Tour of the cell
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The document compares and contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are simpler without organelles and have their DNA found in the nucleoid region. Eukaryotic cells are more complex with DNA enclosed in the nucleus and contain organelles like the ribosomes. The key difference is that prokaryotes lack a nuclear membrane and internal organelles while eukaryotes have these structures.
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nucleus
The nucleus was discovered in 1831 by Robert Brown. It is the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells, typically measuring 11-22 micrometers in diameter. The nucleus contains the cell's chromosomes, which are composed of DNA and protein. DNA contains the genetic information needed to build and organize cells.
Cells
Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions, unlike prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having DNA contained within a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and a cytoplasm divided into the region inside and outside the nucleus. In contrast, prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and organelles, and have their DNA located in the nucleoid region of the cytoplasm. A eukaryotic cell uses internal membranes to partition the cell into membrane-bound organelles that carry out specialized functions.
The nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains most of the cell's DNA. It directs all activities inside the cell like growth, metabolism, and cell division. The nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane nuclear envelope that contains nuclear pores to regulate what enters and exits. Inside the nucleus is chromatin containing DNA, as well as the nucleolus for producing ribosomes. The nuclear lamina lies beneath the inner nuclear membrane and provides structure.
nucleus of cell.
The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material. It is enclosed by a double membrane and contains chromosomes, chromatin, and the nucleolus. The nuclear membrane acts as a barrier between the cell's cytoplasm and the materials inside the nucleus. Nuclear pores allow selective transport of molecules through the nuclear membrane. The nucleolus produces ribosomal RNA and is involved in protein synthesis. Chromatin contains DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during cell division. The document provides details on the structure and functions of the nucleus and its components.
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Nucleus
The nucleus is the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells, taking up about 10% of the cell volume. It houses most of the cell's DNA and controls its metabolic and hereditary activities. The nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Inside the nucleus are nucleoplasm, nucleolus, and chromatin containing the cell's chromosomes. The nuclear envelope, nuclear lamina, and nuclear pores play important roles in controlling nuclear structure and transport.
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This is an Apple Keynote presentation on the anatomy of plant and animal cells. I have made it really easy to navigate. Please not that I do not own any of the images, and I have referenced them all.
The cell nucleus
The nucleus is a spherical organelle found in eukaryotic cells that was first discovered by Leeuwenhoek and described in more detail by Robert Brown. It accounts for about 10% of the cell's volume and ranges from 2-5 micrometers in diameter. The nucleus contains genetic material, is surrounded by a double membrane with nuclear pores, and acts as the control center of the cell by storing hereditary material and producing ribosomes and RNA.
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nucleus
The nucleus was discovered in 1831 by Robert Brown. It is the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells, typically measuring 11-22 micrometers in diameter. The nucleus contains the cell's chromosomes, which are composed of DNA and protein. DNA contains the genetic information needed to build and organize cells.
Cells
Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions, unlike prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having DNA contained within a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and a cytoplasm divided into the region inside and outside the nucleus. In contrast, prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and organelles, and have their DNA located in the nucleoid region of the cytoplasm. A eukaryotic cell uses internal membranes to partition the cell into membrane-bound organelles that carry out specialized functions.
The nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains most of the cell's DNA. It directs all activities inside the cell like growth, metabolism, and cell division. The nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane nuclear envelope that contains nuclear pores to regulate what enters and exits. Inside the nucleus is chromatin containing DNA, as well as the nucleolus for producing ribosomes. The nuclear lamina lies beneath the inner nuclear membrane and provides structure.
nucleus of cell.
The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material. It is enclosed by a double membrane and contains chromosomes, chromatin, and the nucleolus. The nuclear membrane acts as a barrier between the cell's cytoplasm and the materials inside the nucleus. Nuclear pores allow selective transport of molecules through the nuclear membrane. The nucleolus produces ribosomal RNA and is involved in protein synthesis. Chromatin contains DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during cell division. The document provides details on the structure and functions of the nucleus and its components.
