Industrial engineering is founded on the idea that there is always a better way. This mantra rings true in everything an industrial engineer does, from lean manufacturing to six sigma, to quality control and ergonomics. This paper demonstrates the uniqueness of this discipline, the impact its techniques has in sectors outside of manufacturing, and the positive effects it has on businesses.
The Hawthorne studies, which were conducted by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger in the 1920s with the workers at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company, were part of an emphasis on socio-psychological aspects of human behavior in organizations.
Industrial relations is a multidisciplinary field that studies the employment relationship. Industrial relations is increasingly being called employment relations or employee relations because of the importance of non-industrial employment relationships; this move is sometimes seen as further broadening of the human resource management trend.
Chapter 1: EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENTsourashtra
Meaning, Importance, Benefits to organisation and to an individual, Process,Difference between Training and Development, Models of T&D in Organisation, and Meaning and Charecteristics of Virtual organisation
Structural design structural intervention - Organizational Change and Deve...manumelwin
This change process concerns the organization’s division of labour – how to specialize task performances.
Diagnostic guidelines exist to determine which structure is appropriate for particular organizational environments, technologies, and conditions.
The Hawthorne studies, which were conducted by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger in the 1920s with the workers at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company, were part of an emphasis on socio-psychological aspects of human behavior in organizations.
Industrial relations is a multidisciplinary field that studies the employment relationship. Industrial relations is increasingly being called employment relations or employee relations because of the importance of non-industrial employment relationships; this move is sometimes seen as further broadening of the human resource management trend.
Chapter 1: EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENTsourashtra
Meaning, Importance, Benefits to organisation and to an individual, Process,Difference between Training and Development, Models of T&D in Organisation, and Meaning and Charecteristics of Virtual organisation
Structural design structural intervention - Organizational Change and Deve...manumelwin
This change process concerns the organization’s division of labour – how to specialize task performances.
Diagnostic guidelines exist to determine which structure is appropriate for particular organizational environments, technologies, and conditions.
Organization Behaviour - Organization Change and DevelopmentSOMASUNDARAM T
Organization Change, Importance, Reasons, Factors influencing changes, Levels of Change, Resistance to Change, Lewin's Force Field theory, Organization Development, OD Interventions (Techniques).
A detailed description about Max Weber & his theory of Bureaucracy. His important works. Principles of Bureaucratic Management. Features of Bureaucracy. Critics of Max Weber and Bureaucratic Theory.
Training and development - Individual OD interventions - Organizational Chan...manumelwin
Training: This activity is both focused upon, and evaluated against, the job that an individual currently holds.
Education: This activity focuses upon the jobs that an individual may potentially hold in the future, and is evaluated against those jobs.
Development: This activity focuses upon the activities that the organization employing the individual, or that the individual is part of, may partake in the future, and is almost impossible to evaluate
Data Visualization and Analysis of Engineering Educational StatisticsxIJAAS Team
Engineering, is one of the most popular fields of higher education in the modern day world. Majority of the students these days opt for engineering as a career, due to the vastness of choices provided by engineering. Mechanical, Electrical, Computer Science, Civil and Biotechnology are the various disciplines and have varying strength in terms of number of students who join a particular discipline. In this research, we have gather data from various published articles about engineering education and carried out the data visualization and analysis using Tableau 9.2. The objective of the analysis is to help the students to make the decision and the choice about discipline of engineering from which particular university would be the most suitable based on the data collected and represented. Various categories of statistics such as number of graduates from a particular university in a particular discipline, and which university had the maximum number of graduates in a certain year will help the students make their decisions about their future in a more easy and a sorted manner.
Organization Behaviour - Organization Change and DevelopmentSOMASUNDARAM T
Organization Change, Importance, Reasons, Factors influencing changes, Levels of Change, Resistance to Change, Lewin's Force Field theory, Organization Development, OD Interventions (Techniques).
A detailed description about Max Weber & his theory of Bureaucracy. His important works. Principles of Bureaucratic Management. Features of Bureaucracy. Critics of Max Weber and Bureaucratic Theory.
Training and development - Individual OD interventions - Organizational Chan...manumelwin
Training: This activity is both focused upon, and evaluated against, the job that an individual currently holds.
Education: This activity focuses upon the jobs that an individual may potentially hold in the future, and is evaluated against those jobs.
Development: This activity focuses upon the activities that the organization employing the individual, or that the individual is part of, may partake in the future, and is almost impossible to evaluate
Data Visualization and Analysis of Engineering Educational StatisticsxIJAAS Team
Engineering, is one of the most popular fields of higher education in the modern day world. Majority of the students these days opt for engineering as a career, due to the vastness of choices provided by engineering. Mechanical, Electrical, Computer Science, Civil and Biotechnology are the various disciplines and have varying strength in terms of number of students who join a particular discipline. In this research, we have gather data from various published articles about engineering education and carried out the data visualization and analysis using Tableau 9.2. The objective of the analysis is to help the students to make the decision and the choice about discipline of engineering from which particular university would be the most suitable based on the data collected and represented. Various categories of statistics such as number of graduates from a particular university in a particular discipline, and which university had the maximum number of graduates in a certain year will help the students make their decisions about their future in a more easy and a sorted manner.
