This document summarizes key aspects of traffic engineering, including traffic volume studies, traffic controlling devices, road signs, and markings. It defines traffic volume studies as surveys that count the number of vehicles and pedestrians crossing sections of road over time. The purposes of traffic volume studies include planning, designing, and regulating traffic as well as structural road design. Traffic controlling devices like road signs, markings, signals, and traffic islands are used to avoid accidents and ensure efficient traffic flow. Regulatory, warning, and informational signs help control traffic. Markings include lines and symbols applied to roads to guide and inform drivers.

1. Government Engineering College, Bhavnagar.
Civil Engineering Department

2. Highway Engineering
Topic :- TRAFFIC ENGINEERING

3. Contents
Introduction
Traffic Volume Study
Purpose of study of traffic volume
Traffic Controlling Devices
Road signs
Markings

4. Introduction
It is very important that traffic flow on roads should
be efficient safe and rapid.
Traffic engineering is the branch which deals with
science of measuring traffic, designing and operating
system to achieve Safe and efficient movements of
person and goods.

5. Introduction
 To analyze the characteristics, traffic studies are made, studies
are as follows:
1. Traffic volume study
2. Speed study
3. Origin and destination
4. Parking study
5. Accident studies

6. TRAFFIC VOLUME STUDY
It is defined as the survey of number
Of number of vehicle and pedestrians
Crossing section of road per unit during
Any selected period.

7. Purpose of study of traffic volume
Establish relative importance of any road.
Planning, designing and regulation of traffic.
Structural design of road.
Planning and design of new streets.
Establishment properties and schedules for traffic
improvements.
Design of intersection and other control devices.

8. Traffic Controlling Devices
The arrangements or the provision made to the road
users so as to avoid accidents on the roads and for
the free and effective traffic flow are known as traffic
controlling devices.

9. Traffic controlling devices
Generally following four devices are provided on
road to control the traffic:
1. Road signs
2. Markings
3. Signals
4. Traffic islands

10. Road signs
 Roads signs are provided to warn, direct and guide the road
users. They are in the form of symbols or inscription. They are
mounted on fixed or portable supports and are placed on the
side of roads.

11. Further road signs are classified in three
categories
Regulatory or mandatory signs.
 Warning or caution signs.
 Informatory or guiding signs.

12. Regulators or mandatory signs
 These signs are used to inform the road users, certain rules and
regulations which has to notice for safe and free flow of traffic.
 Some of the regulatory signs are:
1. Give way and stop signs:

13. Prohibitory signs

14. Speed limit and vehicle control signs

15. No parking, no stopping signs

16. Warning or cautionary signs
These are signs used to warn road users of certain
hazardous conditions either on or adjacent to the
road ways, so that the motorist becomes cautious
and may take the desired action.

17. The various warnings signs used are

18. Informatory sign

19. Informatory sign
 These are road signs used to guide road users along route,
inform them about destination and distance ,and provide
other information so as to make the road travel easier and
safe.
 An informatory sign usually consist of a rectangular board of
specified size. In case of facility information signs, the size of
rectangle shall be 800mm x 600mm for normal signs and the
size of square shall be 400mm and 300mm.

20. Informatory sign

21. Markings
 Traffic markings are the lines, patterns, words, symbols or
reflectors applied to the carriage way, curbs, sides of islands
or to fixed objects near the road way.
 The objects of the traffic marking is to warn , inform and
guide the road users. They are made by using prints in
contrast with colours and brightness on pavements or other
background. Ordinary paints like oil paints are used for road
markings.

22. Markings

23. Bhavik Shah – 130210106049
Digvijay Solanki – 130210106055
Kartik Hingol – 130210106030
Nitin Charel – 130210106011
Thank You For Bearing