Three principles to locate electrons
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The document discusses three principles for predicting the location of electrons in atoms: 1) The Aufbau principle states that electrons are added one at a time to the lowest energy orbitals available. For carbon, the orbital notation is 1s2 2s2 2p2. 2) The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously in an atom. Electrons pair up with opposite spins. 3) Hund's rule states that when electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy, one electron enters each orbital with parallel spins before electrons pair up. These three principles allow prediction of electron configuration for various elements.
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The document contains a test with 7 multiple choice questions covering topics in chemistry and physics including:
1) The state of methane on Titan given its temperature and methane's freezing/boiling points
2) The number of chlorine atoms in a given sample of chlorine gas
3) Which electron transition in a hydrogen atom would result in the longest wavelength light
4) Possible quantum numbers for an electron added to produce Ni2+ from Ni3+
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This document discusses the key principles of electron configuration: the Pauli Exclusion Principle limits each orbital to two electrons spinning in opposite directions; Hund's Rule states that orbitals in a sublevel are filled with unpaired electrons before pairing occurs; and the Aufbau Principle builds an atom's configuration by adding electrons into orbitals of increasing energy, such as filling n=1 before n=2. Noble gas notation is also mentioned.
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Electron configuration is the systematic arrangement of electrons in an atom's energy levels and sublevels. The Pauli Exclusion Principle limits each orbital to two electrons with opposite spins. Hund's Rule states that for a given sublevel, electrons occupy orbitals singly with parallel spins before pairing. The Aufbau Principle shows that electrons fill lower energy orbitals before higher ones.
Electron configuration
This document discusses electron configuration and the rules that define how electrons are arranged in an atom's orbitals. It explains:
1) There are three main rules that define electron configuration: the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.
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Electron configuration refers to the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals and energy levels. There are three main principles that determine electron configuration: 1) Electrons have higher energy further from the nucleus and in higher principal quantum shells, 2) Orbitals within a shell have set ordering of energies (s < p < d < f), and 3) Each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons of opposite spin. The Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule further define how electrons fill the orbitals in atoms.
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You might have heard of the wise saying that
'experience is the best teacher". Each
year in your life ushers in a lot of experiences for you
to reflect on. You may not like everything
that happens to you in school or in the community,
especially those that bring you discomfort,
dificulty or detriment, but you have to bear with these
occurrences with a positive disposition.
You have to remember that you cannot prevent
circumstances from happening
especially those that might challenge your patience
determination and drive as a young
learner. lt's good to remember that experiences
whether in school or in the community, will
open opportunities for you to gain lessons which you
can utilize to help and inspire yourself
and others. Your negative or positive personal
experiences coupled with your coping skills can
serve as your stepping stones to academic successYou might have heard of the wise saying that
'experience is the best teacher". Each
year in your life ushers in a lot of experiences for you
to reflect on. You may not like everything
that happens to you in school or in the community,
especially those that bring you discomfort,
dificulty or detriment, but you have to bear with these
occurrences with a positive disposition.
You have to remember that you cannot prevent
circumstances from happening
especially those that might challenge your patience
determination and drive as a young
learner. lt's good to remember that experiences
whether in school or in the community, will
open opportunities for you to gain lessons which you
can utilize to help and inspire yourself
and others. Your negative or positive personal
experiences coupled with your coping skills can
serve as your stepping stones to academic success You might have heard of the wise saying that
'experience is the best teacher". Each
year in your life ushers in a lot of experiences for you
to reflect on. You may not like everything
that happens to you in school or in the community,
especially those that bring you discomfort,
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occurrences with a positive disposition.
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circumstances from happening
especially those that might challenge your patience
determination and drive as a young
learner. lt's good to remember that experiences
whether in school or in the community, will
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can utilize to help and inspire yourself
and others. Your negative or positive personal
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serve as your stepping stones to academic successYou might have heard of the wise saying that
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year in your life ushers in a lot of experiences for you
to reflect on. You may not like everything
that happens to you in school or in the community,
especially those that bring you discomfort,
dificulty or detriment, but you have to bear with these
occurrences with a positive disposition.
You have to remember h
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The document contains a test with 7 multiple choice questions covering topics in chemistry and physics including:
1) The state of methane on Titan given its temperature and methane's freezing/boiling points
2) The number of chlorine atoms in a given sample of chlorine gas
3) Which electron transition in a hydrogen atom would result in the longest wavelength light
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This document discusses the key principles of electron configuration: the Pauli Exclusion Principle limits each orbital to two electrons spinning in opposite directions; Hund's Rule states that orbitals in a sublevel are filled with unpaired electrons before pairing occurs; and the Aufbau Principle builds an atom's configuration by adding electrons into orbitals of increasing energy, such as filling n=1 before n=2. Noble gas notation is also mentioned.
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Electron configuration is the systematic arrangement of electrons in an atom's energy levels and sublevels. The Pauli Exclusion Principle limits each orbital to two electrons with opposite spins. Hund's Rule states that for a given sublevel, electrons occupy orbitals singly with parallel spins before pairing. The Aufbau Principle shows that electrons fill lower energy orbitals before higher ones.
