Presentation by Vish Nene at the 12th Biennial Conference of the Society for Tropical Veterinary Medicine (STVM) and the VIII International Conference on Ticks and Tick-borne Pathogens (TTP-8) Cape Town, South Africa 24 to 29 August 2014.
VIRUSES structure and classification ppt by Dr.Prince C P
ILRI animal vaccine research targets priority diseases
1. Current and future animal vaccine
research activities at ILRI
Vish Nene
8 International Congress on Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens (TTP8)
and 12 Biennial Conference, South Africa, 24-29 August 2014
2. Priority diseases targeted by the ILRI Vaccine
Biosciences group
Vaccines save lives and livestock and contribute to food security
and poverty alleviation
African swine fever (ASF) – swine
African disease threatens the global $150 billion/year pig industry
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) – cattle
Regional losses to CBPP amount to ~ $60 million/year
East Coast fever (ECF) – cattle
Regional losses exceed $300 million/year; kills ~ 1million cattle/year
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) – small ruminants
Losses in Kenya alone amount to ~ $13 million/year
Rift Valley Fever (RVF) – small ruminants, cattle and human
2006/7 outbreak in Kenya cost ~ $30 million
o 309 human cases in Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania; 140 deaths
Diagnostics are key components of a vaccine program
New and more user-friendly tests – evidence based control programs
3. ILRI’s vaccine R & D pathway to impact
Disease selec on Lead vaccine molecules Vaccine op miza on Scaled-up produc on Delivery
Target product profile Phase I, II, III trials Regulatory processes Con nued monitoring
ILRI’s comparative advantage is mainly in the discovery phase to proof-of-principle
under laboratory and field conditions.
Different entry points in pathway depending on disease targeted for control.
Improvement of existing vaccines
Development of subunit vaccines
Laboratory and field based diagnostics
Marke ng
Market
assessment
Proof-of-principle
laboratory/field
Clinical
development
Manufacturing
Product development Research partnerships partnerships
NARS, Universi es, ARIs, Regional and
sub-regional R&D organiza ons, PPP
PPP, Private sector, Regional networks, FAO, OIE, PANVAC,
AU-IBAR, NARs, NGOs
4. ILVAC – planting the orchard (ilvac.net)
Vaccines are difficult to make and take time
BASIC RESEARCH
Increase our knowledge base
“Knowledge lays the founda on
for science & innova on”
APPLIED RESEARCH
Develop new vaccines & diagnos cs
“Vaccines are highly effec ve an -
disease interven ons”
u Study host-pathogen interac ons
u Map immune responses to infec on
u Characterize pathogen virulence
u Inves gate disease epidemiology
u Dissect pathogen biology &
diversity
u Iden fy candidate vaccine and
diagnos c molecules
u Assess candidate vaccine molecules
u Assess a enuated pathogens
u Thermo-stabilize vaccines
u Develop easy to use diagnos c tools
u Assess different vaccina on
systems
u Facilitate transla on of research
outputs to commercial products
5. ILVAC - vaccine technologies (ilvac.net)
Establish key principles in livestock vaccinology and capacity
ILVAC – a vaccine pla orm
An body technologies
Cellular technologies
Vaccine formula ons
Genomic technologies
Diagnos c technologies
Contagious bovine
pleuropneumonia
East Coast fever
African swine fever
Consor a for research & product development and capacity development
Private sector
GALVmed
CRPs
NARS
Inter-gov
agencies
Improved vaccines and
diagnos c tools
Peste des pe s ruminants
Ri Valley fever
Infec ous disease research:
primary & applied
7. Better lives through livestock
ilri.org
The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.
Editor's Notes
Animals like humans suffer from infectious diseases
There are existing vaccines against all these diseases expect ASF, but they are all sub-optimal in nature.
ASF – no vaccine. Current control through diagnostics and slaughter; approach not viable in developing countries. Enhancing biosecurity can help.
CBPP – duration of immunity is short lived and can cause side reactions
ECF – live vaccine difficult to manufacture, needs liquid nitrogen cold chain and oxytetracycline co-treatment and costs 8~12 $/dose
RVF – vaccine can cause abortions in sheep; difficult to know when to vaccinate because of epidemic nature of disease; human vaccine not available.