This document discusses various theories and approaches to understanding personality, including: - Personality is shaped by both innate factors like heredity and environment factors like culture, family, and social interactions. - Major theories include trait theories, which view personality in terms of traits, and type theories, which classify personalities into distinct types. - Assessment of personality can involve self-report inventories, projective tests, and analyzing behaviors in different situations. Understanding personality involves considering both internal and external influences.

2. Personality

3. The word "personality" originates from the Latin persona , which means mask . Significantly, in the theatre of the ancient Latin-speaking world, the mask was not used as a plot device to disguise the identity of a character, but rather was a convention employed to represent or typify that character.

4. a. the sum total of the physical, mental, emotional, and social characteristics of an individual. b. the organized pattern of behavioral characteristics of the individual.

5. Personality is the particular combination of emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response patterns of an individual.

9. Carl Jung

10. Sheldon's Somatotype Character Shape Picture Endomorph [viscerotonic] relaxed, sociable, tolerant, comfort-loving, peaceful plump, buxom, developed visceral structure Mesomorph [somatotonic] active, assertive, vigorous, combative muscular Ectomorph [cerebrotonic] quiet, fragile, restrained, non-assertive, sensitive lean, delicate, poor muscles

13. Raymond Cattell

14. The Sixteen Personality Factors

16. Graphic: The Big Five

17. Major determinants of personality

18. Biological Factors Heredity Brain Biofeedback Physical Features

23. Environment factors Cultural factors Family factors Social factors

24. Cultural Factors

26. Family Factors

28. Social Factors

30. Situation Situation further influences the effects of heredity and environment on personality. A individual's personality, while generally stable and consistent, does change in different situations. Different demands in different situations call forth different aspects of one's personality. It has been observed that many arrogant and indisciplined employees become humble and disciplined in a particular situation. Those having a criminal background may become powerful and strong administrators, dominant politicians, etc.

36. Hermann Rorschach created the Rorschach inkblot test in 1921

38. For further reading visit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorschach_inkblot_test#The_ten_inkblots