REFERENCE 11-MUSCULAR SYSTEM.pptx
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- More than 50% of the human body is composed of muscle. There are three main types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. - Skeletal muscle is voluntary, striated muscle found attached to bones that facilitates movement. It has long, multi-nucleated cylindrical fibers. - Cardiac muscle is involuntary, striated muscle found only in the heart. It has branched fibers connected by intercalated discs that contract in unison. - Smooth muscle is involuntary, non-striated muscle that lines internal organs. It has spindle-shaped, single-nucleated fibers that facilitate movements like peristalsis.
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Muscular System Overview
- More than 50% of the human body is made up of three main types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
- Skeletal muscle is voluntary, striated muscle attached to bones that facilitates movement. Cardiac muscle is involuntary, branched muscle found only in the heart. Smooth muscle is involuntary, non-striated muscle that lines internal organs.
- Each muscle type has a distinct structure that relates to its function. Skeletal muscle contains long, multi-nucleated fibers. Cardiac muscle contains short, branched fibers connected by intercalated discs. Smooth muscle contains spindle-shaped, single-nucleated cells.
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240333162-The-Muscular-System-by-Group-5.ppt
The muscular system consists of three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and attached to bones, controlling movement. Smooth muscle is involuntary and found within organs, controlling functions like digestion. Cardiac muscle is involuntary and only located in the heart, controlling pumping. Muscles contract through interactions between the proteins actin and myosin, powered by ATP from cellular respiration. They enable functions like movement, posture, and heat generation. The major skeletal muscles include the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, and gluteus maximus.
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Muscular System.ppt
This document provides an overview of the muscular system. It discusses the three types of muscles - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Skeletal muscles are voluntary and striated, found attached to bones, and enable movement. Cardiac muscle is exclusively found in the heart and contracts involuntarily. Smooth muscles are not striated, act involuntarily, and are located in organs like the intestines. The document also examines muscle structure, types of contractions, energy sources, exercise effects, and attachments. Examples of major skeletal muscles and their functions are outlined.
T - Types of Muscle
Skeletal muscle is voluntary muscle that is attached to bones and controls movement. It comprises 40-50% of body weight and there are approximately 650 muscles. Skeletal muscle contracts and relaxes in alternating fashion using ATP to generate movement.
Cardiac muscle is involuntary muscle found only in the heart. It has a striated appearance and coordinates contractions to pump blood through the circulatory system. Cardiac muscle cells connect through intercalated discs to contract in a wave-like pattern.
Smooth muscle is involuntary muscle found in organs and passageways like the stomach, intestines, arteries and veins. It controls involuntary functions like digestion and regulates blood flow. Smooth muscle lacks striations and responds to chemical and neural stimuli for
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- More than 50% of the human body is made up of three main types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
- Skeletal muscle is voluntary, striated muscle attached to bones that facilitates movement. Cardiac muscle is involuntary, branched muscle found only in the heart. Smooth muscle is involuntary, non-striated muscle that lines internal organs.
- Each muscle type has a distinct structure that relates to its function. Skeletal muscle contains long, multi-nucleated fibers. Cardiac muscle contains short, branched fibers connected by intercalated discs. Smooth muscle contains spindle-shaped, single-nucleated cells.
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This document summarizes the three main types of muscle in vertebrates: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, found in limbs, and produces movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated but involuntary, found only in the heart. Smooth muscle is not striated, involuntary, and found in internal organs. The document describes the structure, function, and characteristics of each muscle type in more detail. It also discusses muscle control and how muscles generate force through the sliding filament model of contraction.
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This document provides an overview of the muscular system. It discusses the three types of muscles - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles. Skeletal muscles are voluntary and striated, found attached to bones, and enable movement. Cardiac muscle is exclusively found in the heart and contracts involuntarily. Smooth muscles are not striated, act involuntarily, and are located in organs like the intestines. The document also examines muscle structure, types of contractions, energy sources, exercise effects, and attachments. Examples of major skeletal muscles and their functions are outlined.
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Skeletal muscle is voluntary muscle that is attached to bones and controls movement. It comprises 40-50% of body weight and there are approximately 650 muscles. Skeletal muscle contracts and relaxes in alternating fashion using ATP to generate movement.
