Unit 4.5 medieval queens
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Eleanor of Aquitaine and Isabella of France were two exceptional medieval queens who exercised political power despite norms against women holding such influence. Eleanor inherited vast lands and married two kings, helping her sons Richard and John rule England as regent or providing diplomatic support. Isabella conspired with her lover to depose her cruel husband King Edward II, becoming the only queen to remove a English king from the throne and rule in his place alongside her son Edward III. Both women defied expectations and became highly influential figures in Europe through their strategic marriages and support of their sons' rules.
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King richard i of england
Richard I of England, also known as Richard the Lionheart, was born in 1157 in Oxford to King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. As the third child, he was not expected to become king. Richard later revolted against his father with his brothers but was defeated. After Henry II's death, Richard succeeded him as King of England. He went on to lead the Third Crusade but failed to retake Jerusalem for Christians before the crusade ended with a treaty allowing pilgrims access.
Richard i the lionheart
King Richard I, known as Richard the Lionheart, was born in 1157 in England to King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. At a young age he was named Duke of Aquitaine and later became heir to the English throne. As king, Richard spent most of his time abroad fighting in the Crusades rather than governing England. He died in 1199 after being wounded by an arrow in France.
Richard I
1) King Richard I of England was born in Aquitaine in 1157 to Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
2) Richard and his brothers Henry and Geoffrey fought against their father, King Henry II.
3) Richard led the Third Crusade against Saladin and the Muslims, conquering territories including Jerusalem.
Henry the VIII
Henry VIII had six wives over his lifetime as King of England. His first wife was Catherine of Aragon, who gave birth to only one surviving child, Mary. Henry sought to divorce Catherine to marry Anne Boleyn, leading to a split from the Catholic Church. Anne Boleyn was executed for treason after failing to produce a male heir. Henry went on to marry Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, and finally Catherine Parr, who outlived him. Through his six marriages Henry had three children who eventually ruled as monarchs - Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.
Who was henry viii
Many states began to be united by marriage alliances and by conquest, creating great powers. The Catholic Kings unified the Iberian peninsula except Portugal, and later Spain became the dominant power under Charles I and Philip II. After the Hundred Years War, French monarchs from Charles VII to Francis I stabilized and consolidated their control over France until religious wars erupted.
Henry VII and VIII
Henry Tudor declared himself King of England and Wales after the Wars of the Roses, taking Elizabeth of York as his wife to unite the houses of York and Lancaster. He faced problems with low funds, lawlessness, and the threat of invasion from Spain. Henry managed to make peace with Spain by marrying his son Arthur to Catherine of Aragon. After Arthur's death, Catherine went on to marry his brother Henry VIII. Henry VIII had six wives and broke with the Catholic Church when the Pope refused him a divorce, establishing the Church of England instead.
Edward
Edward VI became King of England at age 9 after the death of his father, King Henry VIII, in 1547. As the only child of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Edward was Duke of Cornwall at birth. His health began declining in 1552 when he was just 14 years old. In 1553, it became clear Edward was dying. He manipulated the rules of succession to try to exclude his half-sisters Mary and Elizabeth from the throne, instead leaving it to Lady Jane Grey and her male heirs.
The tudors
Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485, becoming King Henry VII and ending the Wars of the Roses between the House of York and House of Lancaster. The document then provides summaries of each of the Tudor monarchs from Henry VII through Elizabeth I, detailing important events that occurred during their reigns such as the English Reformation under Henry VIII and conflicts with other European powers. Life in Tudor England is also summarized, covering topics like architecture, education, entertainment, punishment, and transportation.
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King richard i of england
Richard I of England, also known as Richard the Lionheart, was born in 1157 in Oxford to King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. As the third child, he was not expected to become king. Richard later revolted against his father with his brothers but was defeated. After Henry II's death, Richard succeeded him as King of England. He went on to lead the Third Crusade but failed to retake Jerusalem for Christians before the crusade ended with a treaty allowing pilgrims access.
Richard i the lionheart
King Richard I, known as Richard the Lionheart, was born in 1157 in England to King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. At a young age he was named Duke of Aquitaine and later became heir to the English throne. As king, Richard spent most of his time abroad fighting in the Crusades rather than governing England. He died in 1199 after being wounded by an arrow in France.
