This document discusses various theories and models of nursing management. It covers scientific management theory proposed by Taylor, classic organizational theory, human relations theory, and behavioral science theory. For each theory, it provides details on key contributors such as Taylor, Fayol, Follett, McGregor, and Maslow. It discusses concepts from each theory and provides implications for how nursing management can apply concepts from theories such as setting objectives, defining managerial tasks, emphasizing staff development, and fostering positive attitudes and participation. In conclusion, it states that cooperation, coordination, interpersonal relationships, and teamwork are keys to success for nursing management.
The relationship between leadership and management continue to prompt some debate, although the literature demonstrates the need for both (Trent, 2003).
leadership is viewed by some as one of managements many functions; others maintain that leadership requires more complex skills than management and that management is only one role of leadership; still others delineate between the two.
Management is the art of securing maximum results with a minimum of effort so as to secure maximum prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and give the public the best possible service.
~John Mee
The relationship between leadership and management continue to prompt some debate, although the literature demonstrates the need for both (Trent, 2003).
leadership is viewed by some as one of managements many functions; others maintain that leadership requires more complex skills than management and that management is only one role of leadership; still others delineate between the two.
Management is the art of securing maximum results with a minimum of effort so as to secure maximum prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and give the public the best possible service.
~John Mee
Planning
Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a co ordinate and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objectives. Planning is essentially a process of making choice between available alternatives at all levels of decision making.
NURSING MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION
PLACING PEOPLE TO SUITABLE JOB IS A MUST FOR ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL OBJECTIVES. FOR THIS PURPOSE, SUITABLE METHODS ARE TO BE EMPLOYED TO DETERMINE EFFICIENCY, KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND ATTITUDE OF PERSONNEL SO AS TO DEPLOY THEM IN AREAS WHERE THEY CAN MAKE BEST USE OF THEIR SKILLS.
This slide contains the following topics:
YouTube Channel- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMC7aVxc3e4-9kcyjPqkyaw
Approaches of Management- https://youtu.be/4G9CJLwR3SM
1. Classical Approaches
* Scientific Management Theory - Fredrick Winslow Taylor
* Administrative Management - Henri Fayol
* Bureaucratic Management - Max Weber
2. Behavioral Approaches
* Hawthorne Experiments - Elton Mayo
* Maslow's Need Hierarchical Model - Abraham Maslow
3. Contemporary Approaches
* Systems Approach
* Contingency Approach
Planning
Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a co ordinate and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objectives. Planning is essentially a process of making choice between available alternatives at all levels of decision making.
NURSING MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION
PLACING PEOPLE TO SUITABLE JOB IS A MUST FOR ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL OBJECTIVES. FOR THIS PURPOSE, SUITABLE METHODS ARE TO BE EMPLOYED TO DETERMINE EFFICIENCY, KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND ATTITUDE OF PERSONNEL SO AS TO DEPLOY THEM IN AREAS WHERE THEY CAN MAKE BEST USE OF THEIR SKILLS.
This slide contains the following topics:
YouTube Channel- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMC7aVxc3e4-9kcyjPqkyaw
Approaches of Management- https://youtu.be/4G9CJLwR3SM
1. Classical Approaches
* Scientific Management Theory - Fredrick Winslow Taylor
* Administrative Management - Henri Fayol
* Bureaucratic Management - Max Weber
2. Behavioral Approaches
* Hawthorne Experiments - Elton Mayo
* Maslow's Need Hierarchical Model - Abraham Maslow
3. Contemporary Approaches
* Systems Approach
* Contingency Approach
Frederick W. Taylor (1856-1915)
Father of “Scientific Management.
attempted to define “the one best way” to perform every task through systematic study and other scientific methods.
believed that improved management practices lead to improved productivity.
Three areas of focus:
Task Performance
Supervision
Motivation
Scientific management incorporates basic expectations of management, including:
Development of work standards
Selection of workers
Training of workers
Support of workers
Introduction to Organisational BehaviourISAAC Jayant
Organisational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that Individuals, Groups and Structure have on behavior within organization for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organisations effectiveness. (Stephen. P. Robbins).
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Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
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2. Introduction
• “Practice without theory is blind & t
heory without practice nothing.”
• “Theory & practice are two sides of
coin”
“ Practice makes man perfact ”
Is it true ? ???????
4. TYPES OF THEORY
• A. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
• THEORY:
• B. CLASSIC ORGANIZATIONAL
• THEORY
• C. HUMAN RELATION THEORY:
• D. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE THEORY Anger
management theory
5. A. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
• Principles: the scientific management focuses on
The measurement of
outcome
6. A. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
Frederick W. Taylor (1856-
1915
Gantt Henry I. Gantt (1861-
1910
Emerson (1853-1936)
7. The flow & feedback in an open system
( Bertlanffy)
External Environment
Input ( resourses )
Human ,capital land
equipment Building
technology,Informati
on
Transformation or
conversion Process
Output
Good service
Feed back
8. Charecteristics & how it apply in nur
sing management ?
• 1).Input 5).Entropy
• 2).Throughput/ 6).Feedback
&
coding p
rocess
Transformation
• 3).Output 7).Differencia
tion
• 4).Cyclic event 8).Equifinality
9. FREDERIC WINSLOW TAYLOR (1857 - 19
15)
• Fredric Taylor was born in 1856 in a we
ll to do family of Philadelphia.