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Nucleus
The nucleus is the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells, taking up about 10% of the cell volume. It houses most of the cell's DNA and controls its metabolic and hereditary activities. The nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Inside the nucleus are nucleoplasm, nucleolus, and chromatin containing the cell's chromosomes. The nuclear envelope, nuclear lamina, and nuclear pores play important roles in controlling nuclear structure and transport.
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The cell nucleus
The nucleus is a spherical organelle found in eukaryotic cells that was first discovered by Leeuwenhoek and described in more detail by Robert Brown. It accounts for about 10% of the cell's volume and ranges from 2-5 micrometers in diameter. The nucleus contains genetic material, is surrounded by a double membrane with nuclear pores, and acts as the control center of the cell by storing hereditary material and producing ribosomes and RNA.
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The document summarizes the structure and function of the cell nucleus. It discusses the following key points:
1) The nucleus contains DNA packaged into chromosomes, which are further packaged into nucleosomes and condensed at different levels.
2) Nuclear DNA is replicated and transcribed within the nucleus. Nuclear pores regulate movement of molecules in and out of the nucleus.
3) Nuclear receptors are proteins that act as transcription factors after binding hormone ligands, regulating gene expression.
Nucleus
1. The nuclear envelope possesses nuclear pores that allow for transport of materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
2. The nuclear pores contain annuli, which are circular structures that the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope fuse through.
3. The nuclear envelope separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm and regulates transport while protecting the DNA.
Nucleus martin
The plasma membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell. There are three main ways drugs pass through:
1) Passive diffusion - Lipid-soluble drugs pass directly through the membrane.
2) Facilitated diffusion - Carrier proteins transport specific molecules like glucose.
3) Active transport - Energy-dependent pumps move molecules against a concentration gradient.
Difference between Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane, contain organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, and are generally larger than prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most organelles, have only a single chromosome, and are generally unicellular. Key differences include eukaryotic cells having a nucleus with a nuclear membrane, multiple chromosomes, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, and being generally larger and multicellular compared to prokaryotic cells which lack most organelles and a nucleus.
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Cell nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains most of the cell's genetic material. It is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope, which contains nuclear pores that regulate the transport of molecules into and out of the nucleus. The nucleus contains DNA organized into chromosomes, and functions to control gene expression and maintain the integrity of genetic material. Other structures in the nucleus include the nucleolus, which is involved in ribosome assembly, and various subnuclear bodies that perform different functions.
Nucleus1
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains DNA and controls metabolic and genetic activities. It is enclosed by a double nuclear membrane with nuclear pores that allow transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus contains DNA, RNA, proteins, and enzymes. It varies in shape and size depending on the cell but is usually located in the center. The nucleus has an outer and inner membrane, nuclear lamina, nucleoplasm, chromatin fibers, and one or more nucleoli. The nucleolus synthesizes ribosomes. The nuclear envelope separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates transport through nuclear pores.
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The document provides information about the nucleus and its components. It discusses that the nucleus is a prominent organelle found in eukaryotic cells that controls cellular activity. It describes the various structures of the nucleus including the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear pores. The nuclear envelope forms the boundary of the nucleus and contains nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin and the nucleolus are also described along with their roles in packaging DNA and synthesizing RNA, respectively.
ultra structure of nucleus
Nucleus” is a Latin word meaning Kernel
It is the “CONTROL CENTER” of the cell
Average diameter of nucleus is 6um, which occupies around 10% of cell volume
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Pores and complex
Nuclear lamina
Chromosomes & Chromatin
Nucleolus
Nucleoplasm
Functions of nucleus
The nucleus has several key functions and structures that allow it to control the cell. The nuclear membrane separates the nuclear material from the cytoplasm and regulates what passes in and out through nuclear pores. Within the nucleus are nucleoli, which produce ribosomes, and chromosomes, which contain DNA and genes that control cell activities and inheritance.
