The document discusses various tools that can assist translators in the 21st century, including: 1. Computer-assisted translation (CAT) software like word processors, electronic dictionaries, tools for the internet, image editors, CAT tools, PDF tools, and tools for freelance translators. 2. Other useful software packages such as anti-malware software, file compressors/decompressors, and miscellaneous tools. 3. The document provides examples and descriptions of popular tools in each category.

1. Practicum In TranslatinTools for Translators in the 21st CenturyComputer-Assisted Translation (CAT) software is helpful to translators, since it speeds up the translation process.

2. The translator has to consider the software licenses restricting the use of the program and its cost. 10/9/2010

3. Accordingly, the programs are one of the following types: 1-Commercial software is computer software sold for commercial purposes.2-Free software can be used, copied, studied, modified, and redistributed without restriction. ‘free’ of ‘freedom’ and not ‘free of charge’.3-Freeware ‘free of charge’ copyrighted computer software which made available for use free of charge for an unlimited time.4-Shareware(opposes freeware) the user has to pay after some trial period (usually no longer than 30 days. Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

4. CAT technology is either:electronic tools.Or other useful software packages.Electronic tools used for translation are nine:word possessors.electronic dictionaries. tools for the internet.image editors. CAT tool.PDF tools.desktop publishing tools. proofreading tools. tools for freelance translators.Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

5. 1-Word Processors10/9/2010Practicum In Translatin Word processors allow translators to type.

6. They contain spelling and grammar checkers as subprograms.

7. They can count the total number of words.

8. The most popular word processors are Microsoft Word and Open Office Writer.10/9/2010Practicum In Translatin

9. 2- Electronic Dictionaries and Encyclopedias Electronic dictionaries have the advantage of speed and convenience of lookup, and popularity over their printed counterparts.

10. They show three fields: pronunciation, function, and etymology Examples of Oxford or Collins CD-ROM, Merriam-Webster’s ,Online Dictionary. .The best electronic encyclopedia is Wikipedia containing up-to-date articles written be people from all around the world. 10/9/2010Practicum In Translatin

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13. 3-Tools for the Internet a- Web Browser The Internet is a World Wide Web, a network of sites that can be searched and retrieved by a special protocol know as Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

14. In order to surf through these sites, it is necessary to use a web explorer known as “browser”

15. The most popular browsers are Internet Explorer ,Mozilla Firefox ,Opera .

16. Web browsers allow the user :1- to do searches in Google or Wikipedia.2- to load Web pages in separate tabs of a single browser window to jump between them quickly and easily. Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

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18. b) Search Engines Translators frequently need to research topics to overcome their lack of knowledge in a specific field through search engines like Google or AltaVista .

19. Search engines use Boolean operators to search the selected terms through the web c) Specialized DatabasesA lot of information, that cannot be retrieved by search engines, can be retrieved by “Invisible Web” or specialized database.

20. Some medical and scientific online database are the Web of Knowledge.Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

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22. d) E-mail Software Most Internet users use free webmail e-mail services such as Hotmail, Yahoo.

23. To keep track of inbox messages, it is better to use an email application like Microsoft Outlook, commercial).

24. E-mail software allow the user 1- to retrieve emails from a remote server2- to download messages from webmail accounts Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

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26. e) Chats and Other Online Communication Systems Translators can be exchange ideas and opinions in the real time with other translators or specialists, and they can be in touch with clients.

27. e.g MSN Messenger or Gaimf) Blogs:A blog can be created by following easy steps in a free weblog publishing system as Blogger after which a person can talk about any topic and can publish.

28. Among the blogs from which translators can get some recommendations as translation notes.Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

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31. 10/9/2010Practicum In Translatin 4- Image Editors:Translators are expected to have some basic skills in order to undertake a translation job which deal with graphics.

32. They should be aware of the existence of image editors such as Photoshop, Pain Shop Pro, Photo Filtre , and The GIMP.10/9/2010Practicum In Translatin

33. 5- CAT Tool:A) Translation Memory Systems: Using translation memories allows translators to leverage previous translations.

34. The most popular translation memory system is SDL Trados.

35. Other cheaper ones are Wordfast, and DéjàVu. B) Terminology Tools: For terminological consistency, terminologists may use term-extraction and concordance tools such as WordSmith Tools , TextStat and AntConc . Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

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37. C) Web Localization Tools To have a multilingual website, translators are advised to become familiar with tools for web localization such as the HTML editors like Dreamweaver and NVU .

38. Such tools preserve the original layout by avoiding any modification.

39. Other CAT tools may also allow the user to see both the source and the target texts at the same time and preview the translation in the browser is a reference for CAT tools for web localizationPracticum In Translatin 10/9/2010

40. D) Software Localization Tools In order to translate software, it is necessary to deal with localization tools to extract or edit the menu, window and message strings in a single resource file.

41. The leading CAT tools for software localization are Alchemy Catalyst and Passolo commercial) Practicum In Translatin 10/9/2010

42. E) Subtitling Tools Many young translators prefer translating a film through subtitling than a legal contract.

43. Many subtitlers subtitle TV shows and spread them over the internet, while others code software programs to subtitle TV series to get some feedbacks from other subtitlers via forums.

44. Such software programs are VisualSubSync, Sabbu ,Aegisub ,and SSA Tool.10/9/2010Practicum In Translatin

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46. F) Machine Translation Systems Nowadays, machine translation produces good-quality results with simple texts or texts with controlled language such weather forecasts.

47. However, some editing is still required before and after processing a text in a machine translation system.

48. There are many free online machine translation systems such as Altavista’s Babelfish Systran and Power Translator.10/9/2010Practicum In Translatin

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50. 6- PDF Tools (Portable Document Format): PDF files can never be modified, so there is no risk of losing the format when different version of the same software is used. A) PDF Readers: The PDF reader is Acrobat Reader.Another PDF reader is Foxit Reader. B) PDF Creators: To produce PDF files, PDF creators can be installed as “virtual printers”

51. Such PDF creators are Acrobat Professional and PDFCreator. C) PDF Converters: To edit a PDF file, it needs to be converted by a converter to a Word document.