Status of Engineering Education in India - February 2014Careers360
India has the world’s largest engineering education system
with over 1.8 million engineering seats on offer. But the
amazing numbers hide a range of issues like questionable
graduate quality, grave shortage of good quality faculty, crisis
in placements, poor research and publication activity and an
alarming reduction in the number of aspirants. We examine
the overall scenario of the engineering education system in
the country.
Need of Non- Technical Content in Engineering Educationiosrjce
The foundation of engineering education has its root in the basic sciences. The knowledge of basic
science is the backbone of all technical education. It is the base on which the building of innovations, ingenuity
and research stands. The first introduction of engineering is always through sciences i.e. through physics,
chemistry and mathematics. Engineering is the bridge between the sciences and humanities. It is observe that
engineers apply scientific principles to advance the human condition, but their success relies as much upon an
understanding of physics and mathematics as an appreciation of history and psychology. The main objective of
this paper is to emphasize the importance and pertinence of basic science in engineering programs, not with the
objective of providing a cultural complement but with the idea of giving the students a strong basis in this area,
in order to provide them with adequate continuity along with engineering and applied engineering. This will
allow them to adapt better to technological changes and advances.
Design and Analysis of Runout Measuring Machine using Feaijtsrd
Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with the optimization of complex processes or systems. It is concerned with the development, improvement, implementation and evaluation of integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials, analysis and synthesis, as well as the mathematical, physical and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering design to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems or processes. While industrial engineering is a traditional and longstanding engineering discipline subject to and eligible for professional engineering licensure in most jurisdictions, its underlying concepts overlap considerably with certain business oriented disciplines such as operations management. Depending on the subspecialties involved, industrial engineering may also be known as, or overlap with, operations management, management science, operations research, systems engineering, management engineering, manufacturing engineering, ergonomics or human factors engineering, safety engineering, or others, depending on the viewpoint or motives of the user. For example, in health care, the engineers known as health management engineers or health systems engineers are, in essence, industrial engineers by another name. Mr. Sandip Subhash Narkhede | Mr. Vijay Liladhar Firke | Mr. Dhruvakumar B. Sharma "Design and Analysis of Runout Measuring Machine using Fea" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28028.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/28028/design-and-analysis-of-runout-measuring-machine-using-fea/mr-sandip-subhash-narkhede
Integrating human relation skills into the curriculum of industrial technolog...IJITE
Technological devices are playing such a significant role in our lives that educators are incorporating
Ipads, smartphones, and even Skyping via these devices to educate our future generations. Managing the
utilization of this technology has become an important issue for businesses and proposes the question: how
is it possible to maintain good human relations with customers, clients and other businesses with all of the
technological advancements that often prevent face-to-face interaction? This paper addresses the value of
assimilating human relation skills into the curriculum of Industrial Technology related programs.
Additionally, this article provides an overview of Industrial Technology related programs and will also
address how to differentiate between Human Resource Development programs and Human Resource
Management programs.
Mechanical Engineers in Corporate worldvivatechijri
In today's Digitization, every business is trying to become digital in terms of operations. After the
COVID-19 breakdown, about 60 percent of businesses have transformed into digital form. In the case of the
manufacturing world, this digitization is nothing but industry 5.O.Now a days many of the mechanical engineers
are recruited in Corporate because of the integrity they possess. Having said that it's also a bitter truth that
many mechanical engineers lack the skills that are needed in the corporate world. Due to which they tend to
miss the targets. This study investigates the problems faced by fresh mechanical graduates in the corporate
world and how to overcome them. This study is significant because, after COVID -19 outbreak, HR wants a
personality that can be best at the factory shop floor as well as in-office with desired skills.
The Role of Industrial Engineering Management in the New Era of Industrial Re...JosephineSurya2
This paper is submitted to fulfill the English 2 Task study program Industrial Engineering 2nd semester Buddhi Dharma University, Tangerang. Lecturer: Dra. Harisa Mardiana, M.Pd.
Current Trends in Product Development during COVID-19vivatechijri
This paper will summarize the authors´ experience over the last decades, from new methods developed
and used within Product Development, as well as current trends. Hence, a general and broad overview is
presented, rather than recent research results. Driving forces in PD are: Technology, Market and Society.
Ecological, economic and social sustainability require recycling, reuse, energy conservation and new business
concepts. Customization is carried out by modular architecture, combining customer specific products with
volume production of components and sub-systems. PD integrates “hard” properties (engineering), with “soft”
properties (industrial design). Fundamental PD characteristics are: Iteration, Integration (technical and
organizational), and Innovation. Globally distributed industrial partners co-operate using Internet. Iteration:
modeling/simulation, virtual prototyping and additive manufacturing speed up process loops. Structured PD:
Initial specification of “what” – functional requirements, then “how” - generation of design solutions.
Interdependencies analysis is important to simplify the product´s structure. The V-model for specification and
verification is commonly used. A 3-stage industrial process separates strategy, core technology development, and
product design for market introduction.
