Learning Objectives:
1. Understand what is valency
2. Learn how to define valences of elements
3. Learn normal and excited states of atoms
4. Learn how to determine chemical formula of molecules
5. Understand why atoms are grouped in molecules
A brief power point presentation designed to help introduce high school chemistry students to reading the periodic table and extracting information such as the number of valence electrons an element has, etc.
Carbon being the most versatile element on this earth is also the most important element for mankind. Carbon (from Latin: carbo "coal") is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. Carbon makes up only about 0.025 percent of Earth's crust.
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand what is chemical bond, why and how it is formed
2. Learn how charges of elements are determined
3. Revise how chemical formulas are defined
4. Understand which factors make matter gas, liquid or solid
5. Learn what ionic crystals are and which properties they have
The slides contains information Regarding Electron Configuration.
1. How electrons arranged in shells
2. Atomic orbitals
3. Electronic Configuration
4. Sublevels
5. Hunds rule
6. Pauli Rule
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand what is valency
2. Learn how to define valences of elements
3. Learn normal and excited states of atoms
4. Learn how to determine chemical formula of molecules
5. Understand why atoms are grouped in molecules
A brief power point presentation designed to help introduce high school chemistry students to reading the periodic table and extracting information such as the number of valence electrons an element has, etc.
Carbon being the most versatile element on this earth is also the most important element for mankind. Carbon (from Latin: carbo "coal") is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. Carbon makes up only about 0.025 percent of Earth's crust.
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand what is chemical bond, why and how it is formed
2. Learn how charges of elements are determined
3. Revise how chemical formulas are defined
4. Understand which factors make matter gas, liquid or solid
5. Learn what ionic crystals are and which properties they have
The slides contains information Regarding Electron Configuration.
1. How electrons arranged in shells
2. Atomic orbitals
3. Electronic Configuration
4. Sublevels
5. Hunds rule
6. Pauli Rule
It's very good for SPM students . You have to learn the ionic bond thoroughly. If you understand well you can explain it vividly. For other chemistry notes can email me puterizamrud@gmail.com or facebook Pusat Tuisyen Zamrud .
Learn about Sky Islands and the challenges trees and plants face at high elevations. Snow, wind, cold, aridity, UV light all impact treeline, as well as, provide opportunities for forests to grow in an otherwise desert landscape.
Why did the Earth go from a hot, humid planet with forests all the way up to the North Pole and then suddenly convert to a more modern cooler climate around 47 million years ago?
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
Tele-gram.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and pioneers and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive amounts before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade pi coins with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
3. How Are They Different Than Ionic? Ionic bonds work by electromagnetic attraction. A positively charged ion is attracted to a negative ion. Covalent bonds work by sharing electrons. They do not have charges, but are hard to separate due to this sharing.
10. Cl Cl octet circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets
11. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the electron pair in the middle circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets
12. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the electron pair in the middle circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets
13. Cl Cl This is the bonding pair circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets
14. Cl Cl Single bonds are abbreviated with a dash circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets
15. Cl Cl This is the chlorine molecule, Cl2 circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets
16. Covalent Bonds Each oxygen has 6 valence electrons and wants two more to have a full octet. 6 electrons 6 electrons
17. Covalent Bonds If one oxygen shares two electrons with the other, the other has a full octet. 8 electrons – happy! 4 electrons left
18. Covalent Bonds But, then the other oxygen is short, so it pulls them back. Now the other oxygen shares 2 electrons 4 electrons left 8 electrons – happy!
19. Covalent Bonds Thus, by each of them sharing two electrons back and forth, they both are at the full octet simultaneously. 8 electrons 8 electrons
26. So Who Covalently Bonds? Alkaline or Alkali Earth Metals do not form covalent bonds! Also Halogens are rarely covalently bonded. Mostly it is non-metals in groups 3,4,5, and 6
27. Electron Distribution . . . C . Valence Electrons: 4 Electrons occur in 4 fours separated as far apart as possible
28. Electron Distribution . . . . . N C . . Valence Electrons: 4 5 Electrons occur in 4 fours separated as far apart as possible
29. Electron Distribution . . . . . N C . . O . . Valence Electrons: 4 5 6 Electrons occur in 4 fours separated as far apart as possible
30. Electron Distribution . . . . . N C . . O . . Valence Electrons: 4 5 6 Electrons occur in 4 fours separated as far apart as possible Secret Question: Why do electrons first fill orbitals one at a time before pairing up?
31. Electron Distribution . . . . . N C . . O . . Valence Electrons: 4 5 6 Electrons occur in 4 fours separated as far apart as possible Secret Question: Why do electrons first fill orbitals one at a time before pairing up? It is because electrons repel each other and want to be as far apart as possible.
32. Exception to Octet Rule Boron only has 3 valence electrons, so it is impossible to get to eight via covalent bonding Without 4 valence electrons, the shape of the molecule flattens out. BH3 B . . .
36. Quadruple Bond??? Can not occur, because the last bond can not bend all the way around. Too far to bend Too far to bend Especially since triple bonds are so rigid
37. Possible Covalent Bonds Only where single electrons are located, can covalent bonds be made. Carbon has 4 single electrons, thus it can make 4 bonds. Nitrogen has 3 single electrons, thus it can make 3 bonds. Oxygen has 2 single electrons, thus it can make 2 bonds.
38. Double Bonds Revisited Since Oxygen can make two bonds, and Carbon can make four, it makes for some interesting combinations.
39. Why Carbon is the Key to Life It is precisely because carbon can make 4 bonds, as well as, double and triple bonds, that makes it so critical to life. Carbon chains can form virtually every formation possible.
40. DNA and the building blocks for life Carbon, plus two other flexible elements, oxygen and nitrogen form the backbone of DNA DNA contains the genetic code for the building of life out of the largest of all molecules, proteins.