This document discusses upper limb prosthetics. It describes the characteristics of a successful prosthesis, considerations when choosing a prosthesis, reasons for upper limb amputations, amputation levels, types of prosthetics including cosmetic, functional, body-powered, externally powered and myoelectric prosthetics. It provides details on the typical components of an upper limb body-powered prosthesis including the socket, suspension, control cables, terminal devices and any intervening joint components. It outlines the timelines for amputation and prosthetic fitting.

1. Dr. TAUSEEF UL HASSANTMO PLASTIC SURGERYUPPER LIMB FUNCTIONAL PROSTHESIS

2. A Prosthesis is a device that is designed to replace, as much possible , the function or appearance of a missing limb or a body part.

3. CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUCCESSFUL PROSTHESIS: Comfortable to wear

4. Easy to put on and remove

5. Light-weight

6. Durable

7. Cosmetically pleasing

8. Must Function well mechanically

9. Require only reasonable maintainace.Finally, Prosthetic use largely depends on the motivation of the individual, as nothing matters if the patient does not wish to wear prosthesis.

10. CONSIDERATIONS WHEN CHOOSING A PROSTHESIS: Amputation level

11. Contour of the Residual limb

12. Expected function of the Prosthesis

13. Congnitivefuntion of the Patient

14. Voacation of the Patient (Desk Job vs Manual Labour)

15. Avocational interests of the Patient (e.g; Hobbies)

16. Cosmetic Importance of the Prosthesis

17. Financial resources of the Patient.Reasons for an Upper Limb Amputations:THIS IS MOSTLY CORRELATED BY AGE.(0-15 years) CONGENITAL DEFORMITY OR TUMOR

18. (15-45 years) TRAUMA

19. (>60years) SECONDARY TO TUMOR OR MEDICAL DISEASE AMPUTATION LEVELS:Trans-Phalangeal Amputation

20. DIP

21. PIP

22. MCP

23. Anywhere in Between.

24. Trans-Metacarpal Amputation

25. Trans Carpel Amputation

26. Wrist Disarticulation

27. Trans-Radial Amputation

28. Elbow Disarticulation

29. Trans-Humeral Amputation

30. Shoulder Disarticulation

31. ForeQuarter (Inter-Scapular Disarticulation).

32. TYPES OF PROSTHESISCOSMETICFUNCTIONAL Mostly passive or cosmetic types on one end to primarily functional types on the other. The purpose of most prosthesis falls somewhere in between. Cosmetic prosthesis look extremely natural but they often are more difficult to clean, can be expensive and usually sacrifice some function for increased cosmetic appearance.

34. TYPES OF FUNCTIONAL PROSTHESIS:BODY-POWERED PROSTHESIS (Cable Controlled)EXTERNALLY POWERED (BATTERY) PROSTHESIS (Electrically Controlled)MYOELECTRIC PROSTHESIS

35. SWITCH-CONTROLLED PROSTHESIS.BODY-POWERED PROSTHESIS:

37. PATIENT CONTROLLED BATTERY-POWERED (MYO-ELECTRIC/SWITCH CONTROLLED)

39. MYO-ELECTRICAL CONTROL SYSTEMS:2-site/2-function (Dual Site) System: Separate electrodes for paired prosthetic activity. FLEXTION/EXTENSION, SUPINATION/PRONATION. It is more physiological and easier to control.2. 1-site/2-function (Single Site) System: Used when limited control sites (MUSCLES) are available in a residual limb. This system uses 1 electrode to control both funtions of a paired activity (Flextion/Extension), (Supination/Pronation).

40. SWITCH CONTROL SYSTEMS:Switch controlled externally powered prosthesis utilize small switches, rather than muscle signals, to operate the elecric motors. A switch can be activated by movement of a remanant digit or part of a bony prominance against the swithch or by a pull on a suspension harness (similar to movement a patient makes, when operating a body-powered prosthesis) This can be a good option to provide contol for external power when myoelectric control sites are not available or when the patient can not master myoelectric control.