Similar to There is Always A Better Way: The Argument for Industrial Engineering (20)
Structure failure often occurs in the structure of wall. This failure can adversely affect the comfort level of the structure. Knowing the behavior of structure resulting from the load is important, as it can help to predict the strength of the structure and comfort of the structure being worked on. One way to find out and predict the strength and comfort of the structure as a result of the load received is experimental test and simulation. The simulation VecTor2 used to predict the shear force, crack, and displacement of reinforced concrete wall when applied the load. This simulation considered the effect of bond stress-slip effect of behavior reinforced concrete. Bonds stress-slip gives a great influence on the strength and hysteretic response of the reinforced concrete wall. That is why this study considers the influence of bond stress-slip on reinforced concrete wall. All the result of simulation VecTor2 using bond stress-slip effect would be compared with the result of the experimental test to see the accuracy of the simulation test.
The concept of sustainable construction is increasingly affecting the development of the construction market.The specificity of construction as an economic activity and ofthe construction product (goods and services) determine the existence of a complex vertical chain of links, involving different actors, who tend to work in the short term and are limited to the rational use of knowledge and experience in practice. Moreover, it is characterized by a low level of inter-company relationshipsresulting in a fragmentation of responsibilityand complicates and hinders the realization of projects and sites,which meet the requirements of sustainable construction. Sustainable construction requires a holistic approach and substantial changes in the organization of construction activity, both at the market and firm level, under the active role of the state. The aim of the study is: 1) analysis of problems in the vertical chain of connections in the construction market, 2)an analysis of the possibilities for creating stable long-term relationships and a joint approach of clients, contractors and subcontractors, which can provide economic, social and environmental efficiency of the construction.
Since the recent development of UAVs(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and digital sensors technology has enabled the acquisition of high-resolution image data, it is considered that the image data of riverside can be analysed. Therefore, this study analyses the applicability of remote sensing techniques through image analysis in river systems and habitats. The target stream in this study was the Cheongmi stream and the applicability of the river environmental evaluation technique was analysed through image analysis. The satellite images used for the analysis of river topography and environments were compared with the aerial images taken by a micro UAV), and the river environmental evaluation was carried out with the field research at the same time. The data acquisition range and application limit by river environmental evaluation technique proposed previously were evaluated, and as a result, it was found that it was possible to draw various evaluation parameters using a drone that could take an image at a low altitude in comparison to satellite images.
The study was carried out using the UAV for analyzing the characteristics of debris in order to present the methodology to estimate the quantitative amount of debris caught in small river facilities. A total of six small rivers that maintained the form of a natural river were selected for collecting UAV images, and the grouping of each target in the image was carried out using the object-based classification method, and based on the object-based classification result of the UAV images, the land cover classification for the status of factors causing the generation of debris for six target sections was carried out by applying the screen digitizing method. In addition, in order to verify the accuracy of the classification result, the error matrix was performed, securing the reliability of the result. The accuracy analysis result showed that for all six target sections, the overall accuracy was 93.95% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.93, showing an excellent result.
Multilevel Inverters are getting popular and have become more attractive to researchers in the recent times for high power applications due to their better power quality and higher efficiency as compared to two level inverters. This research work presents a detailed comparative analysis of various multicarrier sinusoidal PWM schemes such as In Phase Disposition, Phase Opposition Disposition and Alternate Phase Opposite Disposition implemented on five level conventional and modified cascaded h-bridge inverters in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Conventional five level topology uses eight switches and suffers from increased switching complexity while modified five level topology uses only five switches and is recommended to reduce switching complexity and switching losses. It also ensures less number of components, reduced size and overall cost of the system. The effect of modulation index (Ma) on the output harmonic contents in various PWM techniques is also analyzed.
Objective: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide.Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important element in this disease.The aim of this study is to prepare TiO2/ZnO nanocomposite (NC), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO)nanoparticles (NPs) to determine the anticancer activity on human CC cell line (HeLa) and healthy mouse fibroblast cell line (L-929). Materials&Methods: ZnO, TiO2 NPs and NC were prepared by a solution combustion synthesis method. The samples were characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Stability analysis was performed with zeta potential. The synthesized NC and NPs were permormed to the HeLa and L-929 cell lines and anticancer activity of these NC and NPs were determined by using MTT method. The HeLa and L-929 cells were treated with different concentrations of these NC and NPs (0,5-100 μg/ml) for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The spectrophotometric readings at 570 nm were recorded and analysed with Graphpad Prism7. Results: NC and NPs were successfully synthesized. The effects of these NC and NPs on the HeLa and L-929 cells were compared with the control group and IC50 values were determined for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Then we compared the effects of these molecules on the L-929 cell line with the HeLa cell line and founded more active is on HeLa cells. Conclusion:There are many drugs used in CC treatment. However, undesirable toxicity and drug resistance of these drugs negatively affect treatment.We have synthesized NC and NPs in order to formulate basis of a new drug in this study and have identified anti-cancer activity.As a result, we found that NC and NPs anti-cancer activity was higher in HeLa cells than in L-929.
Graphene is a material that attracts attention in technical textile applications as in many other areas due to its outstanding features. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the performance properties of graphene coated fabrics. Pre-treated polyester fabrics were coated with nano-graphene powders at different concentration rates (50, 100 and 200 g/kg) by knife-over-roll technique. According to test results, generally, the graphene coating had a positive effect on the performance properties of polyester fabrics.