Nuclear envelope
The nuclear envelope consists of two nuclear membranes, the nuclear lamina, and nuclear pore complexes. It separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm and provides structure to the nucleus. The nuclear lamina lies between the inner and outer nuclear membranes and is composed of intermediate filaments and associated proteins. Nuclear pore complexes are large protein structures that allow transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Plant cells
The document lists the major organelles found in eukaryotic cells including the chloroplast, mitochondria, cell membrane, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, and ribosomes. It provides an interactive diagram where users can click on each organelle to activate its name and get more details by hovering over the name and clicking. The document also contains vocabulary terms related to cells, organisms, and microscopy.
Nucleus of a cell
The document discusses the key parts of a cell's nucleus. It describes the nucleus as the cell's "CPU" that stores DNA and coordinates the cell's activities. The nucleus contains chromosomes that hold the cell's genetic information. Within the nucleus are the nucleolus, which manufactures ribosomes, and the nuclear envelope and pores, which regulate passage between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus controls critical cell functions like growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
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The nucleus controls protein synthesis in the cytoplasm by containing DNA which codes for the amino acids that make up polypeptide chains. Cilia and flagella are related to their function of locomotion - flagella are clusters of microtubule extensions of the plasma membrane while cilia are projections of the plasma membrane that increase surface area and motility.
The cell nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that controls all cell activity. It contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA and is the site of DNA replication and transcription. The nucleus is enclosed by a nuclear envelope containing nuclear pores that regulate movement of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin in the nucleus packages DNA and participates in gene expression. The nucleolus forms within the nucleus and produces ribosomes.
Nucleus Structure
The document discusses the key components and structure of the nucleus. It notes that the nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is located at the center of most cells, where it controls cell activities and houses genetic material. The nucleus contains a double-layered nuclear envelope that encloses chromosomes, nucleolus, and nucleoplasm. Chromosomes contain DNA that provides genetic instructions, while the nucleolus produces ribosomes and the nucleoplasm is a liquid found within the nuclear envelope.
Chapter 6
Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles and have DNA in the nucleoid, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus bounded by a nuclear envelope that contains DNA, as well as other membrane-bound organelles. The endomembrane system, including the nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles and plasma membrane, works together to transport materials within the cell.
Cell Structure and Function
Here is a mind map of the major structures found in a typical eukaryotic cell:
Cell Membranes
- Plasma Membrane
- Nuclear Envelope
Organelles
- Nucleus
- Nucleolus
- Chromatin
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Rough ER
- Smooth ER
- Golgi Apparatus
- Lysosomes
- Mitochondria
- Chloroplasts (in plant cells)
- Vacuoles (in plant and fungal cells)
- Cytoskeleton
- Microtubules
- Microfilaments
- Intermediate Filaments
Other Structures
- Ribosomes
- Centros
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The document summarizes the structure and function of the cell nucleus. It discusses the following key points:
1) The nucleus contains DNA packaged into chromosomes, which are further packaged into nucleosomes and condensed at different levels.
2) Nuclear DNA is replicated and transcribed within the nucleus. Nuclear pores regulate movement of molecules in and out of the nucleus.
3) Nuclear receptors are proteins that act as transcription factors after binding hormone ligands, regulating gene expression.
Nucleus
1. The nuclear envelope possesses nuclear pores that allow for transport of materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
2. The nuclear pores contain annuli, which are circular structures that the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope fuse through.
3. The nuclear envelope separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm and regulates transport while protecting the DNA.
Nucleus martin
The plasma membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell. There are three main ways drugs pass through:
1) Passive diffusion - Lipid-soluble drugs pass directly through the membrane.
2) Facilitated diffusion - Carrier proteins transport specific molecules like glucose.
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Difference between Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane, contain organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, and are generally larger than prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most organelles, have only a single chromosome, and are generally unicellular. Key differences include eukaryotic cells having a nucleus with a nuclear membrane, multiple chromosomes, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, and being generally larger and multicellular compared to prokaryotic cells which lack most organelles and a nucleus.
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Nucleus1
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains DNA and controls metabolic and genetic activities. It is enclosed by a double nuclear membrane with nuclear pores that allow transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus contains DNA, RNA, proteins, and enzymes. It varies in shape and size depending on the cell but is usually located in the center. The nucleus has an outer and inner membrane, nuclear lamina, nucleoplasm, chromatin fibers, and one or more nucleoli. The nucleolus synthesizes ribosomes. The nuclear envelope separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates transport through nuclear pores.