Richard I
1) King Richard I of England was born in Aquitaine in 1157 to Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
2) Richard and his brothers Henry and Geoffrey fought against their father, King Henry II.
3) Richard led the Third Crusade against Saladin and the Muslims, conquering territories including Jerusalem.
Henry the VIII
Henry VIII had six wives over his lifetime as King of England. His first wife was Catherine of Aragon, who gave birth to only one surviving child, Mary. Henry sought to divorce Catherine to marry Anne Boleyn, leading to a split from the Catholic Church. Anne Boleyn was executed for treason after failing to produce a male heir. Henry went on to marry Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, and finally Catherine Parr, who outlived him. Through his six marriages Henry had three children who eventually ruled as monarchs - Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.
Who was henry viii
Many states began to be united by marriage alliances and by conquest, creating great powers. The Catholic Kings unified the Iberian peninsula except Portugal, and later Spain became the dominant power under Charles I and Philip II. After the Hundred Years War, French monarchs from Charles VII to Francis I stabilized and consolidated their control over France until religious wars erupted.
Henry VII and VIII
Henry Tudor declared himself King of England and Wales after the Wars of the Roses, taking Elizabeth of York as his wife to unite the houses of York and Lancaster. He faced problems with low funds, lawlessness, and the threat of invasion from Spain. Henry managed to make peace with Spain by marrying his son Arthur to Catherine of Aragon. After Arthur's death, Catherine went on to marry his brother Henry VIII. Henry VIII had six wives and broke with the Catholic Church when the Pope refused him a divorce, establishing the Church of England instead.
Edward
Edward VI became King of England at age 9 after the death of his father, King Henry VIII, in 1547. As the only child of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Edward was Duke of Cornwall at birth. His health began declining in 1552 when he was just 14 years old. In 1553, it became clear Edward was dying. He manipulated the rules of succession to try to exclude his half-sisters Mary and Elizabeth from the throne, instead leaving it to Lady Jane Grey and her male heirs.
The tudors
Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485, becoming King Henry VII and ending the Wars of the Roses between the House of York and House of Lancaster. The document then provides summaries of each of the Tudor monarchs from Henry VII through Elizabeth I, detailing important events that occurred during their reigns such as the English Reformation under Henry VIII and conflicts with other European powers. Life in Tudor England is also summarized, covering topics like architecture, education, entertainment, punishment, and transportation.
Queen Elizabeth I
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Henry viii and his 6 wives
This document discusses King Henry VIII's six wives: Catherine of Aragon, who had one daughter Mary Tudor; Anne Boleyn, who had one daughter Elizabeth and was beheaded; Jane Seymour, who gave birth to Henry's son Edward but died shortly after; Anne of Cleves, who Henry quickly divorced; Katherine Howard, who was beheaded for adultery; and Catherine Parr, a Protestant who married Henry after three previous marriages and took care of Elizabeth after Henry died.
Henry Viii To Upload
Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547. He had six wives - Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, and Katherine Parr. He divorced Catherine and had Anne executed after failing to produce a male heir. He established himself as head of the Church of England and seized Catholic church lands during the dissolution of the monasteries. His children were Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Edward VI. Mary I was a devout Catholic who earned the nickname "Bloody Mary" for ordering the executions of Protestants like Thomas Cranmer. Elizabeth I succeeded Mary I and re-established the Church of England.
The tudors presentation
Henry VII established a wealthy and powerful English monarchy focused on business over war. Henry VIII broke England from the Catholic Church and made the Church of England independent in order to gain control over the Church. During this Tudor period, England experienced a great artistic renaissance. Henry VIII had six wives and divorced several in order to obtain a male heir after his first wife Catherine of Aragon failed to produce a surviving son. Upon Henry's death, he left the throne to his three children - Mary, Elizabeth, and Edward.