This study was focused on the effects of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) additive on process parameters and compost quality of Co-composting of filter cake and bagasse. Filter cake and bagasse were mixed and sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA) from a heating power plant of sugar mill. Three compost mixes (M) were obtained: MA with 0%, MB with 10% and MC with 20 wt % of fuel ash. These three different mixes were composted in an experimental composter as three parallel experiments for 3 weeks each. The physical, chemical and biological parameters were monitoring during composting. Significantly, ash additives decreased the total organic carbon; measured by mineralization the breaking down of the organic matter was more rapid in the MC than in the MA, as well as increased the pH during composting. Interesting, the pH decreased was most important in MA and attend 5 for the first week of composting, and then it gradually increased to pH around 8 at the end of the process. The results indicated that ash inhibits the pH drop due to production of organic acids during composting. The acidity of the material was reported as affects the process during the initial phase of rising temperature and quality of the final product. The temperature reached up to 50-55oC during thermophilic phase, the greater temperature was obtained for MC. At the end of composting, the electrical conductivity increased in the MC, especially in MC, but don’t exceed limit (4 mS/cm) for prevent phytotoxicity of the compost. The SCBA additive was likely to speed up the composting process of bagasse with filter cake from 44 days to 33 days.
The work presents report on production and analysis of bioresin from epoxidized mango kernel oil (EMKO). The bioresin (acrylated epoxidized mango kernel oil) or AEMKO was produced from epoxidized mango kernel oil via acrylation chemical reaction route. The FTIR spectrum analysis of epoxidized mango kernel oil (EMKO) and acrylated epoxidized mango kernel oil (AEMKO) produced gave the degree of acrylation (DOA) as 46%. The Viscosity of AEMKO (resin) was determined at room temperature (25 °C) to be 387cP while the density at 25oC was 1.2 g/cm3. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the bioresin was determined to be 95oC. Production cost analysis of the bioresin was done and found to be N8, 804.35 per litre. The high cost was due to high costs of the chemicals, labour and overhead charges involved at my local level. At commercial level, those components of the costs would definitely reduce to the level compatible with synthetic (polyester) resin (N2, 500 per litre) currently sold by some markers in Nigeria. However, the overall results of the work demonstrated that bioresin can be successfully synthesized from mango kernel oil with properties compatible with ASTM standards. The commercial production of the bioresin will go a long way in mitigating some of the challenges associated with total use of fossil fuel currently use for production of bulk of synthetic resins for composite manufacturing activities.
The window functions used for digital filter design are used to eliminate oscillations in
the FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter design. In this work, the use of Particle Swarm Optimization
(PSO) algorithm is proposed in the design of cosh window function, in which has widely used in the
literature and has useful spectral parameters. The cosh window is a window function derived from the
Kaiser window. It is more advantageous than the Kaiser window because there is no power series
expansion in the time domain representation. The designed window function shows better ripple ratio
characteristics than other window functions commonly used in the literature. The results obtained
were presented in tables and figures and successful results were obtained
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between 2D gray scale pixels and 3D gray scale pixels of image reconstructions in computed tomography (CT). The 3D space image reconstruction from data projection was a challenging and difficult research problem. The image was normally reconstructed from the 2D data from CT data projection. In this descriptive study, a synthetics 3D Shepp-Logan phantom was used to simulate the actual data projection from a CT scanner. Real-time data projection of a human abdomen was also included in this study. Additionally, the Graphical User Interface (GUI) for the application was designed using Matlab Graphical User Interface Development Environment (GUIDE). The application was able to reconstruct 2D and 3D images in their respective spaces successfully.The image reconstruction for CT in 3D space was analyzedalong with 2D space in order to show their relationships and shared properties for the purpose of constructing these images.
In this work the antimicrobial activity and the economic viability analysis of the essential oil extracted from the hybrid formed by the seeds species of the Murupi (Capsicum chinense), Criollos de Morellos (Capsicum annuum) and Finger of the young (Capsicum baccatum ). The essential oil of the pepper was obtained by the steam drag process and for this extraction, the Soxhlet method was used. For the determination of the antimicrobial activity of the oil the disc diffusion method was used for the strains of Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results point out the resistance of the tested strains to the essential oil of the respective pepper and, in terms of financial and economic aspects, this was not feasible on a small scale. It is suggested that other microorganisms be tested and, later, that studies be carried out with the purpose of characterizing the studied oil chemically for proper application in the agroindustry.
Eliminating Gibbs phenomenon, which occurs during design of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filter and which is undesirable, is very important in order to provide expected performance from digital filter. Window functions have been developed to eliminate these oscillations and to improve the performance of the filter in this regard. In this work, an application was developed for designing window function using LABVIEW which is a graphical programming environment produced by National Instruments. LABVIEW offers a powerful programming environment away from complexity. In this work, the performances of cosh and exponential window functions, which are designed by using the possibilities of LABVIEW in programming, are examined and the situations that will occur under various conditions are compared.
