Personality can be defined as a dynamic set of characteristics that uniquely influence a person's cognitions, motivations, and behaviors. Personality encompasses thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that describe a person. It is generally stable but can change, especially during development. For organizational behavior studies, personality strongly impacts an individual's daily behavior and actions in given situations. Personality is influenced by both inherited and learned characteristics. Major determinants include physical, social, psychological, and intellectual factors. Common personality attributes that influence organizational behavior include locus of control, Machiavellianism, introversion/extroversion, problem solving style, and achievement orientation.

1. UNIT 3
PERSONALITY
Prof. Kanchan Kumari

2. Personality
• Personality can be defined as a dynamic and organized set of.
characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences his or
her cognitions, motivations and behaviors in various situations. The
word "personality" originates from the Latin persona, which means mask
• Personality encompasses the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that
describe or define a person. Often personality is a generalization that
provides insights into how someone will perceive, feel about, and react
to a given situation or stimulus. Personality is generally an established,
stable, and constant characteristic; however, personalities do change.
This is particularly true of individuals as they are developing mentally
and physically. For purposes of organizational behavior studies,
personality has a strong impact on an individuals behavior daily and in a
given circumstance.

3. Personality Definition

4. Robbins Definition
• It signifies the role which a person plays in public. Every
individual has a unique, personal and major determinant of his
behavior that defines his/her personality. Personality trait is
basically influenced by two major features − Inherited
characteristics. Learned characteristics.
• Personality refers to the enduring characteristics and behavior
that comprise a person's unique adjustment to life, including
major traits, interests, drives, values, self-concept, abilities, and
emotional patterns.

5. Concept of Personality
• Personality refers to the enduring characteristics and behavior
that comprise a person's unique adjustment to life, including
major traits, interests, drives, values, self-concept, abilities,
and emotional patterns.
• Psychologists say that our personality is mainly a result of four
major determinants, i.e. Physical (Biological/Hereditary), Social
(the community you are brought up in and your role in the
community), Psychological (your behaviour, emotions and inner
thought patterns) and Intellectual (your values and beliefs).

6. Determinants of Personality
The determinants of personality can be grouped in five broad
categories:
• Biological Factors.
• Cultural Factors.
• Family Factors.
• Social Factors.
• Situational Factors

7. Biological Factors
• Heredity
• Brain
• Physical Features

8. Cultural Factors

9. Physical Features
• These are aspects of appearance that are visually apparent to
others, even with no other information about the person. They
can include a variety of things. Hair and facial features play a big
role but aren't the whole picture. Physical characteristics are what
you see with the naked eye.
• Your physical features are your height, weight, size, shape or
another bodily characteristic. These also include facial features,
hair, scarring and birthmarks.

10. Types of Personality

11. Major Personality Attributes

12. Major Personality Attributes Influencing
Organizational Behavior
(1) Authoritarianism-status and power
(2) Bureaucratic Personality-value subordinate
(3) Machiavellianism-how to use power
(4) Introversion and Extroversion-
(5) Problem Solving Style-sensation feeling/thinking, intuition feeling/thinking
(6) Achievement Orientation-in better way
(7) Locus of Control
(8) Self Esteem
(9) Self Monitoring
(10) Risk Taking
(11) ‘Type A’ and ‘Type B’ Personality
(12) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

13. Locus of Control
• Locus of control refers to an individual’s belief that events are
either within one’s control (Internal Locus of Control) or are
determined by forces beyond one’s control. Some people believe
that they are the masters of their own fate. Other people see
themselves as pawns of fate, believing that whatever happens to
them in their lives is due to their luck or fate. The first type is
labeled as internals and the latter has been called externals. A
PERSON’S PERCEPTION OF THE SOURCE OF HIS OR HER FATE IS
TERMED LOCUS OF CONTROL
• Ex- control over his own behavior/ active decision making

14. Machiavellianism
• This personality trait of Machiavellianism also known as Mach is
named after Niccolo Machiavelli
(i) A Mach man is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance and
believes that ends can justify means.
(ii) A high Mach man manipulates more, wins more, are persuaded
less and persuade others more than the low machs.
(iii) High Mach people flourish when they interact face to face with
others rather than indirectly.

15. Thank You
Prof. Kanchan Kumari