This document discusses different types of operating systems. It begins by defining an operating system as a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware. It then describes simple batch systems, multi-programming systems, real-time operating systems, multi-processing systems, and distributed operating systems. For each type of operating system, it provides details on advantages and disadvantages. Examples are also given for some of the operating system types.

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5. What is an Operating System?
A program that acts as an
intermediary between a user of a
computer and the computer
hardware.

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8. Simple Batch System
Multi-programming System
Real time Operating System
Multi-processing System
Real-Time Operating System

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10. In Batch processing same type of jobs
batch (BATCH- a set of jobs with similar
needs) together and execute at a time.
The OS was always resident in memory.
SIMPLE BATCH SYSTEM

11. SIMPLE BATCH SYSTEM

12. ADVANTAGES
A data center’s staff can schedule batch
processing during times when the
computers are otherwise idle, such as
overnight.
 The computer operators can delay or
prioritize different batches easily,
depending on circumstances.

13. DISADVANTAGES
Zero interaction between user and
computer.
No mechanism to prioritize processes.
CPU is often idle, because the speeds of
the mechanical I/O devices is slower than
CPU.

14. SIMPLE BATCH SYSTEM
Payroll run for company.
Gas and electricity bills produced
by batch system.
EXAMPLE

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16. In this the operating system, picks and
begins to execute one job from memory.
Multiprogramming system, CPU will never
be idle and keeps on processing.
MULTI-PROGRAMMING SYSTEM

18. ADVANTAGES
 It increases CPU utilization.
It maximizes the total job throughput of a
computer.
Better Reliability-if one processor
breakdown then other takes its workload.

19. DISADVANTAGES
It must keep track of all kinds of jobs.
Each system requires large chunks of
hard drive space which cannot be
allocated to programs.
 Poor CPU usage when only one
program is present in memory.

20. MULTI-PROGRAMMING
SYSTEM
• Three jobs are submitted.
Almost no contention for resources . All
three can run in minimum time in a
multitasking environment (assuming
JOB2/3 have enough CPU time to keep
their I/O operations active)
EXAMPLE

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22. • Real time system is defined as a data
processing system in which the time
interval required to process and respond
to inputs is so small that it controls the
environment.
REAL-TIME OPERATING
SYSTEM

24. There are two types of real-time operating
systems.
1. Hard real-time systems
2. Soft real-time systems
TYPES OF REAL-TIME
OPERATING SYSTEM

25. Soft real-time
operating systems-that
can only guarantee a
maximum of the time
are referred to as soft
real-time.
Soft real-time
Hard real-time systems-
guarantee that critical
tasks complete on time.
In hard real-time
systems secondary
storage is limited or
missing with data stored
in ROM.
Hard real-time
1 2
TYPES OF REAL-TIME
OPERATING SYSTEM

26. EXAMPLE OF SOFT REAL
TIME OS:
multimedia
transmission
and reception
websites &
services ,
computer
games.
networking,
telecom
(cellular)
networks

27. EXAMPLE OF HARD REAL
TIME OS:
air traffic
control
Nuclear
power
plant
control
vehicle
subsystems
control

28. ADVANTAGES
 RTOS give maximum consumption of the system and
gives us more output.
 Due to small size of programs RTOS can also be used
in embedded systems like in transport and others.
 RTOS is error free that mean it has no chances of
error in performing tasks.

29. DISADVANTAGES
There are only limited tasks run at the same
time and other task have to wait.
 RTOS used lot of system resources which is
not as good and is also expensive.
Multi tasking is done few of times and this is
the main disadvantage of RTOS.

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31. • A multiprocessor system consists of
several processors that share a common
physical memory. Multiprocessor system
provides higher computing power and
speed.
MULTIPROCEESOR
SYSTEM

33. Enhanced performance.
Execution of several tasks by
different processors concurrently,
increases the system's throughput.

34. It's more complex than other
operating systems.
It requires context switching which
slightly impacts performance.

35. 1. Linux
Unix
Windows 2000
Windows XP
Mac OS X
EXAMPLE OF MULTIPROCESSOR
SYSTEM
Linux Unix
Mac OS X
Windows
XP
Windows
2000

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37. • The motivation behind developing
distributed operating systems is the
availability of powerful and
inexpensive microprocessors and
advances in communication
technology.
DISTRIBUTED OPERATING
SYSTEM

39. If one machine crashes, the system as a
whole can still survive.
A distributed system may have more
total computing power than a mainframe.
Since it is an open system it is always
ready to communicate with
other systems.

40. Distributed systems will have an
inherent security issue.
If the network gets saturated then
problems with transmission will surface.
There is currently very little less
software support for Distributed system.

41. EXAMPLES OF
DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM:
Windows 2003 +
application server
(IIS&PWS)
Ubuntu
Linux (apache
server)

42. THANK YOU!
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