Cardiac muscle is involuntary muscle found only in the heart. It has a striated appearance and coordinates contractions to pump blood through the circulatory system. Cardiac muscle cells connect through intercalated discs to contract in a wave-like pattern.
Smooth muscle is involuntary muscle found in organs and passageways like the stomach, intestines, arteries and veins. It controls involuntary functions like digestion and regulates blood flow. Smooth muscle lacks striations and responds to chemical and neural stimuli for
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There are three main types of muscle in the human body - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.
Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated and found only in the heart, contracting involuntarily to pump blood. Smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary, surrounding internal organs to aid processes like digestion and blood flow. All three muscle types contract through the sliding filament mechanism of actin and myosin but differ in structure, control, and function.
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The muscular system is a complex network of tissues and organs responsible for movement, stability, and heat generation in the human body. Comprising more than 600 individual muscles, it enables various functions, including locomotion, posture maintenance, breathing, and circulation assistance. Muscles are composed of muscle fibers, which are elongated cells capable of contracting and relaxing to generate force. Skeletal muscles, attached to bones via tendons, facilitate voluntary movements, such as walking and lifting objects, under conscious control. Smooth muscles, found in organs like the digestive tract and blood vessels, perform involuntary functions like peristalsis and regulating blood flow. Cardiac muscle, exclusively present in the heart, sustains its rhythmic contractions to pump blood throughout the body. The muscular system works in coordination with the skeletal, nervous, and circulatory systems to ensure efficient movement and overall bodily function. Regular exercise and proper nutrition are essential for maintaining muscular health and strength throughout life.
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The Muscular System
By Thiru murugan. M
The Muscular system:
Types and structure of muscles
Muscle groups: muscles of the head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, upper limb and lower limbs
Principal muscles: deltoid, biceps, triceps, respiratory, abdominal, pelvic floor, pelvic floor muscles, gluteal muscles and vastus lateralis
Major muscles involved in nursing procedures
Muscle:
Muscle is a soft tissue and it is one of the 4 basic tissues, along with nervous tissue, epithelium, and connective tissue.
Muscles helps in movement, support and protection of internal organs.
Muscles can perform variety of functions
Muscles tissue is made up of cells called “MYOCYTES” or muscle fibers.
There are more than 600 muscles in the human body. A kind of elastic tissue makes up each muscle, which consists of thousands, or tens of thousands, of small muscle fibers.
Types of Muscles: There are 3 main types of muscles
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle:
These are having close relationship to the bone or skeleton, so called Skeletal muscles
It present in limbs and related body parts & It form about 40% of body weight.
Under microscope the skeletal muscles fibers shows prominent striations, so called “Striated Muscles” & It is also known as “Voluntary Muscles” (movements are under our control)
Structure of Skeletal muscle:
Muscle fibers shows transverse striations under light microscope so it is called “striated muscles”
The nucleus is located peripherally.
Each skeletal muscle is an organ that consists of numerous cells called muscle fibers.
Each muscle fibers surrounded by “ Endomysium”
Inside each skeletal muscle, muscle fibers are organized into bundles, called fascicles, each fascicle surrounded by perimysium.
The whole muscle is covered by “epimysium”
Each skeletal muscle has three layers: endomysium, perimysium and epimysium
Muscle fibers:
Muscle is composed of many long cylindrical-shaped elongated fibres called muscle fibers
Length varies according to the size and shape of the muscles.
The actual arrangement of the fibres depending on the function of the muscle.
Each muscle fibers covered by a membrane is called the sarcolemma.
The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber is called Sarcoplasm
In sarcoplasm there are many mitochondria and bundles of fine longitudinal thread like part is called “myofibrils”
Microscopic structure of myofibrils:
A myofibril (also known as a muscle fibril or sarcostyle) is a basic rod-like part of a muscle cell.
Muscles are composed of tubular cells called myocytes, known as muscle fibres in striated muscle, and these cells in turn contain many chains of myofibrils.
They are created during embryonic development in a process known as myogenesis.
Under light microscope each myofibril consist of 2 bands:
Light band or “I” Band & Dark band or “A” Band
The alternating pattern of these bands results in the striated appearance of skeletal muscle.
Light band or “I” Band:
The I-bands (isotropic in polarize
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The muscular system is composed of three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and control voluntary movement. Smooth muscles are found in internal organs and blood vessels and contract involuntarily. Cardiac muscle makes up the heart and contracts rhythmically and involuntarily. The main functions of muscles are contraction to enable movement and maintain posture, joint stability, and heat production.
