Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) is an analytical technique that improves chromatographic resolution, speed, and sensitivity compared to traditional HPLC. It uses columns packed with smaller particles less than 2.5 μm. This allows for higher pressures, faster flow rates, and shorter run times. UPLC provides increased peak capacity and sensitivity for applications like metabolite identification, impurity profiling, and dissolution testing in pharmaceutical analysis and quality control.
This presentation covers an introduction to UPLC, its general chemistry, and laws behind it. It also discusses the instrumentation of UPLC, advantages, disadvantages, and application of UPLC.
This presentation covers an introduction to UPLC, its general chemistry, and laws behind it. It also discusses the instrumentation of UPLC, advantages, disadvantages, and application of UPLC.
Instrumentation of HPLC, principle by kk sahuKAUSHAL SAHU
INTRODUCTION
Instrumentation of HPLC
TYPES OF HPLC
PARAMETERS
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
High-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) is a specific form of column chromatography generally used in biochemistry and analysis to separate, identify, and quantify the active compounds.
HPLC mainly utilizes a column that holds packing material (stationary phase), a pump that moves the mobile phase(s) through the column, and a detector that shows the retention times of the molecules.
In this slide contains types of HPLC Columns, Plate theory and Van Deemter Equation.
Presented by : Malarvannan.M (Department of pharmaceutical analysis).
RIPER,anantpur.
HPLC- introduction, principle, types, working, instrumentation and operations of HPLC has been included with appropriate gifs and images for better understanding. What are all the things need to be known by a science student about HPLC (basics and working) is clearly given in this presentation.
Instrumentation of HPLC, principle by kk sahuKAUSHAL SAHU
INTRODUCTION
Instrumentation of HPLC
TYPES OF HPLC
PARAMETERS
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
High-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) is a specific form of column chromatography generally used in biochemistry and analysis to separate, identify, and quantify the active compounds.
HPLC mainly utilizes a column that holds packing material (stationary phase), a pump that moves the mobile phase(s) through the column, and a detector that shows the retention times of the molecules.
In this slide contains types of HPLC Columns, Plate theory and Van Deemter Equation.
Presented by : Malarvannan.M (Department of pharmaceutical analysis).
RIPER,anantpur.
HPLC- introduction, principle, types, working, instrumentation and operations of HPLC has been included with appropriate gifs and images for better understanding. What are all the things need to be known by a science student about HPLC (basics and working) is clearly given in this presentation.
Recently, a new high-sensitivity detector was introduced that provides improved UHPLC system performance and includes new features that improve workplace efficiency.
This presentation introduces this technology and provides a description of its use for impurity analysis. For more information, go to www.ssi.shimadzu.com or follow Shimadzu on Twitter @shimadzussi.
Thanks for viewing!
Chromatography is an analytical method in which compounds are physically separated and measured.
The main purpose of chromatography is to separate and quantify the target sample.
The Chromatography technique used to separate a mixture of compounds in pharmaceutical sciences , analytical analytical Chemistry with the purpose of identifying, quantifying and purifying the individual components of the mixture.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
UPLC
1. Ultra Performance Liquid
Chromatography
By Mohammad Mudassar
Department of Quality Assurance, M- Pharm First Sem
R. C. Patel Institute of pharmaceutical education & Research, Shirpur
3. Introduction
UPLC refers to Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography.
UPLC is one mode of chromatography, used in analytical techniques.
It improves in three areas: chromatographic resolution, speed and
sensitivity.
UPLC is a rising chromatographic separation technique whose packing
materials have smaller particle size lesser than 2.5μm.
The technology takes full advantage of chromatographic principles to run
separations using columns packed with smaller particles and higher
flow rates.
3
4. Principle
The principle of UPLC is based on Van Deemter equation which describes the
relationship between flow rate and HETP or column efficiency
H=A+B/v + Cv
Where,
A = Eddy diffusion
B = Longitudinal diffusion
C = Equilibrium mass transfer
v = flow rate
van Deemter equation, that describes the relationship between linear velocity (flow
rate) and plate height (HETP or column efficiency)
4
5. Comparison between HPLC and UPLC
CHARACTERISTICS HPLC UPLC
Particle size 3-5μm Less than 2μm
Maximum back pressure
35-40 Mpa
less
103.5 Mpa
more
Column Alltima C18
Acquity UPLC BEH
C18
Column dimension 150 X 3.2 mm 150 X 2.1 mm
Column temperature 30 °C 65 °C
Volume injection 5μL (Std. In100% MeOH) 2μL (Std.In100% MeOH)
Sample throughput less more
Sample preparation simple tedious
Column coagulation Does not takes place Takes place
Analysis time more less
Sensitivity less higher
5
7. Instrumentation
1. Pumping systems
Achieving small particle, high peak capacity separations requires a
greater pressure range.