King Henry VIII
King Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547. He had six wives and was obsessed with having a male heir. His first wife was Catherine of Aragon, who he divorced after she only gave birth to a daughter, Mary. His second wife Anne Boleyn also only had a daughter, Elizabeth I. His third wife Jane Seymour finally gave birth to a son, Edward VI, but she died soon after from complications. Henry's subsequent wives, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr, did not provide any children who survived to adulthood. Henry established himself as head of the Church of England to allow his divorce from Catherine. By the time of his death, Henry had significantly centralized power in England
0802 Tudor Henry VII
Henry VII came to the throne in 1485 after defeating King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, ending the Wars of the Roses between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. His claim to the throne was challenged due to his Lancastrian heritage, so he solidified his rule by marrying Elizabeth of York to unite the houses. As king, Henry faced problems securing his grip on power from plots against him, but he established stability and prosperity through treaties with foreign nations, generating royal tax revenue, and building a strong legal system.
Henry VIII
Henry VIII became King of England in 1509 at age 17. He had six wives - Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, and Katherine Parr. Henry broke ties with Rome and the Catholic Church after failing to have his marriage to Catherine annulled, establishing the Church of England with himself as its head. Henry was an educated and talented Renaissance prince, known for his passion for music and collection of instruments. The document also provides background on Northern Renaissance art and artists such as Holbein, Durer, and Van Eyck.
Tudor dynasty
The Tudor Dynasty began with Henry VII taking the throne in 1485 after defeating Richard III at Bosworth Field. His son, Henry VIII, inherited a prosperous kingdom but oversaw England's split from the Catholic Church during his tyrannical reign from 1509-1547. Henry married six times and had three children who would become monarchs - Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Edward became King at age 9 but died young, followed by Mary's zealous restoration of Catholicism before the long reign of the Protestant Virgin Queen Elizabeth I.
King Henry VIII
Henry VIII had six wives as he sought to produce a male heir. He broke from the Catholic Church after the Pope refused to annul his marriage to Katherine of Aragon. This led Henry to establish himself as the head of the Church of England. Over time, Henry became increasingly paranoid and tyrannical, executing wives and others to protect his power. His religious reforms permanently altered England's relationship with the Catholic Church.
Henry VIII
Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547. He had six wives: Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, and Katherine Parr. Henry broke from the Catholic Church and established himself as the head of the new Church of England after failing to obtain an annulment from Catherine of Aragon. He had Catherine and Anne Boleyn executed and divorced the other wives. Henry's children included Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Edward VI, who succeeded him as monarchs of England.
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This document contains a quiz with questions and answers about various aspects of the Tudor period and monarchs in England from 1485 to 1603. It asks about the parents of Henry VIII, the two wives he had beheaded, the year Elizabeth I was born, Jane Seymour's child, the first Tudor king, typical foods and eating utensils during this time, common vegetables, who built the large kitchen at Hampton Court Palace, what toys were made from, the two Tudor universities, when the period began and ended, when the Tudor Rose was created, where Henry VIII's wives were beheaded, his older brother, the queen who reigned for only nine days, his only male heir
King Henry VIII
King Henry VIII had six wives over the course of his reign as King of England from 1509 to 1547. His first wife was Catherine of Aragon, who he was married to for over 20 years but divorced after failing to produce a male heir. He then married Anne Boleyn and had Elizabeth I, though had her executed for adultery. His third wife Jane Seymour gave birth to his son Edward VI but died shortly after. His subsequent wives included Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, both of whom he had annulments from, and his final wife Katherine Parr, who outlived Henry.
Henry viii
Henry VIII was King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547. He had six wives, two of whom he had beheaded after divorcing them due to failing to produce a male heir. Henry broke with the Roman Catholic Church after the Pope refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, leading Henry to proclaim himself Supreme Head of the Church of England. This separation from Rome had a significant impact on English history. Henry had three children who went on to rule as monarchs after his death: Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.
Elizabeth
Queen Elizabeth I was born on September 7, 1533 at Greenwich Palace. She became queen on November 17, 1558 and was crowned on January 15, 1559 at Westminster Abbey. Elizabeth died on March 24, 1603. She was the daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, who was beheaded when Elizabeth was young, leaving her exiled from court until Catherine Parr took an interest in her education. Elizabeth spoke Latin, French, and German and was highly intelligent due to her education.