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Muscle is a soft tissue, one of the four basic types of animal tissue. Muscle tissue gives skeletal muscles the ability to contract. Muscle is formed during embryonic development, in a process known as myogenesis. Muscle tissue contains special contractile proteins called actin and myosin which interact to cause movement. Among many other muscle proteins present are two regulatory proteins, troponin and tropomyosin.
Muscle tissue varies with function and location in the body. In vertebrates the three types are: skeletal or striated; smooth muscle (non-striated) muscle; and cardiac muscle.[1] Skeletal muscle tissue consists of elongated, multinucleate muscle cells called muscle fibers, and is responsible for movements of the body. Other tissues in skeletal muscle include tendons and perimysium.[citation needed] Smooth and cardiac muscle contract involuntarily, without conscious intervention. These muscle types may be activated both through the interaction of the central nervous system as well as by receiving innervation from peripheral plexus or endocrine (hormonal) activation. Striated or skeletal muscle only contracts voluntarily, upon the influence of the central nervous system. Reflexes are a form of non-conscious activation of skeletal muscles, but nonetheless arise through activation of the central nervous system, albeit not engaging cortical structures until after the contraction has occurred.
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Muscular system(final report)
The muscular system consists of over 600 muscles that make up around 40% of body mass. There are three main types of muscle - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and attached to bones, enabling movement. It has striations and contains fascicles and fibers. Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in organs, while cardiac muscle is only in the heart and pumps blood. Muscles contract through motor neurons stimulating the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Contraction enables functions like movement, posture, and heat production.
Muscle Tissue.pdf
This document summarizes the key characteristics of the three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary. It appears striped due to alternating dark and light bands. Smooth muscle is involuntary and not striated. It lacks striations and has myofilaments that run in all directions. Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary. It is found only in the heart. It has intercalated discs that allow communication between cells.
Topic 5 Muscular System
a compiled resources mainly to facilitate learning outcomes
Identify types of muscle tissues
Describe types of skeletal system
Identify human skeletal system
Identify the component of human musculo-skeletal system
Explain how muscle contracts
Describe muscle and bone relationships
Muscle Types: Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac
Explore the diverse world of muscles, including skeletal, smooth, and cardiac types. Learn about their functions, anatomy, nerve supply, and importance in clinical assessment. Discover how muscles work together to produce movement and understand the implications of muscle tone, attachments, and shape. Gain insights into cardiac muscle necrosis and its consequences.
General Anatomy of Muscles and action.pptx
anatomy of Muscles, type of muscles Bundle of fibrous tissue in animal/human body that has ability to contract and produce movement on joints and the body as a whole.
Composed of muscular tissue, have cells and intercellular substance.
Elongated cells of muscular tissue, referred to as muscle fibers.
Cells of muscular tissues are called myocytes.
Skeletal muscles; because of its attachment to skeleton
Smooth muscles; because of its microscopic structure
Cardiac muscles; because of its location in the body
Most abundant, 40% of total body weight
Under microscope, skeletal muscle fibers are seen as elongated, non-branching, multinucleated cells that show transversely arranged alternating dark and light band.
Also called; striated muscles, somatic muscle and voluntary muscles.
Smooth muscle fiber is a long, slender, spindle-shaped cell containing a single nucleus, which is located in the central wider part of cells
Forms sheet in the walls of the hollow organs
Also called; visceral muscles, non- striated muscles, involuntary muscles
Cardiac muscle fibers are made up of short, cylindrical segments(cells) joined end to end by intercellular junctions.
Show cross-striation due to alternating light and dark bands
Involuntary muscle supplied by autonomic nervous system
Fascia
Connective tissue component of Muscles
Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium
Tendon
aponeurosis
Muscle with fiber parallel to the line of pull
Muscle with fiber oblique to the line of pull
Spiral muscles
Cruciate muscles
Circular muscles
Flat muscles undergo a twist as they pass through there broad origin to narrow insertion
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
When an agonist crosses more than one joint, unwanted movement at the proximal joint is prevented by the contraction of synergist muscle.