Better efficiency of the air transport system of a country at the national level, especially in terms of its
capacity to generate value for passenger flow and cargo transport, effectively depends on the identification of
the demand generation potential of each hub for this type of service. This requires the mapping of the passenger
flow and volume of cargo transport of each region served by the system and the number of connections. The
main goal of this study was to identify important factors that account for the great variability (demand) of
regional hubsof the airport modal system in operation in the State of São Paulo, the most populated and
industrialized in the Southeast region in Brazil. For this purpose, datasets for each airport related to passengers
or cargo flow were obtained from time series data in the period ranging from January 01, 2008 to December
31, 2014. Different data analysis approaches could imply in better mapping of the flow of the air modal system
from the evaluation of some factors related to operations/volume. Therefore, different statistical models - such
as multiple linear regression with normal errors and new stochastic volatility (SV) models - are introduced in
this study, to provide a better view of the operation system in the four main regional hubs, within a large group
of 32 airports reported in the dataset.
Linear attenuation coefficient (휇) is a measure of the ability of a medium to diffuse and absorb radiation. In the interaction of radiation with matter, the linear absorption coefficient plays an important role because during the passage of radiation through a medium, its absorption depends on the wavelength of the radiation and the thickness and nature of the medium. Experiments to determine linear absorption coefficient for Lead, Copper and Aluminum were carried out in air. The result showed that linear absorption Coefficient for Lead is 0.545cm – 1, Copper is 0.139cm-1 and Aluminum is 0.271cm-1 using gamma-rays. The results agree with standard values.
This study presents results of Activity Concentrations, Absorbed dose rate and the Annual Effective dose rates of naturally occurring radionuclides (40K, 232Th and 226Ra) absorbed in 8 soil samples collected from different areas within the Ajiwei mining sites in Niger State, North Central Nigeria. A laboratory γ-ray spectrometry NaI (Tl) at the Centre for Energy Research and Training (CERT), Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, was used to carry out the analysis of the soil samples. The values of Activity Concentration for 40K ranged from 421.6174 ± 7.9316 to 768.7403 ± 7.9315; for 226Ra it ranged from 20.6257 ± 2.0858 to 44.0324 ± 5.0985 and for 232Th the ranged is from 23.7172 ± 1.3683 to 62.7137 ± 4.1049 Bq.Kg-1. While the Absorbed Dose for 40K ranged from 17.5814 ± 0.3307 to 32.0565 ± 0.3307 ŋGy.h-1, for 226Ra the range is from 9.5291 ± 0.9636 to 20.3430 ± 2.3555 ŋGy.h-1 and for 232Th range from 14.3252 ± 0.4414 to 37.8791 ± 2.4794 ŋGy.h-1. The total average Absorbed Dose rate of the 8 soil samples collected is 63.7877 ŋGy.h-1 and the estimated Annual Effective Dose for the sampled areas range from 0.0636- 0.1028mSvy-1 (i.e 64 – 103 μSv.y-1), with an average Annual Effective Dose of 0.0782 mSv.y-1 (i.e. 78.2 μSv.y-1). These results show’s that the radiation exposure level reaching members of the public in the study areas is lower than the recommended limit value of 1 mSv.y-1 (UNSCEAR, 2000). Also the mean Radium Equivalents obtained ranged from 107.3259 BqKg-1 (AJ1) to 179.4064 BqKg-1 (AJ4). These results show that the recommended Radium Equivalent Concentration is ≤ 370 BqKg-1 which is the requirement for soil materials to be used for dwellings, this implies that the soil from this site is suitable use for residential buildings. The mean External Hazard Index ( Hext ) ranged from 0.1229 Bqkg-1 (AJ3) to 0.4226 Bqkg-1 (AJ7).. While the maximum allowed value of (Hext = 1) corresponds to the upper limit of Raeq (370 BqKg-1) in order to limit the external gamma radiation dose from the soil materials to 1.5 mGy y-1. That is, this Index should be equal to or less than unity (Hext ≤ = 1). Furthermore, the mean Internal Hazard Index (Hext) ranged from 0.3456 Bqkg-1 (AJ1) to 0.6453 Bqkg-1 (AJ2) .Finally, the mean value of the Excess Alpha Radiation (Iα) ranged from 0.1031 Bq.Kg-1 (AJ1) to 0.2202 Bq.Kg-1 (AJ3. All these values for Iα are below the maximum permissible value of Iα= 1 which corresponds to 200 Bq.Kg-1. It can therefore be said that no radiological hazard is envisaged to dwellers of the study areas and the miners working on those sites area.
Pick and place task is one among the most important tasks in industrial field handled by “Selective
Compliance Assembly Robot Arm” (SCARA). Repeatability with high-speed movement in horizontal plane is
remarkable feature of this type of manipulator. The challenge of design SCARA is the difficulty of achieving
stability of high-speed movement with long length of links. Shorter links arm can move more stable. This
condition made the links should be considered restrict then followed by restriction of operation area
(workspace). In this research, authors demonstrated on expanding SCARA robot’s workspace in horizontal area
via linear sliding actuator that embedded to base link of the robot arm. With one additional prismatic joint the
previous robot manipulator with 3 degree of freedom (3-DOF), 2 revolute joints and 1 prismatic joint is become
4-DOF PRRP manipulator. This designation increased workspace of robot from 0.5698m2 performed by the
previous arm (without linear actuator) to 1.1281m2 by the propose arm (with linear actuator). The increasing
rate was about 97.97% of workspace with the same links length. The result of experimentation also indicated
that the operation time spent to reach object position was also reduced.