A brief history, of the Tudors
The document provides a brief overview of the Plantagenet and Tudor dynasties in England. It describes the War of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York for control of the throne. Henry Tudor defeats Richard III at Bosworth Field, becoming King Henry VII and uniting the houses. His son, Henry VIII, breaks with the Catholic Church and establishes himself as head of the Church of England due to disputes over annulments of his marriages. Henry VIII had six wives, two of whom he divorced and two he had executed. His three children, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I, each succeeded him as monarch and shaped the English Reformation and England's global expansion.
The man in the iron ma
This document summarizes the plot of the novel "The Man in the Iron Mask" by discussing several key characters and events. It describes how King Louis XIV wanted to kill his brother Philippe's identical twin after discovering his existence. The three musketeers Aramis, Athos, and Porthos helped Philippe replace the tyrannical King Louis. However, their plan failed initially. King Louis then imprisoned Philippe while wearing an iron mask. The document discusses the roles of several characters like D'Artagnan, Aramis, Athos, Philippe, and King Louis throughout the plot.
The politics of Henry VIII
Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church in order to divorce his first wife Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn after the Pope denied his annulment request. This led Henry to make himself the head of the new Church of England. He had Thomas More and John Fisher executed for opposing his new marriage and title as head of the church. During his reign, Henry dissolved the monasteries and seized church lands and wealth to fund his kingdom and navy. While he confronted the Pope over religious matters, Henry maintained some Catholic traditions and beliefs during his rule.
The tudors
The document provides an overview of key monarchs during the English Renaissance period, including Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Some of the main events summarized are Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn, the various marriages and executions during his reign, the brief Protestant rule under Edward VI, the Catholic restoration under Mary I, and the highly successful rule of Elizabeth I who kept England Protestant and established it as a world power.
Queen Elizabeth I
Queen Elizabeth I said "I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England." She was born in 1533, considered illegitimate by Roman Catholics. After her father Henry VIII and sister Mary's deaths, Elizabeth was crowned queen in 1558 at age 25, ruling for 44 years without marrying or having children. Her reign saw the defeat of the Spanish Armada, voyages to the Americas preparing England for colonization, and flourishing of the arts.
King Henry Viii
Henry VIII was born in 1491 in Greenwich, England to King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. He became king in 1509 after the death of his older brother Arthur. Henry married Catherine of Aragon in 1509 and had one son, Henry, who died after two months. Henry sought to emulate his predecessors through war with France. He ruled England while traveling and left Cardinal Thomas Wolsey to govern in his absence. Henry had six wives and three children who became monarchs: Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Edward VI. He died in 1547 at Whitehall Palace from health problems including obesity, gout, and possibly syphilis.
70594
The Tudor dynasty ruled England from 1485 to 1603. Henry VII established a strong monarchy and wealthy nation, while Henry VIII broke England from the Catholic Church and dissolved the monasteries. Elizabeth I defeated the Spanish Armada, establishing England as a major power. However, the Tudors also dealt cruelly with dissent and struggled to control neighboring Wales, Ireland, and Scotland, laying the foundations for future conflicts.
Background to Mary Tudor
A background to Mary I and how she came to be the person she was. This investigates why she was evil.
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This document discusses King Henry VIII's six wives: Catherine of Aragon, who had one daughter Mary Tudor; Anne Boleyn, who had one daughter Elizabeth and was beheaded; Jane Seymour, who gave birth to Henry's son Edward but died shortly after; Anne of Cleves, who Henry quickly divorced; Katherine Howard, who was beheaded for adultery; and Catherine Parr, a Protestant who married Henry after three previous marriages and took care of Elizabeth after Henry died.
Henry Viii To Upload
Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547. He had six wives - Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, and Katherine Parr. He divorced Catherine and had Anne executed after failing to produce a male heir. He established himself as head of the Church of England and seized Catholic church lands during the dissolution of the monasteries. His children were Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Edward VI. Mary I was a devout Catholic who earned the nickname "Bloody Mary" for ordering the executions of Protestants like Thomas Cranmer. Elizabeth I succeeded Mary I and re-established the Church of England.