Partial antagonist of prime mover
The group of muscles which stabilize the proximal joints of a limb, so that the desired movement at a distal joint may occur fixed base
(prime movers) are those which contract to produce specific movement
Are those muscle which oppose specific movement at joint. Antagonist muscles helps to make the desired movement smooth, steady and precise
Are those muscle which oppose specific movement at joint. Antagonist muscles helps to make the desired movement smooth, steady and precise
Muscu
The muscular system is composed of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle tissues that work together to control movement and maintain posture. The major functions of the muscular system are body movement, respiration, heat production, communication and organ/vessel constriction. Disorders can affect muscles through genetic, infectious or injury causes and include muscular dystrophy, myopathies, chronic fatigue syndrome and compartment syndrome.
muscle Histo.ppt
This document summarizes the key characteristics of the three main types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Smooth muscle is involuntary and found within organs and blood vessels. Cardiac muscle is striated and autorhythmic, found only in the heart. The document describes similarities and differences in histology, structure, and function between the three muscle types.
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Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated and found only in the heart, contracting involuntarily to pump blood. Smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary, surrounding internal organs to aid processes like digestion and blood flow. All three muscle types contract through the sliding filament mechanism of actin and myosin but differ in structure, control, and function.
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The muscular system is a complex network of tissues and organs responsible for movement, stability, and heat generation in the human body. Comprising more than 600 individual muscles, it enables various functions, including locomotion, posture maintenance, breathing, and circulation assistance. Muscles are composed of muscle fibers, which are elongated cells capable of contracting and relaxing to generate force. Skeletal muscles, attached to bones via tendons, facilitate voluntary movements, such as walking and lifting objects, under conscious control. Smooth muscles, found in organs like the digestive tract and blood vessels, perform involuntary functions like peristalsis and regulating blood flow. Cardiac muscle, exclusively present in the heart, sustains its rhythmic contractions to pump blood throughout the body. The muscular system works in coordination with the skeletal, nervous, and circulatory systems to ensure efficient movement and overall bodily function. Regular exercise and proper nutrition are essential for maintaining muscular health and strength throughout life.
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The Muscular System
By Thiru murugan. M
The Muscular system:
Types and structure of muscles
Muscle groups: muscles of the head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, upper limb and lower limbs
Principal muscles: deltoid, biceps, triceps, respiratory, abdominal, pelvic floor, pelvic floor muscles, gluteal muscles and vastus lateralis
Major muscles involved in nursing procedures
Muscle:
Muscle is a soft tissue and it is one of the 4 basic tissues, along with nervous tissue, epithelium, and connective tissue.
Muscles helps in movement, support and protection of internal organs.
Muscles can perform variety of functions
Muscles tissue is made up of cells called “MYOCYTES” or muscle fibers.
There are more than 600 muscles in the human body. A kind of elastic tissue makes up each muscle, which consists of thousands, or tens of thousands, of small muscle fibers.
Types of Muscles: There are 3 main types of muscles
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle:
These are having close relationship to the bone or skeleton, so called Skeletal muscles
It present in limbs and related body parts & It form about 40% of body weight.
Under microscope the skeletal muscles fibers shows prominent striations, so called “Striated Muscles” & It is also known as “Voluntary Muscles” (movements are under our control)
Structure of Skeletal muscle:
Muscle fibers shows transverse striations under light microscope so it is called “striated muscles”
The nucleus is located peripherally.
Each skeletal muscle is an organ that consists of numerous cells called muscle fibers.
Each muscle fibers surrounded by “ Endomysium”
Inside each skeletal muscle, muscle fibers are organized into bundles, called fascicles, each fascicle surrounded by perimysium.
The whole muscle is covered by “epimysium”
Each skeletal muscle has three layers: endomysium, perimysium and epimysium
Muscle fibers:
Muscle is composed of many long cylindrical-shaped elongated fibres called muscle fibers
Length varies according to the size and shape of the muscles.
The actual arrangement of the fibres depending on the function of the muscle.
Each muscle fibers covered by a membrane is called the sarcolemma.
The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber is called Sarcoplasm
In sarcoplasm there are many mitochondria and bundles of fine longitudinal thread like part is called “myofibrils”
Microscopic structure of myofibrils:
A myofibril (also known as a muscle fibril or sarcostyle) is a basic rod-like part of a muscle cell.
Muscles are composed of tubular cells called myocytes, known as muscle fibres in striated muscle, and these cells in turn contain many chains of myofibrils.