The paper contains several technical solutions of air and moisture permeability in textile
layers and theirs combinations. It is useful collection of the author’s knowledge from several last years.
Discussed are also various marketing declarations of miraculous characteristics of individual used materials.
Examples show not only own technical solution, but also the good description of ongoing processes, using the
method of numerical simulation.
Physical and chemical properties of host environment to concrete structures have serious impact on
the performance and durability of constructed concrete facilities. This paper presents a 7-month study that
simulated the influence of soil contamination due to organic abattoir waste and indiscriminate disposal of spent
hydrocarbon on strength and durability of embedded concrete. Concrete mix, 1:1.5:3 was designed for all cube
and beam specimens with water-cement ratio of 0.5 and the compressive and flexural strengths of the specimen
were measured from age 28 days up to 196 days in the host environment. It was found that both host
environments attack the physical and strength of concrete in compression and flexure. However, hydrocarbon
had much greater adverse effect on the load-carrying capacity of concrete structures and hence make
constructed facilities less serviceable and vulnerable to premature failure.
Visualization of cartographic systems in mobile devices is a challenge due to the its own
limitations to show all the relevant information that the user needs on the screen. Within this paper we review
current state-of- the-art technological solutions to face this problem and we classify them in a novel typology. In
addition, it is shown an example case of a developed system for a logistic company specialized in dangerous
goods. The system is able to calculate optimal routes and communicate the drivers the best path in order to
achieve a great management of the company resources
More from International Journal of Modern Research in Engineering and Technology (20)
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
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engineering discipline and breaks down the top 50
colleges with enrollment for particular engineering
disciplines.
The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics
provided information for national estimates for this
occupation, including industries with the highest
concentration of employment, geographical areas
with the highest concentration of employment, and
the projected growth. It also provided information on
employment in Louisiana.
The Business Source Complete library database
was utilized to research various articles and journals
on Industrial Engineering and the impact it has on
different industries outside of manufacturing.
The impact industrial engineering can have on
business was also researched, along with different
techniques such as Throughput Accounting and
Theory of Constraints. Challenges and obstacles
facing industrial engineering were also researched in
various library databases, such as the development
of Industry 4.0, and applying technical problem
solving and decision-making to business.
III. Literature Review and Results
3.1 Undergraduate Studies: Industrial
Engineering
My analysis began with identifying the
uniqueness of industrial engineering. While
industrial engineering does share some of the same
coursework as other engineering majors, such as
Calculus and Physics, the coursework for this major
begins to change drastically from other majors once
a student typically reaches their 5th
semester of
studies. Table 1 below shows a comparison of the
industrial engineering curriculum to both mechanical
engineering and civil engineering curriculums from
Louisiana State University [4]. The table below
shows crossover classes, as well as classes exclusive
to industrial engineering.
Course ID Industrial
Engr.
Mechanical
Engr.
Civil
Engr.
Calculus I X X X
Calculus II X X X
Statics X X X
Strengths X X X
Mfg.
Processes
X X
Econ.
Principles
X X X
Materials X X
Fluids X X
Dynamics X X
Basic
Statistics
X X
Adv.
Statistics
X
Lean Mfg. X
QC & Six
Sigma
X
Supply
Chain
X
Table 1: Undergraduate Studies Comparison
As demonstrated above, the industrial
engineering curriculum differs greatly from that of
mechanical and civil engineering. The courses taken
by industrial engineering students arguably
constitute more of a business case, and what
businesses are moving towards in this day and age:
Basic and Advanced Statistics, Lean Manufacturing,
QC (Quality Control) and Six Sigma, and Supply
Chain.
3.2 Engineering by the Numbers: Industrial
Engineering
The academic journal Engineering by the
Numbers was consulted, which provides a
break-down of engineering bachelor’s degrees
awarded by school and discipline in the United
States. Figure 1 shows the 2016-2017 results.
Georgia Institute of Technology holds the top spot
for both industrial and mechanical engineering
bachelor’s degrees awarded, while Texas A&M
holds the top spot for civil engineering [5].
Other discipline statistics worth noting are that
of civil and mechanical engineering. As shown in
Figure 1, mechanical holds the top spot for the
number of bachelor’s degrees awarded in 2016-2017
with a total of 30,030, and civil engineering holds
the 4th
highest spot., with a total of 11,920. Industrial
engineering holds the 8th
spot amongst awarded
bachelor’s degrees in 2016-2017 with a total of
6,439 [5].
3.3 Bureau of Labor Statistics: Industrial
Engineers
The Bureau of Labor Statistics shows current
employment of Industrial Engineers in the United
States totals to 265,520 as of May 2017. The
industries with the highest concentration of
employment of Industrial Engineers is as follows
(from greatest to least) [6]:
1. Aerospace product and parts
manufacturing
2. Engine, turbine, and power transmission
equipment manufacturing
3. Semiconductor and other electronic
component manufacturing
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4. Navigational, measuring, electromedical,
and control instruments manufacturing
5. Communications equipment manufacturing
The states with the highest concentration of
employment in this occupation are [6]:
1. Michigan
2. South Carolina
3. Indiana
4. Minnesota
5. Connecticut
The employment total of Industrial Engineers
as of May 2017 in Louisiana is 1,760 (only 0.66% of
total employment in the United States) [6]. There are
a total of 115 universities in the United States that
offer industrial engineering as a course of study.