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The document provides an overview of cells, including their history, structures, organelles, differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and functions of key organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, cell membrane, and cell wall. It describes the key discoveries in cell biology by Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, and developments in microscopy. The three main points of the cell theory are that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function, and new cells are produced from existing cells.
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The document provides information about the nucleus and its components. It discusses that the nucleus is a prominent organelle found in eukaryotic cells that controls cellular activity. It describes the various structures of the nucleus including the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear pores. The nuclear envelope forms the boundary of the nucleus and contains nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin and the nucleolus are also described along with their roles in packaging DNA and synthesizing RNA, respectively.
ultra structure of nucleus
Nucleus” is a Latin word meaning Kernel
It is the “CONTROL CENTER” of the cell
Average diameter of nucleus is 6um, which occupies around 10% of cell volume
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Pores and complex
Nuclear lamina
Chromosomes & Chromatin
Nucleolus
Nucleoplasm
Functions of nucleus
The nucleus has several key functions and structures that allow it to control the cell. The nuclear membrane separates the nuclear material from the cytoplasm and regulates what passes in and out through nuclear pores. Within the nucleus are nucleoli, which produce ribosomes, and chromosomes, which contain DNA and genes that control cell activities and inheritance.
Nuclear envelope
The nuclear envelope consists of two nuclear membranes, the nuclear lamina, and nuclear pore complexes. It separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm and provides structure to the nucleus. The nuclear lamina lies between the inner and outer nuclear membranes and is composed of intermediate filaments and associated proteins. Nuclear pore complexes are large protein structures that allow transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
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The document lists the major organelles found in eukaryotic cells including the chloroplast, mitochondria, cell membrane, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuole, and ribosomes. It provides an interactive diagram where users can click on each organelle to activate its name and get more details by hovering over the name and clicking. The document also contains vocabulary terms related to cells, organisms, and microscopy.
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The document discusses the key parts of a cell's nucleus. It describes the nucleus as the cell's "CPU" that stores DNA and coordinates the cell's activities. The nucleus contains chromosomes that hold the cell's genetic information. Within the nucleus are the nucleolus, which manufactures ribosomes, and the nuclear envelope and pores, which regulate passage between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus controls critical cell functions like growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
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The nucleus controls protein synthesis in the cytoplasm by containing DNA which codes for the amino acids that make up polypeptide chains. Cilia and flagella are related to their function of locomotion - flagella are clusters of microtubule extensions of the plasma membrane while cilia are projections of the plasma membrane that increase surface area and motility.
The cell nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that controls all cell activity. It contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA and is the site of DNA replication and transcription. The nucleus is enclosed by a nuclear envelope containing nuclear pores that regulate movement of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin in the nucleus packages DNA and participates in gene expression. The nucleolus forms within the nucleus and produces ribosomes.
Nucleus Structure
The document discusses the key components and structure of the nucleus. It notes that the nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is located at the center of most cells, where it controls cell activities and houses genetic material. The nucleus contains a double-layered nuclear envelope that encloses chromosomes, nucleolus, and nucleoplasm. Chromosomes contain DNA that provides genetic instructions, while the nucleolus produces ribosomes and the nucleoplasm is a liquid found within the nuclear envelope.
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Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles and have DNA in the nucleoid, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus bounded by a nuclear envelope that contains DNA, as well as other membrane-bound organelles. The endomembrane system, including the nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles and plasma membrane, works together to transport materials within the cell.