The tudors presentation
Henry VII established a wealthy and powerful English monarchy focused on business over war. Henry VIII broke England from the Catholic Church and made the Church of England independent in order to gain control over the Church. During this Tudor period, England experienced a great artistic renaissance. Henry VIII had six wives and divorced several in order to obtain a male heir after his first wife Catherine of Aragon failed to produce a surviving son. Upon Henry's death, he left the throne to his three children - Mary, Elizabeth, and Edward.
King Henry VIII
King Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547. He had six wives and was obsessed with having a male heir. His first wife was Catherine of Aragon, who he divorced after she only gave birth to a daughter, Mary. His second wife Anne Boleyn also only had a daughter, Elizabeth I. His third wife Jane Seymour finally gave birth to a son, Edward VI, but she died soon after from complications. Henry's subsequent wives, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr, did not provide any children who survived to adulthood. Henry established himself as head of the Church of England to allow his divorce from Catherine. By the time of his death, Henry had significantly centralized power in England
0802 Tudor Henry VII
Henry VII came to the throne in 1485 after defeating King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, ending the Wars of the Roses between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. His claim to the throne was challenged due to his Lancastrian heritage, so he solidified his rule by marrying Elizabeth of York to unite the houses. As king, Henry faced problems securing his grip on power from plots against him, but he established stability and prosperity through treaties with foreign nations, generating royal tax revenue, and building a strong legal system.
Henry VIII
Henry VIII became King of England in 1509 at age 17. He had six wives - Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, and Katherine Parr. Henry broke ties with Rome and the Catholic Church after failing to have his marriage to Catherine annulled, establishing the Church of England with himself as its head. Henry was an educated and talented Renaissance prince, known for his passion for music and collection of instruments. The document also provides background on Northern Renaissance art and artists such as Holbein, Durer, and Van Eyck.
Tudor dynasty
The Tudor Dynasty began with Henry VII taking the throne in 1485 after defeating Richard III at Bosworth Field. His son, Henry VIII, inherited a prosperous kingdom but oversaw England's split from the Catholic Church during his tyrannical reign from 1509-1547. Henry married six times and had three children who would become monarchs - Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Edward became King at age 9 but died young, followed by Mary's zealous restoration of Catholicism before the long reign of the Protestant Virgin Queen Elizabeth I.
King Henry VIII
Henry VIII had six wives as he sought to produce a male heir. He broke from the Catholic Church after the Pope refused to annul his marriage to Katherine of Aragon. This led Henry to establish himself as the head of the Church of England. Over time, Henry became increasingly paranoid and tyrannical, executing wives and others to protect his power. His religious reforms permanently altered England's relationship with the Catholic Church.
Henry VIII
Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547. He had six wives: Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Katherine Howard, and Katherine Parr. Henry broke from the Catholic Church and established himself as the head of the new Church of England after failing to obtain an annulment from Catherine of Aragon. He had Catherine and Anne Boleyn executed and divorced the other wives. Henry's children included Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Edward VI, who succeeded him as monarchs of England.
A tudor quiz bella
This document contains a quiz with questions and answers about various aspects of the Tudor period and monarchs in England from 1485 to 1603. It asks about the parents of Henry VIII, the two wives he had beheaded, the year Elizabeth I was born, Jane Seymour's child, the first Tudor king, typical foods and eating utensils during this time, common vegetables, who built the large kitchen at Hampton Court Palace, what toys were made from, the two Tudor universities, when the period began and ended, when the Tudor Rose was created, where Henry VIII's wives were beheaded, his older brother, the queen who reigned for only nine days, his only male heir
King Henry VIII
King Henry VIII had six wives over the course of his reign as King of England from 1509 to 1547. His first wife was Catherine of Aragon, who he was married to for over 20 years but divorced after failing to produce a male heir. He then married Anne Boleyn and had Elizabeth I, though had her executed for adultery. His third wife Jane Seymour gave birth to his son Edward VI but died shortly after. His subsequent wives included Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard, both of whom he had annulments from, and his final wife Katherine Parr, who outlived Henry.
Henry viii
Henry VIII was King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547. He had six wives, two of whom he had beheaded after divorcing them due to failing to produce a male heir. Henry broke with the Roman Catholic Church after the Pope refused to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon, leading Henry to proclaim himself Supreme Head of the Church of England. This separation from Rome had a significant impact on English history. Henry had three children who went on to rule as monarchs after his death: Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I.
