The document provides an overview of operating systems, detailing their functions such as memory, processor, device, and file management, as well as security and job accounting. It categorizes operating systems into types including normal, real-time, single-user, multi-user, and embedded systems, while explaining their historical development from command-based to graphical interfaces. The presentation emphasizes the importance of operating systems in managing computer resources and facilitating user interactions.

1. Welcome Everybody

2. OPERATING SYSTEM
OVERVIEW

3. Tahosib Mohammad Tamim
171-15-
Abdullah Al Amin
171-15-
Runa Akter
171-15-
Mustafizur Rahaman
171-15-
Presented To
G.m. Rasiqul Islam
Rasiq
Lecturer
Department of Computer
Science and Engineering
Daffodil International
University

4. COMPUTING
COMPONENTS
NETWORK
PROCESSOR
CLOUD COMPUTING
SERVER

5. WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM?
A program that acts as an intermediary between a
user of a computer and the computer hardware.

6. WHY WE USE OPERATING SYSTEM
Make a computer system easier to use.
An operating hides details of hardware resources
from programmers.
Manage the recourses of a computer system.
An operating manages all the resources of a
computer system.

7. TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM?
 Normal Operating System
Character User Interface Operating System
Graphical User Interface Operating System
 Real Time Operating System

8. HISTORY OF OPERATING SYSTEM?
What were computers
like before operating
systems were invented?

9. LATER, INSTRUCTIONS
WERE GIVEN TO THE
COMPUTER WITH PUNCH
CARDS OR MAGNETIC TAPE.
To run more than one
program at a time, you need a
"boss“ program that controls
all the other programs.

10. MICROSOFT MS-DOS
In the 1980s, operating systems were
developed where you could move a
mouse around and click on things
instead of typing commands.

11. FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM
•Memory Management
•Processor Management
•Device Management
•File Management
•Security
•Control over system performance
•Job accounting
•Error detecting aids
•Coordination between other software and users

12. PROCESSOR MANAGEMENT
In multiprogramming environment, the OS decides which process gets the
processor when and for how much time. This function is called process
scheduling. An Operating System does the following activities for processor
management −
 Keeps tracks of processor and status of process. The program responsible
for this task is known as traffic controller.
 Allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
 De-allocates processor when a process is no longer required.

13. MEMORY MANAGEMENT
Memory management refers to management of Primary Memory or Main
Memory. Main memory is a large array of words or bytes where each word or
byte has its own address.
Main memory provides a fast storage that can be accessed directly by the CPU.
For a program to be executed, it must in the main memory.

14. DEVICE MANAGEMENT
An Operating System manages device communication via their respective drivers. It does the
following activities for device management −
 Keeps tracks of all devices. Program responsible for this task is known as the I/O controller.
 Decides which process gets the device when and for how much time.
 Allocates the device in the efficient way.
 De-allocates devices.

15. FILE MANAGEMENT
A file system is normally organized into directories for easy navigation and
usage. These directories may contain files and other directions.
An Operating System does the following activities for file management −
Keeps track of information, location, uses, status etc. The collective facilities
are often known as file system.
Decides who gets the resources.
Allocates the resources.
De-allocates the resources.

16. OTHER IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES
Following are some of the important activities that an Operating System performs −
 Security − By means of password and similar other techniques, it prevents unauthorized
access to programs and data.
 Control over system performance − Recording delays between request for a service and
response from the system.
 Job accounting − Keeping track of time and resources used by various jobs and users.
 Error detecting aids − Production of dumps, traces, error messages, and other debugging
and error detecting aids.
 Coordination between other software and users − Coordination and assignment of
compilers, interpreters, assemblers and other software to the various users of the computer
systems.

17. TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
Distinguished by the response time and how data is entered
into the system
Single user
Multi user
Multitasking
Multi processing
Embedded
Real time

18. TWO TYPES:
 Single user, Singletask
 Single user, Multi tasking
SINGLE USER

19.  One user can effectively do one thing at a time.
 Example: The Palm OS for Palm
handheld computers.
SINGLEUSER,SINGLETASK

20.  Designed with a single user in mind but can deal
with many applications running at the same time.
 Example: Microsoft's Windows and
Apple's Mac OS platforms
SINGLEUSER,MULTITASKING

21.  Allows multiple users to access the computer
system at the same time.
 Time Sharing system and Internet servers are the
multi user systems.
 Examples: UNIX, VMS and Mainframe Operating
systems.
MULTIUSER

22.  Multiprocessing, in general, refers to the utilization
of multiple CPUs in a single computer system
 Enables several programs torun concurrently
MULTIPROCESSING

23. Designed to be used in embedded computer systems
Are able to operate with a limited number of
resources on small machineslike PDAs
It is a computer that is part of a different kind of
machine.
Examples: include computers in cars, digital
televisions, ATMs, airplane controls, digital cameras,
GPS navigation systems, elevators, and among many
other possibilities.
EMBEDDEDOS

24. Embedded OS in a car Android OS in digitalcamera
CONTINUE…

25.  Is a multitasking operating system that aims at
executing real-time applications.
 The main objective of real-time operating systems
is their quick and predictable response to events.
 Examples: QNX, RTLINUX
 Are used to control machinery, scientific
instruments and industrial systems.
REALTIMEOPERATING SYSTEM

26. CONTINUE…