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This document discusses electron configuration and the rules that define how electrons are arranged in an atom's orbitals. It explains:
1) There are three main rules that define electron configuration: the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.
2) Higher energy levels can hold more electrons than lower energy levels because they are associated with larger volumes that can contain more orbitals.
3) Electron configuration can be represented using orbital diagrams with arrows or electron configuration notation using symbols and superscripts.
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You might have heard of the wise saying that
'experience is the best teacher". Each
year in your life ushers in a lot of experiences for you
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especially those that bring you discomfort,
dificulty or detriment, but you have to bear with these
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especially those that might challenge your patience
determination and drive as a young
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whether in school or in the community, will
open opportunities for you to gain lessons which you
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and others. Your negative or positive personal
experiences coupled with your coping skills can
serve as your stepping stones to academic successYou might have heard of the wise saying that
'experience is the best teacher". Each
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that happens to you in school or in the community,
especially those that bring you discomfort,
dificulty or detriment, but you have to bear with these
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especially those that might challenge your patience
determination and drive as a young
learner. lt's good to remember that experiences
whether in school or in the community, will
open opportunities for you to gain lessons which you
can utilize to help and inspire yourself
and others. Your negative or positive personal
experiences coupled with your coping skills can
serve as your stepping stones to academic success You might have heard of the wise saying that
'experience is the best teacher". Each
year in your life ushers in a lot of experiences for you
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that happens to you in school or in the community,
especially those that bring you discomfort,
dificulty or detriment, but you have to bear with these
occurrences with a positive disposition.
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especially those that might challenge your patience
determination and drive as a young
learner. lt's good to remember that experiences
whether in school or in the community, will
open opportunities for you to gain lessons which you
can utilize to help and inspire yourself
and others. Your negative or positive personal
experiences coupled with your coping skills can
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Data presentation and interpretation I Quantitative Research
Topics;
DATA PRESENTATION & INTERPRETATION
Preparation in writing your data analysis
Techniques in Data Processing
Presentation and Interpretation of Data
Using statistical Techniques (Sample)
Research methodology I Quantitative Research
Topics:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Data Collection Instruments
Presenting Research Methodology or Chapter 3
Quantitative research design
Topics:
Quantitative research
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
Strengths of Quantitative Research
Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
TYPES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
Sampling procedure and sample I Quantitative Research
1) There are various approaches to determining sample size including heuristics, literature review, formulas, and power analysis. Formulas like Slovin's are commonly used to calculate sample size based on population size and desired confidence level.
2) There are different types of probability sampling used in quantitative research including simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling.
3) Validity and reliability are important aspects of research instruments. Validity determines if an instrument measures what it intends to measure through various types like face validity and content validity. Reliability refers to an instrument's consistency and can be tested through methods like test-retest reliability.
LITERATURE REVIEW
RESEARCH
You can also visit: https://www.slideshare.net/jhim1022/review-of-related-literature-with-references
Quantitative Research
Resign Design
Quantitative Research
5 types of quantitative research design
You can watch here! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJpb0wW_6lo
****You can reach me on my email jimnairaabanto@deped.gov.ph, if you have clarification or corrections. Thank you so much.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH VERSUS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Content:
I. When to use Qualitative versus Quantitative Research
II. Differences: Qualitative Research versus Quantitative Research
III. Similarities: Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research
IV. The Kinds of Research Across Fields
You can watch here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0k7QqwBEvGE&t=919s
THE VALUE OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
TOPICS:
I. Definition of Qualitative Research
II. Purpose of Qualitative Research
III. Characteristics of Qualitative Research
IV. Strengths of Qualitative Research
V. Weaknesses of Qualitative Research
VI. Kinds of Qualitative Research
You can Watch here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-PstCR7RTQ&t=803s
TYPES OF RESEARCH
This document discusses different types of research including basic or pure research, applied research, descriptive research, correlational research, explanatory research, exploratory research, and action research. It also differentiates between qualitative and quantitative research methods and data. Finally, it provides examples of research across various fields such as social science, natural and physical sciences, environmental science, ICT, sports, agriculture, fisheries, business, and arts.
NATURE OF RESEARCH AND INQUIRY
Practical Research 1 for SHS
Lesson 1: The Importance of Research in Daily life
Content
1. Differentiate Inquiry from Research
2. Share research experiences and knowledge
3. Explain the importance of research in daily life.
You can watch here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bY8lFadJia8&t=1357s
Universal laws of physics
Law of Inertia
Law of Action and Reaction
Law of Acceleration
Law of Action and Reaction
Law of Inertia
PHYSICAL SCIENCE (EARTH&SPACE)
BIG BANG THEORY
GREEKS' VIEWS ABOUT MOTION AND UNIVERSE
GALILEO'S OBSERVATION ABOUT UNIVERSE
KEPLER'S LAW
Analyzing data
Here is a suggested outline for your research proposal:
Title: [Your title]
Researchers: [Your name]
Background:
- Brief overview of the topic/issue being studied
- Gap in existing literature
Problem Statement:
Clearly state the research problem/question being addressed
Methodology:
- Research Design: [Qualitative/Quantitative/Mixed Methods]
- Sampling and Participants: Description of sample and recruitment process
- Data Collection: Description of data collection instruments/methods
- Data Analysis: Description of data analysis plan/procedures
- Procedure: Flow chart of research process
Let me know if you need any part of the outline expanded upon or have additional
Methodology
Qualitative data analysis involves organizing the data, coding it into categories and themes, and then interpreting the findings. The coding process breaks down data into smaller segments, labels them with codes, and groups similar codes into categories and themes. Researchers then look for relationships between themes to develop theories or explanations about the central phenomenon being studied.