Elizabeth
Queen Elizabeth I was born on September 7, 1533 at Greenwich Palace. She became queen on November 17, 1558 and was crowned on January 15, 1559 at Westminster Abbey. Elizabeth died on March 24, 1603. She was the daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, who was beheaded when Elizabeth was young, leaving her exiled from court until Catherine Parr took an interest in her education. Elizabeth spoke Latin, French, and German and was highly intelligent due to her education.
A brief history, of the Tudors
The document provides a brief overview of the Plantagenet and Tudor dynasties in England. It describes the War of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York for control of the throne. Henry Tudor defeats Richard III at Bosworth Field, becoming King Henry VII and uniting the houses. His son, Henry VIII, breaks with the Catholic Church and establishes himself as head of the Church of England due to disputes over annulments of his marriages. Henry VIII had six wives, two of whom he divorced and two he had executed. His three children, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I, each succeeded him as monarch and shaped the English Reformation and England's global expansion.
The man in the iron ma
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The politics of Henry VIII
Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church in order to divorce his first wife Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn after the Pope denied his annulment request. This led Henry to make himself the head of the new Church of England. He had Thomas More and John Fisher executed for opposing his new marriage and title as head of the church. During his reign, Henry dissolved the monasteries and seized church lands and wealth to fund his kingdom and navy. While he confronted the Pope over religious matters, Henry maintained some Catholic traditions and beliefs during his rule.
The tudors
The document provides an overview of key monarchs during the English Renaissance period, including Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Some of the main events summarized are Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn, the various marriages and executions during his reign, the brief Protestant rule under Edward VI, the Catholic restoration under Mary I, and the highly successful rule of Elizabeth I who kept England Protestant and established it as a world power.
Queen Elizabeth I
Queen Elizabeth I said "I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England." She was born in 1533, considered illegitimate by Roman Catholics. After her father Henry VIII and sister Mary's deaths, Elizabeth was crowned queen in 1558 at age 25, ruling for 44 years without marrying or having children. Her reign saw the defeat of the Spanish Armada, voyages to the Americas preparing England for colonization, and flourishing of the arts.
King Henry Viii
Henry VIII was born in 1491 in Greenwich, England to King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. He became king in 1509 after the death of his older brother Arthur. Henry married Catherine of Aragon in 1509 and had one son, Henry, who died after two months. Henry sought to emulate his predecessors through war with France. He ruled England while traveling and left Cardinal Thomas Wolsey to govern in his absence. Henry had six wives and three children who became monarchs: Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Edward VI. He died in 1547 at Whitehall Palace from health problems including obesity, gout, and possibly syphilis.
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Henry VII was a cautious, calculating ruler who united the Houses of York and Lancaster through his marriage to Elizabeth of York. As the first Tudor king, he took the throne in 1485 after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, ending the Wars of the Roses. Henry was an outsider as a Welshman raised in exile who brought stability to England after the civil war tore the country apart. He established the Tudor dynasty through his heirs and left England with strong royal authority.
Queen elizabeth i
Queen Elizabeth I ruled England from 1558 to 1603. She was born in 1533 and was the daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Elizabeth spent time imprisoned in the Tower of London during the reign of her Catholic sister Mary I. As queen, Elizabeth helped establish the Church of England and united people of different religions. She gained popularity among the English people and is renowned for defeating the Spanish Armada. Elizabeth never married and died childless at the age of 69, making her the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty.
Bloody Tudors
Henry VIII ruled England from 1509 to 1547 and led the English Reformation which established the Church of England after his struggle against papal authority from Rome. His desire for a male heir led to his six marriages and contributed to his declining health. His daughter Mary I reigned from 1553 to 1558 and attempted to reverse the Reformation by executing hundreds of Protestants, earning her the name "Bloody Mary". Elizabeth I ruled from 1558 until 1603, facing opposition from Mary, Queen of Scots. Elizabeth's long and stable reign saw the flourishing of English drama and exploration.