Cell Structure and Function
Here is a mind map of the major structures found in a typical eukaryotic cell:
Cell Membranes
- Plasma Membrane
- Nuclear Envelope
Organelles
- Nucleus
- Nucleolus
- Chromatin
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Rough ER
- Smooth ER
- Golgi Apparatus
- Lysosomes
- Mitochondria
- Chloroplasts (in plant cells)
- Vacuoles (in plant and fungal cells)
- Cytoskeleton
- Microtubules
- Microfilaments
- Intermediate Filaments
Other Structures
- Ribosomes
- Centros
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This document discusses the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria and archaea, lack a nucleus and organelles. They have simpler DNA not organized into chromosomes and smaller ribosomes. Eukaryotic cells, which include plants, animals, fungi and protists, have a nucleus enclosed in a membrane as well as other membrane-bound organelles. They have larger DNA-protein complexes called chromosomes and larger ribosomes. The document provides examples of different types of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and outlines their key similarities and differences.
Cell Nucleus
The document discusses the nucleus, including its history, composition, functions, and recent discoveries. It was first discovered by Leeuwenhoek and later described in more detail by Robert Brown. The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains DNA and regulates cellular activity through gene expression. It is composed of a double membrane, nuclear pores, chromatin, nucleolus, and other subnuclear bodies. The nucleus plays important roles in gene expression, RNA synthesis, and providing structural support through its lamina. Recent research has linked mutations in lamin genes to premature aging disorders and identified proteins involved in cancer amplification and RNA interference.
Angelica
- Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms without nuclei or organelles that include bacteria and archaea. They have circular chromosomes, ribosomes surrounded by cell membranes and walls, and may have flagella or pili.
- Prokaryotes have a simple internal structure without membrane-bound organelles. They contain a nucleoid, ribosomes, and storage granules. Some form protective endospores.
- Externally, prokaryotes have capsules, cell walls, and some have outer membranes or flagella. They exist in various shapes like cocci, bacilli, and spirilla.
Lecture script
This document discusses the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are found in bacteria and archaea and lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are found in protists, fungi, animals, and plants and have a nucleus bounded by a nuclear envelope and contain membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells and have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions.
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This document provides information on various organelles found within cells, including the nucleus, nuclear envelope, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum (which has both rough and smooth variations), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, cell wall, chloroplasts, thylakoids, granum, and vacuoles. Each organelle is defined and sometimes accompanied by an image from an electron microscope for comparison. The document emphasizes that these organelle structures allow cells to carry out essential functions and processes that sustain life.
Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
The document compares and contrasts prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes have a nucleus enclosed in a nuclear envelope and various membrane-bound organelles. Some key differences include prokaryotes being typically smaller (1-10 μm) than eukaryotes (10-100 μm), having circular DNA versus eukaryotic linear DNA, and dividing via binary fission rather than mitosis and meiosis. Prokaryotic cells also generally lack internal membranes, mitochondria, chloroplasts and a complex cytoskeleton.
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This chapter discusses cell structure and function, explaining that all living things are made of cells, the basic units of structure and function, and describes the similarities between a cell and a factory in how they produce proteins and use energy. It also explains how cell membranes regulate what moves into and out of cells through diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
Nucleus
Discovered by an English biologist Robert Brown in 1831.
It is also know as the, “Brain of the cell” or “Control centre of the cell”
On the basis of absence and presence of nucleus cell may be divided into Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes respectively.
NUMBER- Mostly uninucleate
Binucleate – Hepatocytes,Chondryocytes, fungi
Polynucleate- Tapetal cell, myocytes
Anucleated Cell- Red Blood cell
Sieve tube element
Component of Nucleus Nuclear membrane
Nuclear pore
Nucleoplasm
Nucleolus
Chromatin
Nuclear Membrane :Also called the nuclear envelope, is a double membrane layer that separates the contents of the nucleus from the rest of the cell.
The nuclear membrane is a lipid bilayer, meaning that it consists of two layers of lipid molecules.
Outer Layer: The outer layer of lipids has ribosomes, structures that make proteins, on its surface. It is connected to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Inner Membrane: Network of fibers and proteins attached to the inner membrane is called the nuclear lamina. It structurally supports the nucleus, plays a role in repairing DNA, and regulates events in the cell cycle such as cell division and the replication of DNA.
