This document discusses using TV white spaces to help achieve the vision of Digital India by providing rural broadband connectivity. TV white spaces refer to unused portions of spectrum in the VHF and UHF bands that have been freed up due to the digital transition of TV broadcasting. This spectrum has good propagation characteristics for rural areas, allowing for long range and non-line-of-sight connections. The document outlines ongoing trials of TV white spaces in various countries and provides an overview of the IEEE 802.22 and 802.11af standards. It discusses how TV white spaces could deliver high-speed broadband and help improve education, healthcare, agriculture and other services in rural India, but challenges like antenna size and protecting existing broadcasts must be addressed

1. PRESENTEBY
MANJUSHREE MASHAL

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3.  Digital India: Status, Potential, Hurdles
 TV White Space
 Making “Digital India” a reality
 How “Digital India” can be “Made in India”
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4.  Internet access to each house, school, hospital, farmer and
business in every single village in India!
How connectivity will improve quality of life in rural India
 Education (IIM-Bangalore’s interactive education program)
 Healthcare (IISc Infant health monitoring system)
 E-Governance (IIM-Bangalore e-Seva program)
 Agriculture (Krishi Vikas Kendra and Farmer access to pricing)
 E-Banking & E-commerce (Jan-Dhan Yojana & selling/buying)
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Digital India: Vision

5. Digital Connectivity Status
 Good connectivity in Urban/Semi-urban areas
 Good rural connectivity till the switching office/exchange!
 Every Block/Taluka exchange (BSNL) has an Optical Fiber that can
provide 2.5 Gbps data rate
 NOFN will extend the Fiber to 2.5 Lakh Gram Panchayats (GP)
 NOFN is a great launch-pad for Digital India…….
 But Digital India is not realized till every user in every village is
reached!
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Rural Broadband: Hurdles
Last Mile connectivity to village households, schools etc. not addressed
by NOFN
Laying fiber to 2.5 Lakh GP‟s has Right of Way issues, Hilly terrain in
many places
Remaining 3.5 Lakh villages not covered by NOFN
Typical‟ Gram Panchayat needs connectivity for
4 schools, 1 Public Health Center, 1 Krushi Vikas Kendra, 1 e-
Governance center, 2 e-Kiosks and 500 households
How do you reach these economically?

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INTRODUCTION TO TVWS

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Definition
TV white spaces are the portions of spectrum left unused by
broadcasting, also referred to as interleaved spectrum.
TV White Spaces are created especially by efficient spectrum
utilization of the digital broadcasting.
Governed by Standards
IEEE 802.22 and 802.11af

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International implementation/trials of
TV White Spaces
Americas: USA, Canada
Europe: UK, EU
Asia: Singapore, India
Africa: Kenya, South Africa

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Why TV White Space?
Technical issue: RF signals > 1GHz NOT suited for > 2Km range.
Sub-GHz signal travels longer distances & bends around obstacles.
Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) operation possible.
The transition from analog TV transmissions to digital TV frees up
large amounts of frequencies in VHF and UHF bands.
Frequencies in VHF and UHF bands are very attractive from network
point-of-view. Possible to cover large areas with small amount of base
stations, which lowers network building costs.
TV signal quite stable and easy to predict, which helps in interference
control.

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TV Whitespace for Rural Broadband
TV Spectrum (300 – 700 MHz)
Long Distance Coverage (30km*)
High Penetration (works indoors, through dense foliage, etc.)
Non Line of Sight (NLOS)
2-way high Speed Connection (20Mbps/6MHz; 1Gbps/300MHz)
Scalable
Lower Power Consumption
Economical

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TV White Space Standards: IEEE 802.22
and 802.11af
802.22 and 802.11af are two standards for TVWS data
communication
Configurable as Point to Point or Point to Multi-point
Applications: Broadband, Backhaul, Smart Cities, Extend range of
WiFi
Use 802.22 for covering long distances
Up to 30 km ,Requires dedicated CPEs
Use 802.11af for short distances (<2km) Requires low cost
dedicated CPEs

16.  India can not only make for India but supply this technology to the
World!
 Huge markets all around the world from US to Nigeria
 India leads in 802.22 & TV White Space!
 Contributions to IEEE 802.22 standards committee
 IIT-Bombay, IIT-Hyderabad, IIT-Madras have done pioneering
work and are collaborating on TV White Spaces and rural
broadband
 Saankhya Labs is the first company world-wide developing
Modems and Base Stations for TV White Space based on 802.22
standard .
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 Antenna needs to be physically large to capture
 Protecting existing TV operators requires a strict limit
on out-of-band emissions thus only able to use a portion
of the channel bandwidth
 Impulse noise in the low VHF 54 to 88 MHz area
 Weather ducting can occur occasionally in VHF

18.  Digital India provides a strong case for India to use TV White
Space
 TV Whitespace is best-suited for Last-Mile Rural Broadband
connectivity
 Most countries have TV White Space policies to enable social
causes
 Indian company pioneering TVWS solution for World Markets
 Unique opportunity to create a “Digital India” using “Make in
India”

19. 1. PUTTING UNUSED TV SPECTRUM TO USE:
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN CREATING A
“DIGITAL INDIA” Hemant Mallapur ,Co-Founder and VP of
Engineering, Saankhya Labs
2. TV white space test environment for emerging spectrum
sharing opportunities Jarkko Paavola (Turku University of
Applied Sciences – TUAS) @ FRUCT conference in Oulu
3. TV White Spaces ,Ilham Ghazi ,Radiocommunication Bureau

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