Queen Elizabeth I and the Spanish Armada
Queen Elizabeth I was England's greatest queen who successfully established Protestantism and led England during a golden age. Under her 45-year reign, England defeated the Spanish Armada, establishing itself as a naval power. Shakespeare and other artists flourished during her Protestant rule, which contrasted with the Catholic persecutions under her half-sister Queen Mary I. The Spanish Armada posed an immense threat in 1588 as it sought to invade England, but the Royal Navy led by Hawkins and Drake used superior cannons to defeat the larger Spanish fleet in a decisive victory.
ELIZABETH 2
Elizabeth II has been Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms since 1952. She was born in 1926 in London and educated privately. Elizabeth began undertaking public duties during World War 2. In 1947, she married Prince Philip and they have four children together. Her coronation in 1953 was the first to be televised. Elizabeth has reigned for over 60 years, making her the longest-reigning British monarch after Queen Victoria.
Children of henry viii
The document summarizes the reigns of the three monarchs who ruled England after King Henry VIII: Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Edward VI became king at age 10 but died at 16, likely from tuberculosis. Mary I, also known as Bloody Mary, was a Catholic who had Protestants executed during her reign. Elizabeth I established the Church of England, dealt with threats from her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots and from Catholic Spain, and helped make England wealthy and powerful during her 45-year reign known as England's Golden Age.
Elizabeth 2
Elizabeth II is the Queen of 16 sovereign states and territories known as the Commonwealth realms. She has reigned since 1952, making her reign the second longest of any British monarch at over 60 years so far. Elizabeth was born in 1926 in London and became heir presumptive when her uncle abdicated the throne in 1936 and her father became King George VI. She began undertaking public duties during World War 2 and married Prince Philip in 1947, with whom she has four children.
The tudors (1485 1603)
The document summarizes key aspects of Tudor rule in England from 1485-1603. It discusses how Henry VII established the foundations of a strong monarchy and wealthy nation state. Henry VIII broke England from the Catholic Church and established the Church of England. His daughter Elizabeth I defeated the Spanish Armada, cementing England's status. The document also describes domestic life, language, and culture that developed during this period of English history.
English Renaissance Slideshow
The English Renaissance lasted from 1485-1660. It began later in England than in Italy due to political instability. It was sparked by the rise of the Tudor dynasty under Henry VII and Henry VIII. Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church had lasting consequences and led England to increasingly embrace Protestantism under Edward VI and Elizabeth I. Conflicts over religion and power continued under the Stuart dynasty and resulted in a civil war and the execution of Charles I.
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2.2 the battle of hastings
1) Harold Godwinson's army had just defeated another invading force from Norway at the Battle of Stamford Bridge and was exhausted. However, Harold marched his tired army 200 miles south to meet William the Conqueror's Norman invasion force only a week later.
2) On October 14th, 1066 the two armies met at the Battle of Hastings. Harold's Saxon army occupied the top of Senlac Hill and formed a defensive shield wall. William's Normans launched attacks but struggled until launching a false retreat that broke the Saxon formation.
3) With the Saxons scattered, the Normans were able to pick them off. Harold was killed, and without their king the remaining Saxons fled.
2.1 saxon, norman or viking
1) Edward the Confessor died without an heir, leaving three men to claim the English throne - Harold Godwinson, William Duke of Normandy, and Harald Hardraada of Norway.
2) Harold Godwinson claimed that Edward named him as his successor on his deathbed and was crowned king, though others questioned his legitimacy with no royal blood.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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- 1. Unit 4.5 Medieval Queens Medieval Kingship
- 2. Words to learn Terminology Definition Regent Someone who is appointed to rule on behalf of a monarch , when the monarch is too young, infirm or absent to rule Depose To suddenly or forcefully remove a monarch from power
- 3. • During the medieval period, it was seen as unnatural for a woman to hold political power. • Women were expected to be meek and gentle, power was related to physical prowess • Some medieval queens, however were exceptions to this general rule • This remarkable individuals rose above the expectations set by their gender.
- 4. Eleanor of Aquitaine • She was the eldest child of the Duke of Aquitaine • Her father have enormous territory stretching across the south west of France. When he died, Eleanor inherited those lands • Attractive, well educated and wealthy.