Cell organelle presentation
This document provides information about various prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures and organelles. It defines each structure and organelle, stating its function and whether it is found in prokaryotes, plant cells, animal cells, or some combination. Key structures and organelles discussed include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, ribosomes, and vacuoles. The document emphasizes that prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles and have DNA located in the nucleoid, while eukaryotes have DNA in the nucleus. It also notes that plant cells contain chloroplasts, large central vacuoles, and
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Cell structure and functions
The document discusses the structure and functions of cells. It defines cells as the basic unit of life and describes their key components including the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuoles, flagella, and cytoskeleton. It distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and compares their features. The functions of cells include growth and metabolism through breaking down nutrients to produce energy, protein synthesis, creation of new cells, and movement.
Basic cell types
This document discusses the basic types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It provides definitions for the terms prokaryote and eukaryote based on their Greek roots and describes some key differences between the two types of cells. Specifically, it notes that prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane and also contain membrane-bound organelles. The document encourages comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells using a double bubble map.
Cells
All cells arise from preexisting cells, contain genetic material, and have a plasma membrane that encloses the cell. Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex, compartmentalized with organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria that may have originated from engulfed prokaryotes. Plant cells have a cell wall and central vacuole while animal cells rely on an extracellular matrix for structure.
Nucleus Structure
The document discusses the key components and structure of the nucleus. It notes that the nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is the controlling center of the cell, usually located in the center. The nucleus contains the cell's hereditary information and controls growth and reproduction. It is surrounded by a nuclear envelope membrane and houses chromosomes, which contain DNA. The nucleus also contains a nucleolus that produces ribosomal RNA, chromosomes that carry DNA, and nucleoplasm similar to cytoplasm.
Artifact 2
The document summarizes key aspects of nucleic acids and organic molecules. Nucleic acids DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides containing sugars, phosphates, and nitrogenous bases. DNA forms a double helix structure and RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. The four major organic molecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and include monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Proteins are made of amino acids and have four levels of structure. Lipids include fats, oils, waxes, and phospholipids.
prokariates.pdf
Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles. They have their DNA and other cellular components floating freely in the cytoplasm. They reproduce through binary fission. Eukaryotes are organisms with cells that contain membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus that holds their DNA. All eukaryotic cells share certain structures like the nucleus, plasma membrane, ribosomes, and cytoplasm. They also tend to have additional organelles not found in prokaryotes.
The structure of nucleus hasanatestemur
The nucleus is found within eukaryotic cells and contains the cell's genetic material. It has a double-layered nuclear envelope that encloses the contents of the nucleus, and is perforated by nuclear pores that regulate the passage of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Within the nucleus is the nucleolus, which manufactures ribosomes, and nucleoplasm, which acts as a suspension medium for nuclear organelles.
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In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
GraphSummit Singapore | Neo4j Product Vision & Roadmap - Q2 2024
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slack
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
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Everything I found interesting about machines behaving intelligently during May 2024
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 days
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy Survey
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Consult the full report at https://www.oecd.org/digital/oecd-artificial-intelligence-review-of-germany-609808d6-en.htm
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI models
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Uni Systems Copilot event_05062024_C.Vlachos.pdf
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of common terms used in context of Generative AI.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
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Tour of the cell
- 1. 2005-2006
- 2. surrounded by a cell membrane have cytosol ▪ semi-fluid substance within the membrane contain chromosomes which have genes in the form of DNA have ribosomes ▪ tiny “organelles” that make proteins using instructions contained in genes 2005-2006
- 3. Prokaryote Eukaryote Cell Membrane Nucleus Ribosomes Nuclear membrane No organelles Has organelles Less complex More complex 2005-2006
- 4. Word origin-> “Pro” ( first ) “ Karyon” ( nut, kernel)-> first cell Example: bacteria simple, less complex, came first DNA found in the nucleoid region, does not have a nuclear membrane. Has ribosomes Has a cell wall No organelles 2005-2006
- 5. Word Origin-> “ Eu” ( true), “karyon” ( nut, kernel)-> true cell Examples: plants, animals Bigger than prokaryotes More complex, came later DNA enclosed in a nuclear membrane Has organelles Has ribosomes Plant cells have a cell wall, animal cells don’t.
- 6. 2005-2006