They are created during embryonic development in a process known as myogenesis.
Under light microscope each myofibril consist of 2 bands:
Light band or “I” Band & Dark band or “A” Band
The alternating pattern of these bands results in the striated appearance of skeletal muscle.
Light band or “I” Band:
The I-bands (isotropic in polarize
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The document discusses the three main types of muscle tissue in the body: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle is voluntarily controlled and attached to bones, cardiac muscle makes up the heart wall and contracts involuntarily, and smooth muscle lines organs and controls involuntary functions like digestion. Each type has distinct characteristics at the cellular level in terms of shape, structure, nucleus number, and speed and control of contraction that relate to their different functions in the body.
Muscular system
The muscular system is composed of three types of muscles - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and control voluntary movement. Smooth muscles are found in internal organs and blood vessels and contract involuntarily. Cardiac muscle makes up the heart and contracts rhythmically and involuntarily. The main functions of muscles are contraction to enable movement and maintain posture, joint stability, and heat production.
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Muscle is a soft tissue, one of the four basic types of animal tissue. Muscle tissue gives skeletal muscles the ability to contract. Muscle is formed during embryonic development, in a process known as myogenesis. Muscle tissue contains special contractile proteins called actin and myosin which interact to cause movement. Among many other muscle proteins present are two regulatory proteins, troponin and tropomyosin.
Muscle tissue varies with function and location in the body. In vertebrates the three types are: skeletal or striated; smooth muscle (non-striated) muscle; and cardiac muscle.[1] Skeletal muscle tissue consists of elongated, multinucleate muscle cells called muscle fibers, and is responsible for movements of the body. Other tissues in skeletal muscle include tendons and perimysium.[citation needed] Smooth and cardiac muscle contract involuntarily, without conscious intervention. These muscle types may be activated both through the interaction of the central nervous system as well as by receiving innervation from peripheral plexus or endocrine (hormonal) activation. Striated or skeletal muscle only contracts voluntarily, upon the influence of the central nervous system. Reflexes are a form of non-conscious activation of skeletal muscles, but nonetheless arise through activation of the central nervous system, albeit not engaging cortical structures until after the contraction has occurred.
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The muscular system consists of over 600 muscles that make up around 40% of body mass. There are three main types of muscle - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and attached to bones, enabling movement. It has striations and contains fascicles and fibers. Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in organs, while cardiac muscle is only in the heart and pumps blood. Muscles contract through motor neurons stimulating the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Contraction enables functions like movement, posture, and heat production.
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This document summarizes the key characteristics of the three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary. It appears striped due to alternating dark and light bands. Smooth muscle is involuntary and not striated. It lacks striations and has myofilaments that run in all directions. Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary. It is found only in the heart. It has intercalated discs that allow communication between cells.
Topic 5 Muscular System
a compiled resources mainly to facilitate learning outcomes
Identify types of muscle tissues
Describe types of skeletal system
Identify human skeletal system
Identify the component of human musculo-skeletal system
Explain how muscle contracts
Describe muscle and bone relationships
Muscle Types: Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac
Explore the diverse world of muscles, including skeletal, smooth, and cardiac types. Learn about their functions, anatomy, nerve supply, and importance in clinical assessment. Discover how muscles work together to produce movement and understand the implications of muscle tone, attachments, and shape. Gain insights into cardiac muscle necrosis and its consequences.
General Anatomy of Muscles and action.pptx
anatomy of Muscles, type of muscles Bundle of fibrous tissue in animal/human body that has ability to contract and produce movement on joints and the body as a whole.
Composed of muscular tissue, have cells and intercellular substance.
Elongated cells of muscular tissue, referred to as muscle fibers.
Cells of muscular tissues are called myocytes.
Skeletal muscles; because of its attachment to skeleton
Smooth muscles; because of its microscopic structure
Cardiac muscles; because of its location in the body
Most abundant, 40% of total body weight
Under microscope, skeletal muscle fibers are seen as elongated, non-branching, multinucleated cells that show transversely arranged alternating dark and light band.
Also called; striated muscles, somatic muscle and voluntary muscles.
Smooth muscle fiber is a long, slender, spindle-shaped cell containing a single nucleus, which is located in the central wider part of cells
Forms sheet in the walls of the hollow organs
Also called; visceral muscles, non- striated muscles, involuntary muscles
Cardiac muscle fibers are made up of short, cylindrical segments(cells) joined end to end by intercellular junctions.