- 5. Her 1st marriage • At the age of 15, she was married to King Louis VII • The husband was slow-witted and lack of charm was not a good match for high-spiritted Eleanor • In 1147, she accompanied her husband for crusade. • Once reached in Jerusalem (Holy land) she questioned about her husband’s decision making and refused to accompany him to South Jerusalem. • Louis was enraged with his wife’s obedience and they divorced in 1152
- 6. Her 2nd marriage • 8 weeks after her divorce, Eleanor shocked medieval Europe by marrying the heir of English throne, Henry Duke of Normandy • Her husband was later crowned as King Henry II. This marriage was more successful and they had 5 sons together • As the years went on, Eleanor and her strong willed husband began to quarrel and she left to France in 1168 to rule Aquitaine on Henry II’s behalf
- 7. Her imprisonment • In France, she developed a glamourous court and were celebrated in poems and songs across Europe for its display of chivalry • In 1174, she was arrested for helping to plot a revolt against her own cruel husband • She was imprisoned for 15 years • When Henry II died, her son Richard the Lion heart became a new king, his first act was to release his mother.
- 8. Her political career • She was already 67 years old when she was released from prison. • Her political career doesn’t end there. Her son Richard left England to fight for the 3rd Crusade • He appointed his mother to become regent and rule England on his behalf • Richard died in 1199 and John became king. She transferred her loyalty to John , she often travel to France and Spain to negotiate and build alliances for her son
- 9. Her death • Eleanor died in 1204 at the age of 82 • She was laid rest next to her son Richard back in France • She became one of the most powerful figure male or female in all Europe.
- 10. Isabella of France • Isabella of France was just 12 years old when she married Edward II (Son of Edward I) in 1308. • Unfortunately her husband was already in love with a male courtier name Pier Gaveston though nobody today know if they ever got physical. • At Edward’s coronation, he chose to sit next to his favourite courtier instead of his own wife, Isabella was humiliated and her family was outraged • In 1312, a group of barons captures Pier and executed him • After Pier died, Isabelle and Edward II’s relationship improved. They later had 4 children
- 11. More conflict in marriage • Edward came to admire his wife’s intelligence and judgment and he too relied on her advice • Not long after, Edward II gained new favourite Hugh Despenser. • Hugh was a greedy and sinister, much hated by the rest of English barons and Isabelle despise him
- 12. Rebellion against her husband • In 1325, Edward II sent his wife to her homeland of France to negotiate a treaty on his behalf. • Once in France, she fell in love with an English knight named Roger Mortimer • Together, they planned rebellion against Edward II. • They both raised French army and invaded England in September 1326.
- 13. She wolf of France • French army gained England once more. • They capture Despenser and had him hanged, drawn and quartered • Edward II was sent to prison in Berkley Castle and now his wife Isabelle a Queen. • She was the only queen in known in history to depose her own husband, rumours emerge that Edward II died in a horrific death • Isabella was called a She-Wolf for her role in the fall of her husband and the brutal revenge she took on the Despensers once she held power
- 14. The rise and fall of Isabella. • Isabella made her 14 year old son Edward III a new king of England. • She was ruling England (on behalf of her son) alongside her lover Mortimer • Once Edward III grew older, he executed Mortimer and send his mother into prison. • Isabella slowly gained pardon from her son and lived in freedom for almost 30 more years dying at the age of 63 • She gained power as the most beloved and hatred queen for what she did.
- 15. Question 1 • Why women were unlikely to have political power in medieval period?
- 16. • Women were expected to be gentle and political power is just opposite to their nature.
- 17. Question 2 • Do you think Eleanor marriage to henry II were more successful then her previous marriage ? Give one reason
- 18. • Yes, she gave him many sons and two of them became the next king of England (Richard and John)
- 19. Question 3 • How did Eleanor help her sons Richard and John when they were king?
- 20. • Richard – She helped him by becoming regent (rule england on his behalf while he was at war) • John – helped him to build allies in Spain and france
- 21. Question 4 • Name 2 man became favourite courtier to Edward III? What happened to them?
- 22. • Pier gaveston and Hugh Despenser both were caught and executed
- 23. Question 5 • What made Isabella unique amongst other English queens?
- 24. • Shes the only queen who known for her ruthless rebellion and disposing his own king husband to rule England