Louisiana only has two universities that offer the
undergraduate program: Louisiana State University
and Louisiana Tech. In 2017, a total of 59 students
were awarded Industrial Engineering bachelor’s
degrees in Louisiana [3].
IV. Discussion
As proven in Section 3, industrial engineering is
an engineering discipline which offers a unique set
of skills that differentiates itself from other
engineering disciplines. However, when compared to
other disciplines such as mechanical or civil
engineering, its numbers in terms of university
enrollment and employment are oddly low [3, 6].
While this discipline has been garnering more
attention nationally in recent years (and is expected
to increase), attention to the major in Louisiana still
lags far behind the rest of the nation [3, 6]. Below, I
discuss the positive impact industrial engineering
can have on businesses, how they fit into the rise of
automation and industry 4.0, challenges and
obstacles faced by the major, and the adverse effects
of low employment levels of industrial engineers in
Louisiana.
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4.1 Business Impact
There is one thing for certain: a business must
have cash to survive and thrive. A company’s cash
flow, cash position, and liquidity all play important
roles in evaluating a company’s financial strength
[7]. Industrial engineering can have a major impact
on a company’s financial strength due to the nature
of one’s technical expertise. While industrial
engineering shares similar skill sets as other
engineering disciplines, such as problem solving and
critical thinking, what makes industrial engineering
unique is where its focus lies: optimization. In other
words, an industrial engineer’s focus is making the
best or most effective use of a situation or resource,
something that applies across industries and
something that all businesses strive to accomplish
within their organization [8].
Optimization is linked to a company’s financial
strength
because of resource allocation and the ability to
streamline processes and reduce cost. It is also not
limited to manufacturing; it is inherently diverse in
its application [8]. For example, one can study
drive-thrus for fast food restaurants to determine
which layout provides the fastest service (two
windows vs two queues, etc) [9]. This can also be
applied to hospitals, by determining how many beds
are needed in an ER [10]. The list of application for
optimization of resources goes on and on.
Another reason an industrial engineer’s field of
study has a large impact on business is the fact that
one needs to look at a much larger picture than that
of other engineering disciplines. To be an effective
industrial engineer, one must not only create
solutions, but also view possible outcomes of how
their solution affects the entire system [8,15]. For
example, when applying Theory of Constraints to
bottlenecks, one must view how increasing
throughput on one bottleneck affects other processes
involved, and what other bottlenecks may be
produced as a result [11]. Also, one must look at the
monetary implications of making these changes.
Information about costs and production progress
should also not only be fed back to the bottlenecks,
but also as a way to foresee and avoid problems [1].
An industrial engineer’s work provides a
business case in all aspects of optimization and
streamlining processes. Companies can benefit
tremendously from this application of knowledge to
one’s business, and the results from these
improvements are visible through a number of
different performance indicators, in addition to
monetary gains.
4.2 Future Trends and Industry 4.0
Manufacturing and other industries are moving
towards high-tech automation of processes and tasks.
Where do industrial engineers fit into this world of
automation? How can process improvement methods
be applied to something automated, with no people
working on tasks within a manufacturing facility or
business?
While there are many benefits to automation,
such as speed, consistency and quality, some
drawbacks can occur from automating too much, too
fast. One proponent of automation is Elon Musk. He
stated in 2016 that “You can’t really have people in
the production line itself. Otherwise you’ll
automatically drop to people speed.” At the time,
Musk was working towards having a fully
automated conveyor system to produce his Tesla car
line. Fast forward to a few months later after he
made this statement, and Musk’s network of
conveyor belts in his production plant are gone.
Musk stated “It was not working. So we got rid of
the whole thing.” While Musk’s idea of a fully
automated system had good intentions, the
implementation of such a system requires a large
amount of analysis with regards to many different
factors, one of which includes the potential for break
downs and maintenance issues, loss of time due to
maintenance, and the need for highly-trained people
to be able to maintain such a complicated system
[12].
Another example of automation gone wrong is
Toyota Production Systems (TPS), a company who
is well known for their operational excellence. TPS
had to learn the hard way from one of their highly
automated plants located in Japan that automation is
not the answer to everything. The vehicles made at
this plant did not sell well, and TPS lost money
because of the financial implications of automation:
automation offers too little flexibility to adjust to
market demand and a high fixed cost. This leads to a
high break-even point that is difficult to meet [12].
The lesson to be learned from these two
examples is that people are still a critical component
needed in automated systems. People are needed to
maintain the machines, upgrade them, and deal with
anomalies. Also, the same industrial engineering
principles can be applied whether a person or
machine does the work. People can be trained to see
waste even in an automated process, and industrial
engineering is key to teaching people to see waste in
these automated processes [12].
4.3 Engineering Management
Industrial Engineering’s curriculum is closely
tied to an emerging master’s degree program known
as Engineering Management. This degree is offered
to those who have received an undergraduate degree
in engineering. Engineering Management equips
engineers with a crucial mix of business and
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technical skills, and exposes engineers to many
industrial engineering methodologies such as Theory
of Constraints. It provides a foundation in project
management, financial management, organizational
behavior, and improves leadership skills [3, 15].
