Total quality management (TQM) is defined as managing the whole organization to achieve excellence. TQM focuses on constant improvement, employee involvement, fact-based management, customer value, implementation of actions, and partnership. The Kaizen methodology analyzes pain areas through small experiments rather than large preplanning. It uses a checklist of 5Ms - Man, Machine, Material, Method, Measurements. The 3Ms of Kaizen are Muda (waste), Mura (inconsistencies), and Muri (physical strain), which Kaizen aims to remove. Key elements of Kaizen include teamwork, discipline, morale, quality circles, and suggestions for improvement.