This document summarizes the three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated, voluntary, and found in locations like the tongue and diaphragm. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and has intercalated discs. Smooth muscle is spindle-shaped, involuntary, and regenerates after injury in locations such as blood vessels. Each type of muscle tissue has distinct characteristics including nuclear shape, presence of striations, junction type, and regeneration ability.

1. M.Sc Clinical Embryology
Subject: Histology
By – Prachi Naik
Muscular tissue

2. • In human, all the body cells have a property of the contractility to some
extent. The property of contractility is well developed in muscular tissue.
• The cells of muscular tissue are called Myocytes. As the myocytes are
elongated or spindle shaped, they are also called muscle fibers.
• The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber is called
the sarcolemma.
• The striated appearance of skeletal muscle tissue is a result of
repeating bands of the proteins actin and myosin that are present
along the length of myofibrils.
• Dark A bands and light I bands repeat along myofibrils, and the
alignment of myofibrils in the cell causes the entire cell to appear
striated or banded.
Muscle Tissue

6. Types of Muscular Tissue
• There are three types of muscles:

7. • Muscle fiber: Very long, unbranched cylindrical
• Nuclei: Multinucleated, peripherally placed, flat
• Striations: Well defined cross-striation
• Sacroplasmic reticulum: Form traids
• T-tubules: Present at A-I junction
• Cell junction: Absent
• Function: Voluntary
• Innervation: Motor nerves
• Mitosis: None
• Regeneration after injury: Limited
• Location: Skeletal muscles, tongue, esophagus, diaphragm
Skeletal Muscle

9. • Muscle fiber: Small, branched cylindrical
• Nuclei: Single, centrally placed, oval
• Striations: Poorly defined cross-striations
• Sacroplasmic reticulum: Form diads
• T-tubules:Present at Z-line
• Cell junction: Intercalated discs
• Function: Involuntary
• Innervation: Autonomic nerves
• Mitosis: None (new concept: Limited)
• Regeneration after injury: None
• Location: Heart, superior and inferior vena cava, pulmonary vei
Cardiac Muscle

11. • Muscle fiber: Small, unbranched spindle shaped
• Nuclei: Single, centrally placed, elongated
• Striations: Absent
• Sacroplasmic reticulum: Not well developed
• T-tubules: Absent
• Cell junction: Gap junction
• Function: Involuntary
• Innervation: Automatic nerves
• Mitosis: Present
• Regeneration after injury: Present
• Location: Vessels, tubular viscera, and organs
Smooth Muscle

13. Summary

14. Thank You