Engineering Management is important because
it teaches engineers the skills needed to look at an
organization in a broader sense. Most times,
businesses ask to solve not only engineering
problems, but customer problems, organizational
problems, and stakeholder problems [3, 15]. Adding
organizational context and business context helps
broaden an engineer’s problem-solving skills and
allows them to make better business decisions.
The Engineering Management degree is gaining
popularity amongst universities, and enrollment is
predicted to increase steadily over the coming years
[3]. In 2016-2017 in the United States, 3,225
master’s degrees in Engineering Management were
awarded (5% of engineering master’s degrees). In
Louisiana, there are currently two universities that
offer a master’s degree in Engineering Management:
Louisiana Tech, and the University of New Orleans.
There were forty graduates that received a Master’s
in Engineering Management in 2016-2017 in
Louisiana [3].
4.4 Industrial Engineering in Louisiana
As shown in Section 3.2 and 3.3, Louisiana
ranks among one of the last states in terms of
industrial engineering graduates, universities that
offer the degree program, and employment in this
field. This may be linked to poor recruitment and
advertisement by universities and companies, and
lack of knowledge of the discipline’s existence or
field of study. Low availability of the discipline in
Louisiana universities is a major contributing factor,
because the fewer colleges that offer this degree in
the state means a lower enrollment in the degree
program. Long term, this could be detrimental to
Louisiana business, as shown in Section 4.1.
As stated in Section 3.3, the industries with the
highest concentration of industrial engineers are [6]:
1. Aerospace product and parts
manufacturing
2. Engine, turbine, and power transmission
equipment manufacturing
3. Semiconductor and other electronic
component manufacturing
4. Navigational, measuring, electromedical,
and control instruments manufacturing
5. Communications equipment manufacturing
According to the Louisiana Economic
Development website, the key industries in
Louisiana contain Aerospace and Advanced
Manufacturing. Even with these two industries alone,
industrial engineering should garner more attention
from universities and businesses in Louisiana due to
the nature of an industrial engineer’s services [13].
Industrial engineering is also gaining more
attention in the areas of healthcare and government
agencies. These two sectors utilize industrial
engineers to provide their expertise to streamline
processes. Both of these sectors, not just in
Louisiana but across the nation, can benefit from
industrial engineers [10].
4.5 Challenges and Obstacles
Even with an industrial engineer’s skill set and
expertise, there are still many challenges and
obstacles one may face. As mentioned before, cash is
king, and businesses most often focus on the
financial impact of projects and processes as
opposed to technical metrics. Some of these metrics
may be difficult for those without a technical
background to understand, limiting communication
of a project’s success between engineers and those
with a business or management background. One
way to counteract this is by focusing on equating
improvements to monetary value [14].
Another obstacle industrial engineers may face
when implementing improvements is that of cost
accounting. Cost accounting is the traditional
approach to accounting, and one that majority of
businesses still use today. Cost accounting’s major
limiting factor is that it does not provide information
in a format to help management identify, prioritize,
and solve problems on a day-to-day basis.
Stagnation in cost accounting’s methods leave
engineers and managers with the impossible task of
making day-to-day decisions based on overall
company metrics, such as net profit and return on
investment. However, there is a way to bridge the
gap between cost accounting and measuring the
impact of local improvements, and this is by
utilizing throughput accounting [14].
Another potential obstacle is that an engineer’s
mindset is considered to be much different than that
of a manager or salesman, and are unjustly accused
of having their heads buried in numbers and product
design rather than concerning themselves with
business and managerial decisions. However, it is
not that an engineer is incapable of making
management decisions; in fact, most engineers are
consulted to make key decisions based on their
ability to analyze and solve problems. The problem
lies in engineers exchanging their roles as doers and
executors to that of advisors and catalysts for solving
problems [1]. One way to encourage this mindset is
to refine an engineer’s business skills by
incorporating more business courses into
engineering curriculums, as explained in Section 4.3.
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V. Conclusions
Industrial engineering was born out of
piecework manufacturing during the Industrial
Revolution. The focus was initially on time
reduction and efficiency, and then broadened into
other areas of study [1]. The discipline has adapted
and evolved over the centuries due to the changes in
technology and manufacturing environment. This
evolution was critical to the survival of the discipline
and has proven the chameleon-like properties that
industrial engineering techniques possess. This has
also opened doors for industrial engineering to
permeate other sectors outside of manufacturing.
Application of these methods has shown great
improvements and success, especially in areas such
as health care and the government [1, 8, 10].
Industrial engineering will be especially
important with the boom of automation and Industry
4.0. Integration and implementation of these
complex systems require analyzing the system in its
entirety, including placement of knowledgeable
personnel to manage and maintain the system, as
well as analyzing the risks associated with high
fixed-cost and inability to adapt to changes in the
market [12].
Even though industrial engineering is gaining
popularity amongst industries outside of
manufacturing, enrollment in universities and
employment levels are still low when compared to
other engineering disciplines, especially in the state
of Louisiana. Universities in the state need to
understand and recognize the importance of this
discipline and the positive impact it can have in
industries that are crucial to the economic health and
development of Louisiana.
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[3] U.S. Department of Education. Institute of
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[4] Louisiana State University. (n.d.). Retrieved
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[6] Bureau of Labor Statistics. (May 2017).
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