The document discusses case studies of implementing total quality management (TQM) at higher education institutions. It provides examples of 3 universities that implemented TQM: 1) The University College of Borås which conducted a quality assessment and found a need for explicit quality processes. 2) King University in Saudi Arabia which developed a TQM model with a plan-do-check-act cycle. 3) Abdul Aziz University in Saudi Arabia which incorporated TQM into its strategic plan and saw educational and administrative improvements. Overall, the conclusion is that TQM practices like customer focus, fact-based decisions, continuous improvement, and benchmarking can improve university performance.