A quick refresher in Land Surveying. Introduction to Total Station & its capabilities. Targeted to those Civil Engineers who may not do survey themselves, but are required to get one done from a professional surveyor.

1. THE WONDER KID?
PRESENTED BY: KEDAR S. PONKSHE B.E(CIVIL), M.E(GEOTECH), AIV.

2. It is Only As Good As Person Using It. 
So …..
How Good Are We? OR Can We Be?

3.  Mapping was present from historic times.
 Scientific mapping came of age in early 19th
century
 Scientific Mapping of Indian Subcontinent Started early 19th
Century.
 Initial purpose of the survey was purely scientific, To Measure
Earths Curvature.
 Later scope was extended to detail mapping of entire
subcontinent.

4.  Instruments could measure angles with higher
accuracy.
 Use of Glass Lenses provided magnification,
enabling longer sights.
 Standardisation of distance measuring units
and measurement tools.

5.  Determine Position of an Object on Map.
 Compile Position Data of Number of Objects & Prepare a Map.
 Determine Elevation of Ground Surface and Manmade
Structure.
 Determine Distance, Areas, Volumes.
 Determine Depth of Water, Height of Mountain, Width of Rivers.
 Check Height, Dimensions of Structures vis-à-vis Design.
 Layout Structure Alignment as per Design.
 AND Anything Else Surveyor Can Achieve with His Survey
Instrument.

6.  Measure Distance (Almost Always) in Straight Line, Shortest
Between Two Points.
 Measure Horizontal Angle Either, Absolute Value or Graphically.
 Measure Vertical Angle.
 Measure Height From A Datum.
 Use Any One or Any Combination of Above Steps to Locate a
Point

7.  Metric Chain
 Magnetic Compass
 Theodolite
 Dumpy Level
 Plane Table
 Leveling Staff
 Measuring tape
First Theodolite Used by Survey Of
India, Weight @ 500kg.

8.  Measuring tape
 Laser Distance Meter
 Total Station
 Laser Level
 GPS
 DGPS

19.  Topographic Measurement i.e measure co-
ordinate, elevation, point code
 Setting Out of Buildings, Roads, Buildings
 Offsets- Mark line parallel to given line.
 Intersection of Two Lines
 Extend Given Line
 Transform Co-ordinates
 Calculate Distance, Area, Volume
 Divide Area

20. NONO
Least Count – Angle 1” & 0.1”
Distance 1mm, 0.1mm
Accuracy - 1”, 2”, 3”, 5”, 7”

21.  What is The Purpose of Survey?
 Is The End Result Expected Clear Enough?
 Is it Achievable by Instruments At Hand?
 in Given Site Conditions,
 Available Data is Sufficient?
 Communicate with Surveyor your purpose & requirement from
Survey.
 Discuss with him site conditions.
 Understand How Surveyor is going to achieve the required goal.
 Try to collect Old Survey Maps, Drawings & share with surveyor.
 Ensure Surveyor is thinking in same plane as you.

22. Ensure,
 Surveyor has understood the scope
 He has necessary drawings & data
 He is collecting data, giving points to meet your
requirements.
Once you have ensured this,
 PLEASE leave the work to surveyor, over
supervision is irritating & actually a distraction.
 Avoid unnecessary crowding around instrument
 Remember Tripod is HOLY, mind your FEET.

23. Surveying is a Team Activity,
&
YOU are part of it.

24. Think I am A Good Teacher?

25. A Day Spent on Site Under
Scorching SUN is the Best
Teacher!!
GOOD LUCK!!!