Both the gradient and isocratic separation modes are used.
The binary solvent manager uses two individual serial flow pumps to
deliver a parallel binary gradient.
There are built-in solvent select valves to choose from up to four
solvents.
There is a 15,000-psi pressure limit (about 1000 bar) to take full
advantage of the sub-2μm particles.
7
8. 2. Sample injection
In UPLC, sample introduction is critical. Conventional injection
valves, either automated or manual, are not designed and hardened to
work at extreme pressure.
To protect the column from extreme pressure fluctuations, the
injection process must be relatively pulse-free and the swept volume
of the device also needs to be minimal to reduce potential band
spreading.
Low volume injections with minimal carryover
required to increase sensitivity.
8
9. UPLC columns
Resolution is increased in a 1.7 μm particle packed column because efficiency is
better.
Separation of the components of a sample requires a bonded phase that provides
both retention and selectivity.
Four bonded phases are available for UPLC separations:
1. ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18 & C8 (straight chain alkyl columns),
2. ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP18 (embedded polar group column)
3. ACQUITY UPLC BEH Phenyl (phenyl group tethered to the silyl
functionality with a C6 alkyl)
4. ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide columns (trifunctionally bonded amide phase).
9
10. ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18 & C8 .
1. These are considered as the universal columns of choice for most
UPLC separations by providing the widest pH range.
2. They incorporate trifunctional ligand bonding chemistries which
produce superior low pH stability.
3. This low pH stability is combined with the high pH stability of the
1.7μm BEH particle to deliver the widest usable pH operating range
10
11. Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP18
These are designed to provide selectivity's that complement the
ACQUITY UPLC BEH T M C18 and C8 Columns.
Acquity UPLC BEH phenyl columns
These utilize a trifunctional C6 alkyl ethyl between the phenyl ring.
Acquity UPLC BEH Amide columns
1. BEH particle technology, in combination with a
trifunctionally bonded amide phase, provides
exceptional column life time, thus improving
assay robustness.
2. BEH Amide columns facilitate the use of a wide
range of phase pH [2 –11].
11
12. Detectors
Detectors used are
1. UV detectors
2. Fluorescent detector
3. Refractive index detector
4. Light scattering detector
5. Electrochemical detector
6. Mass spectrometric detector
12
13. Phototube
Consist of high sensitive cathode in a form of half cylinder in evacuated tube.
Anode is also present along the axis of the tube.
Inside layer is coated with light sensitive layer.
When light is incident surface coating emits electron this is attracted and
collected by anode.
Current which is created between cathode and anode is regarded as measure of
radiation falling on the detector.
13
14. Photomultiplier
Ejected photoelectron strikes dynode,
secondary e- released
Voltage accelerates e- to next dynode and so
Result is large charge packet
hitting anode
High Gain & detected
14
15. Fluorescence detector
The light from an excitation source passes through a filter or monochromator,
and strikes the sample.
A proportion of the incident light is absorbed by the sample, and some of the
molecules in the sample fluoresce. The fluorescent light is emitted in all
directions.
Some of this fluorescent light passes through a second filter or monochromator
and reaches a detector, which is usually placed at 90° to the incident light beam
to minimize the risk of transmitted or reflected incident light reaching the
detector.
15
17. This detector based on the deflection principle of refractometry, where the
deflection of a light beam is changed when the composition in the sample flow-
cell changes in relation to the reference side (as eluting sample moves through
the system).
As sample elutes through one side, the changing
angle of refraction moves the beam.
This results in a change in the photon current
falling on the detector which unbalances it.
The extent of unbalance (which can be related
to the sample concentration) is recorded on a
strip chart recorder.
Refractive index detector
17
18. Advantages…
Decreases run time and increases sensitivity.
Reducing analysis time so that more product can be produced with
existing resources.
Provides the selectivity, sensitivity, and dynamic range of LC analysis
Maintains resolution performance.
Fast resolving power quickly quantifies related and unrelated
compounds.
Operation cost is reduced.
Less solvent consumption.
18
19. Disadvantages
Due to increased pressure requires more maintenance and reduces the
life of the columns of this type.
In addition, the phases of less than 2 μm are generally non-regenerable
and thus have limited use.
19
20. Application
Analysis of natural products and traditional herbal medicine.
Identification of metabolite.
Study of metabonomics/metabolomics.
Bio analysis/bioequivalence studies.
Manufacturing/QA/QC
Impurity profiling.
Forced Degradation Studies.
Dissolution Testing.
Toxicity Studies.
20