Topics: Quantitative research​ Characteristics of Quantitative Research​ Strengths of Quantitative Research ​ Weaknesses of Quantitative Research ​ Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields​ TYPES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN​

1. QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGN
LESSON 1

2. Quantitative research
• It uses scientificallycollected and statistically analyzed
data to investigate observable phenomena.
• It is a type of empirical investigation. That means the
researchfocuseson verifiable observation as opposed to
theory or logic.
• Numerical data

3. Quantitative research
EXAMPLES:
➢researchdata expressed in numbers
• student’sgrades in different subjects,
• number of hours of engagement in social media platforms of
teens
• percentage of consumers who prefer the color blue for soap
packaging
• averagedaily Covid-19 patient recovery per region

4. Quantitative research
EXAMPLES:
➢countable and thus require conversion from non-numerical information into
numerical information.
Determining which brand of canned sardines is the best choice for consumers in
terms of taste cannot be expressed in numbers unless we do a survey using a
rating scale.
Several forms of rating scales are available, e.g., the Likert scale that we can use to
quantify data. Usually, they come in a selection of numbers with a corresponding
meaning for each choice, for example: 1= tastes very good, 2 = satisfactory, or 3 =
undesirable. Numerical choices convert texts into numbers so the researcher can
perform mathematical operations for faster, more accurate, and more objective
analysis.

5. Characteristics of
Quantitative Research
Quantitative researchis commonly used in natural sciencesresearchproblems becauseof
the following characteristics:

6. Characteristics
of Quantitative
Research
Large Sample Size
Objective
Visual Result Presentation.
Faster Data Analysis
Generalized Data.
Fast Data Collection
Reliable Data
Replication

7. Strengths of Quantitative Research
Quantitative research can
be replicated or repeated.
Findings are generalizable
to the population.
Conclusive establishment
of cause and effect
Numerical and
quantifiable data can be
used to predict outcomes
Fast and easy data
analysis using statistical
software.
Fast and easy data
gathering
Very objective
Validity and reliability can
be established

8. Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
It lacks the necessary data to
explore a problem or concept
in depth.
It does not provide
comprehensive explanation
of human experiences.
Some information cannot be
described by numerical data
such as feelings, and beliefs.
The research design is rigid
and not very flexible.
The participants are limited
to choose only from the
given responses.
The respondents may tend
to provide inaccurate
responses.
A Large sample size makes
data collection more costly.

9. Research design
• It is defined as the logical and coherent
overall strategy that the researcher uses to
integrate all the components of the research
study (Barrot, 2017, p102). In order to find
meaning in the overall process of doing your
research study, a step-by-step process will
be helpful to you.

10. Importance of Quantitative
Research Across Fields

11. Importance of Quantitative Research
Discover the unknown and improve
underlying conditions
Influence leaders and law-makers’
decisions for crafting and implementing
laws for the safety and welfare of the
more significant majority.
Helps us determine and better
understand relationships between
variables or phenomenon crucial to
reducing the range of uncertainty
Most inventions and innovations are
products of quantitative studies

12. some of the contributions of quantitative research to other fields
and their example.
Field Contribution/Application Example
Social Science
• Effects of intervention to group behavior.
• Understanding cultural or racial conflicts.
• Human satisfaction and stressors
The effects of pandemic on social behavior and economic
stability.
Natural and Physical Sciences
• Investigate the effectiveness of a product treatment to illnesses.
• Finding or enhancing alternative energy sources.
• Advancement in material science.
Antidiabetic properties of common Philippine herbs.
Agriculture and Fisheries
• Increase the yield of crops
• Prevention and cure for crops and livestock diseases
The effectiveness of organic and inorganic fertilizer to
vegetable production.
Environmental Science
• Causes and effects of climate change The environmental factors affecting natural calamities

13. some of the contributions of quantitative research to other fields
and their example.
Field Contribution/Application Example
Sports
• Enhance athletic performance Diet and exercise techniques for different kinds of sports.
Business
• Device marketing strategies
• Improve marketability
Effectiveness of Facebook ads on sales.
Arts and Design
• Relationship between color and architectural space
• Multimedia use and adaptation for recreation, business
marketing and lifestyle changes.
The effects of music on learning and behavior.

14. TYPES OF QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGN
Five general classifications

15. Descriptive Research
❑It is used to describe a particular phenomenon by
observing it as it occurs in nature.
❑There is no experimental manipulation and the researcher
does not start with a hypothesis. The goal of descriptive
research is only to describe the person or object of the
study.
❑An example of descriptive research design is “the
determination of the different kinds of physical activities
and how often high school students do it during the
quarantineperiod.”
this design is bestusedwhenthe
main objective of the study is just to
observe and reporta certain
phenomenon as it is
happening.

16. correlational design
• It identifies the relationship between variables. Data is
collected by observation since it does not consider the cause
and effect.
• Example, the relationship between the amount of physical
activity done and student academic achievement
The main goal of this design is to determine if variable
increases or decreases as another variable increases or decreases.
This design seeks to establish an association between variables. It
does not seek cause and effect relationship like descriptive research;
it measures variables as it occurs. It has two major purposes:
(a) to clarify the relationship between variables and
(b) predict the magnitude of the association. However, the extent of
the purpose of correlational research depends on the scope and
delimitation of the study.

17. Ex post facto design
(Comparative research)
• It is used to investigate a possible relationship between
previous events and present conditions.
• The term “Ex post facto”, means after the fact, looks at the
possible causes of an already occurringphenomenon.
• Just like the first two, there is no experimental
manipulation in this design.
• An example of this is “how does the parent’s academic
achievement affectthe children obesity?”
If the objective of the study is to measure a cause from a pre-existing
effects, then Ex Post Facto research design is more appropriate to use.
In this design, the researcher has no control over the variables in the
research study. Thus, one cannot conclude that the changes measured
happen during the actual conduct of the study.

18. quasi-experimental
design
• It is used to establish the cause and effect relationship of
variables.
• Here, the independent variable is identified but not
manipulated. The researcher does not modify pre-existing
groups of subjects. The group exposed to treatment
(experimental) is compared to the group unexposed to
treatment (control):
• example, the effects of unemployment on attitude towards
following safety protocol in ECQ declared areas.

19. quasi-experimental
design
SAMPLE B
SAMPLE A
Applies treatment (experimental) No treatment
Example:

20. Experimental design
(True experimental design)
• It is like quasi- experimental is used to establish the cause
and effect relationship of two or more variables.
• This design provides a more conclusive result because it
uses random assignment of subjects and experimental
manipulations.

21. Experimental design
SAMPLE D
SAMPLE A
Applies 50% Treatment No treatment
Example:
SAMPLE B SAMPLE C
Applies 70% Treatment
Applies 100% Treatment

22. ACTIVITY IS GIVEN IN
GOOGLE CLASSROOM

23. ACTIVITY
Group work
Choose your Appropriate Research Design
Directions: From what you have learned in this lesson,
what is the appropriate research design for your current
research problem? Justify your choice.
Group no.
Members:
Grade & Section:
Research title:
Conceptual Framework:
Research Design::
Justification: