1. Afforestation involves planting trees on land that was not recently forested to restore ecological balance, maintain biodiversity, prevent soil erosion and stabilize climate. 2. India's forest cover is only 19.45% of land despite afforestation programs, showing the need for improved management. An optimal afforestation mix and innovative marketing can make programs more productive and achieve environmental and economic goals. 3. Social forestry benefits rural development by providing fuel, fodder and timber while protecting farmland and creating jobs through community and farm forestry. Promoting awareness among masses is critical to its success.

1. AFFORESTATION