Show cross-striation due to alternating light and dark bands
Involuntary muscle supplied by autonomic nervous system
Fascia
Connective tissue component of Muscles
Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium
Tendon
aponeurosis
Muscle with fiber parallel to the line of pull
Muscle with fiber oblique to the line of pull
Spiral muscles
Cruciate muscles
Circular muscles
Flat muscles undergo a twist as they pass through there broad origin to narrow insertion
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
These muscles consist of two planes of fibers arranged in different directions, so that plane of fiber cross each other
When an agonist crosses more than one joint, unwanted movement at the proximal joint is prevented by the contraction of synergist muscle.
Partial antagonist of prime mover
The group of muscles which stabilize the proximal joints of a limb, so that the desired movement at a distal joint may occur fixed base
(prime movers) are those which contract to produce specific movement
Are those muscle which oppose specific movement at joint. Antagonist muscles helps to make the desired movement smooth, steady and precise
Are those muscle which oppose specific movement at joint. Antagonist muscles helps to make the desired movement smooth, steady and precise
Muscu
The muscular system is composed of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle tissues that work together to control movement and maintain posture. The major functions of the muscular system are body movement, respiration, heat production, communication and organ/vessel constriction. Disorders can affect muscles through genetic, infectious or injury causes and include muscular dystrophy, myopathies, chronic fatigue syndrome and compartment syndrome.
muscle Histo.ppt
This document summarizes the key characteristics of the three main types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Smooth muscle is involuntary and found within organs and blood vessels. Cardiac muscle is striated and autorhythmic, found only in the heart. The document describes similarities and differences in histology, structure, and function between the three muscle types.
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REFERENCE 11-MUSCULAR SYSTEM.pptx
- 1. Anatomy & Physiology I Unit 8: Muscular System Review
- 2. Did you know that ? - more than 50% of body weight is muscle !
- 3. Three types of muscle Skeletal Cardiac Smooth
- 4. Classification of muscle Voluntary Involuntary Limbs Heart Viscera Striated Non-striated Skeletal Cardiac Smooth Note: Control, Location and Structure
- 5. Skeletal muscle • Large muscles • Maintain posture • Facilitate locomotion • Move jointed bones • Found in antagonistic pairs • Joined to bones by tendons
- 6. Structure of skeletal muscle • Each cell (fibre) is long and cylindrical • Muscle fibres are multi-nucleated • Typically 50-60mm in diameter, and up to 10cm long • The contractile elements of skeletal muscle cells are myofibrils
- 7. Skeletal muscle - Summary • Voluntary movement of skeletal parts • Spans joints and attached to skeleton • Multi-nucleated, striated, cylindrical fibres
- 8. Cardiac muscle • Main muscle of heart • Pumping mass of heart • Critical in humans • Heart muscle cells behave as one unit • Heart always contracts to it’s full extent
- 9. Structure of cardiac muscle • Cardiac muscle cells (fibres) are short, branched and interconnected • Cells are striated & multi-nucleated • Adjacent cardiac cells joined via electrical synapses (gap junctions) • These gap junctions appear as dark lines when viewed under LM, and are called intercalated discs
- 10. Cardiac muscle - Summary • Found in the heart • Involuntary rhythmic contraction • Branched, striated fibre with single nucleus and intercalated discs
- 11. Smooth muscle • Lines walls of viscera • Found in longitudinal or circular arrangement • Alternate contraction of circular & longitudinal muscle in the intestine leads to peristalsis
- 12. Structure of smooth muscle • Spindle shaped uni-nucleated cells • Striations not observed • Actin and myosin filaments are present • Ratio of thin-to-thick filaments is 16:1 (in striated muscle this is 2:1) • Myosin filaments are attached to dense bodies at the end of each cell
- 13. Smooth muscle - Summary • Found in walls of hollow internal organs • Involuntary movement of internal organs • Elongated, spindle shaped fibre with single nucleus
- 14. Muscle Control Type of muscle Nervous control Type of control Example Skeletal Skeletal Controlled by CNS Voluntary Lifting a glass Cardiac Regulated by ANS Involuntary Heart beating Smooth Controlled by ANS Involuntary Peristalsis