rules and regulations and sets policies and standards for metro-wide application governing the
delivery of basic services, prescribes and collects service and regulatory fees, imposes and collects fines and
penalties.

8. PROGRAMS AND SERVICES
1.Development Planning
2. Transport and Traffic Management
3. Solid Waste Disposal and Management
4. Flood Control and Sewerage Management
5. Urban Renewal, Zoning and Land Use
Planning, and Shelter Services
6. Health and Sanitation, Urban Protection and
Pollution Control
7. Public Safety
PLANNING AND COORDINATION
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• in carrying out its functions, consult, coordinate and work closely with
the LGUs, the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) and
other national government agencies and accredited people's
organizations (POs); non-governmental organizations - (NGOs), and the
private sector operating in Metro Manila.
• have a master plan that shall serve as the framework for the local
development plans of the component LGUs.
• submit its development plans and investment programs to the NEDA for
integration into the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan
(MTPDD) and public investment program.
The MMDA shall:
• in coordination with the NEDA and the Department of Finance, interface with the foreign
assistance agencies for purposes of obtaining financing support, grants and donations in
support of its programs and projects.

9. The implementation of the MMDA's
plans, programs and projects shall be
undertaken by the LGUs, the
concerned national government
agencies, the POs, NGOs and the
private sector and MMDA itself where
appropriate.

10. OTHER METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS IN
THE PHILIPPINES
“…the metropolis is a distinct human settlement requiring a different
local government system and structure. It is neither a province nor a
municipality nor a city. It is rather a collection of all these and
therefore require unique planning models and distinct legal laws.”
-Ruben G. Mercado and Rosario G. Manasan (1998)
The rate of urban growth in the Philippines, which posted 5.1 for the intercensal years
1980 to 1990, is considered one of the highest in the developing economies of Asia. As it is
true for its ASEAN neighbors, its urbanization rate is more than double the national
population growth rates. The source of this growth has been recognized to be influenced
by a mixture of factors including history, geography, sectoral, macroeconomic and explicit
spatial policies influencing the development of urban areas (NEDA, 1996)
The 1990 Census of Population and Housing revealed that the Philippines is 48.4
percent urban. Projection for 1995 showed the share of population in the urban
areas to be 54.1 percent or about 38 million out of the 69 million total population
(Gonzales, 1997). This represents a high growth rate of 4.6 almost double the
national growth rate of 2.45 for the period 1990-1995. The proportion of urban
population is expected to increase its share of the national population as the
country’s economic production will be generated mostly in the urban areas
following the anticipated increasing shares of the industry and services sectors.

11. OTHER COUNTRIES’ EXPERIENCES
UN-Habitat has established the MetroHUB initiative for supporting sustainable development in world’s metropolises
and regions, by tailoring innovative metropolitan solutions to local contexts and informing metropolises’ decision-
making processes with latest research and data. UN-Habitat work on metropolitan and regional management
includes: capacity development of metropolitan and regional authorities; formulation of metropolitan sectoral
policies; drafting and improvement of metropolitan legal frameworks; strengthening of supramunicipal governance
schemes; designing metropolitan and regional planning instruments; and innovating on financing mechanisms at
metropolitan and regional scales.
According to UN-Habitat, cities and urban dynamics are evolving rapidly around the world. Between 2000 and 2015,
cities grew by 1.5% a year in terms of area (EC OECD, 2020). Due to that expansion, many cities have grown beyond
the boundaries of their central municipality configuring bigger and denser metropolises, understood as the city and
its commuting zone, which consists of suburban, periurban and rural areas economically and socially linked to the
city.
Metropolises of the 21st century are characterized for having strong interdependencies from economic, social, and
environmental perspectives which need to be managed in an integrated way, based on functional territories and
across both jurisdictional boundaries and the urban-rural continuum. UN-Habitat integrative approach for
metropolitan management involves local, sub-national and national governments participation in metropolitan
governance, metropolitan policies and legislation, metropolitan planning, and metropolitan finance and economics.

12. SOURCES
https://issuu.com/ryacat/docs/pidspn9810
https://mmda.gov.ph/10-transparency/6-mmda-s-
scope-of-services-its-functions-and-
powers.html#:~:text=The%20MMDA%20shall%20set%
20the,to%20enforcement%2C%20engineering%20and
%20education.
https://mmda.gov.ph/?id=117
https://docslib.org/doc/545767/megalopolitan-
manila-striving-towards-a-humane-and-world-class-
megacity
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24110733_
Metropolitan_Arrangements_in_the_Philippines_Passi
ng_Fancy_or_the_Future_Megatrend
https://unhabitat.org/fr/node/143117

13. THANKYOU!