Qualitative research
1. The document discusses different types of qualitative research methods and their characteristics. It defines qualitative research as research that values people's perspectives and views, which may be subjective.
2. The document outlines several key characteristics of qualitative research, including a focus on human understanding, flexible research approaches, contextualized data collection in real-life settings, and analysis of people's perceptions rather than physical effects.
3. Several types of qualitative research are described, including case studies, ethnography, phenomenology, narrative analysis, historical analysis, and grounded theory. Examples are provided for each type.
Plagiarism lesson
This document discusses plagiarism, including its definition, types, excuses for plagiarism, and consequences. It defines plagiarism as presenting others' words, ideas, or creative works as one's own without proper citation. There are two types: intentional plagiarism such as copying others' work verbatim, and unintentional plagiarism like poor paraphrasing. Consequences can include failing grades, suspension, or dismissal. The document provides tips for avoiding plagiarism such as quoting, paraphrasing, summarizing, and properly citing sources. It emphasizes giving credit to original authors to avoid being considered a plagiarist.
NATURE OF RESEARCH
The document discusses qualitative research methods. It defines qualitative research as research that values people's perspectives and understanding of the world. Characteristics include a focus on human interpretation, context-specific insights, and analysis of words and meanings rather than numbers. Common qualitative approaches include case studies, ethnography, phenomenology, content analysis, and grounded theory. The purpose is to understand individuals' experiences rather than measure causal relationships or outcomes.
UNDERSTANDING OUR ENVIRONMENT
This document provides an overview of environmental science. It defines environmental science as the systematic study of our environment and our place in it, with goals of understanding how the natural world works, how humans interact with the environment, and how we affect the environment. Environmental science is also described as an interdisciplinary field that is mission-oriented. The document outlines the process of science and key concepts in environmental science such as natural experiments, manipulated experiments, and scientific consensus. It also briefly discusses the history of conservation and environmentalism.
EDUCATION SYSTEM OF AUSTRALIA
Australia has a constitutional monarchy government with a federal system. It has a parliamentary democracy and three branches of government. The main political parties are the Labor Party and the Coalition. The economy is dominated by services and exports agricultural goods and minerals.
Education is compulsory between ages 6-15/17 and follows a primary-secondary-tertiary structure. The curriculum is set nationally and includes subjects like English, math, science, and technology. Students are assessed through NAPLAN tests and final school exams.
The science curriculum aims to develop skills like inquiry and understanding of concepts. It focuses on awareness in early years, questioning and investigation in middle years, and disciplines in late years. Digital technologies enhance learning science
Physical science chapter1 for shs
The Greek's viewed the universe as having celestial and terrestrial motion, with objects moving in perfect circular orbits around a spherical Earth at the center. Models of the universe differed on the orbital center - either Earth, Sun, or concentric spheres. Kepler's Laws showed planetary orbits are elliptical with the Sun at one focus, areas are swept equal in equal time, and orbital periods increase with orbital radius.
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Three principles to locate electrons
- 1. A P P LY I N G T H E 3 P R I N C I P L E S , T H E L O C AT I O N O F T H E E L E C T R O N S C A N E A S I LY B E P R E D I C T E D THREE PRINCIPLES TO LOCATE ELECTRONS
- 2. THE AUFBAU PRINCIPLE • Comes from the German word, “aufbauen” which means “to build up”. • States that “Electrons are added one at a time to the lowest energy orbitals available until all the electrons of the atoms are counted for.”
- 4. THE AUFBAU PRINCIPLE Ex. Carbon The orbital notation for carbon will be: 1s² 2s² 2px¹ 2py¹ 2pz¹ Or simply, 1s² 2s² 2p²
- 5. LIMITATION The Aufbau principle works very well for the ground states of the atoms for the first 18 elements, then decreasingly well for the following 100 elements.
- 6. PAULI EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE •Proposed by Wolfgang Pauli. •States that “no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously in an atom.”
- 7. PAULI EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE 1. An orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons: 2. The 2 electrons can occupy the same orbital if they spin in opposite directions. 3. Electrons are said to be paired. paired unpaired
- 8. HUND’S RULE • States that “when electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy, one electron enters each orbital until all the orbitals contain one electron with parallel spins. Second electrons then add to each orbital pairing the spins of the first electron.”
- 9. HUND’S RULE
- 10. ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION OF SELECTED ELEMENTS
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