• Taylor believed that the principle “best
management is a true science”.
• According to him the objective of man
agement is to secure the maximum pr
osperity for the employer, coupled wit
h the maximum prosperity for each em
ployee.
10. Achievements of Taylor:
He trained his workers to follow the time to
complete the task given. The most productive
workers were hired even when they were paid
an incentive or wage.
1 Labour costs per unit were reduced as a result.
2 Responsibilities of management were
separated from the functions of the workers.
.
11. Cont….
• 4. Developed systematic approach
to determine the most efficient
means of production.
• 5. He considered management
function is to plan.
• 6. Working conditions and methods
to be standardized to maximize
the production
12. CONT…
• 7. It was the management‘s responsibility to select an
d train the workers rather than
• allow them to choose their own jobs and train by the
mselves.
• 8. He introduced an incentive plan to pay the workers
according to the rate of production to minimize worke
rs dissent and reduce resistance to improved methods.
• 9. Increased production and produce higher profits.
13. The effect of time- motion study
of Taylor:
• 1. Reduced wasted efforts
• 2. Set standards of performance
• 3. Encouraged specialization and stressed on
the selection of qualified workers who could
be developed for a particular job.
14. 2) Emerson (1853-1936):
• His emphasis was on conservation and
• organizational goals and objectives. He defined
principles of efficiency related to:
• 1. Interpersonal relations and to system
in management.
• 2. Goals and ideas should be clear and well-
defined as the primary objective is to produce t
he best product as quickly as possible at minim
al expense.
• 3. Changes should be evaluated.
• 4. Competent counsel ―is essential.
15. His theory explains about
• 1. Management can strengthen discipline or adhere
nce to the rules by justice, or equal enforcement on
all records, including adequate, reliable and immedi
ate information about the expenses of equipment an
d personnel should be available as a basis for decisio
ns.
• 2. Dispatching or production scheduling is recomme
nded.
• 3. Standardized schedules, conditions and written in
structions should be there to facilitate performance.
• 4. ―Efficiency rewards ―should be given for succes
sful completion of tasks.
• 5. Emerson moved further beyond scientific manage
ment to classic organizational theory
16. 3 ). Charles Babbage (1792-1871
• Charles Babbage ,a scientist mainly interested in
mathematics, contributed to the management th
eory by developing the principles of cost accoun
ting and the nature of relationship between vario
us disciplines. Charles
• 1) Division and assignment of work on the basis
of skill and
• 2) The means of determining the feasibility
of replacing manual operations with automati
c machinery.
17. B. CLASSIC ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY
• Importance of classic organization theory:
• · The classic administration-organization thinking beg
an to receive attention in1930.
• · Organization is viewed as whole rather than focusin
g solely in production.
• · The concepts of scalar levels, span of control,
authority, responsibility, accountability, line staff rela
tionships, decentralization, and departmentalization b
ecome prevalent
18. Three pioneers of Classic organizational
theory
• 1) Henry Fayol (1841-1925):
•
• 2) Max Webber theory (1864-1920):
• 3) James Mooney Theory (1884-1957)
19. James Mooney Theory (1884-1957):
4 Scalar process
organizes level of
commands.
3 Coordination and
synchronization of
activities for the
accomplishment of goal
2 Arrange authority in to a
higher Archie.
1. Functional affects the
performance of one‘s job
descriptionFour universal
principles
20. C. HUMAN RELATION THEORY
• managers encourage workers to develop their potentials a
nd help them meet their needs for
1 Recognition 2 Accomplishment 3 Sense of belon
ging
•
•
21. 1). Follett theory (1868-1933):
• 1. Follett stressed the importance of coordinating the
psychological and sociological aspects of management
in 1920s.
• 2. She perceived the organizations a social system an
d management as a social process.
• 3. Indicated that legitimate power is produced by a ci
rcular behaviour where by
• superiors and subordinates mutually influence one ano
ther.
• 4. The law of the situation dictates that a person does
not take orders from another person but from the situ
ation
22. 6. She also stressed on member‘s personali
ties
23. D. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE THEORY
• Emphasis is on:
• Use of scientific procedures to study th
e
1. psychological,
2. Sociological,
3. Anthropological aspects of human
behaviour in organization.
25. DOUGLAS MCGREGOR
• McGregor is the father of the classical theo
ry of management which he termed theory.
• According to him the traditional manager i
n a bureaucracy operates on a set of assum
ptions about human nature and human beh
avior; that he called as Theory X.
• McGregor himself questioned the validity o
f these assumptions and suggested that a d
ifferent set of assumptions, broadly known
as “Theory Y”
26.
27. Passivity to activity
Dependence to
independence
Few behaviors to many
behaviors
Shallow interests to deep
interests
Short-term perspective to
long-term perspective
Subordination to equality
or superiority
Non self-awareness to
self-awareness/self-control
28. Luther Gulick:
• He was influenced by Taylor and Fayol. He use
d Fayal‘s five elements of administration viz.Pl
anning,Organizing,Command,Coordination and
Control as a frame work for his neutral princi
ples. He condensed the duties of administratio
n into a famous acronym‖POSDCORB‖.Each lett
er in the acronym stands for one of the seven
activities of the administrator as given below:
•
30. LYNDAL URWICK
• Lyndal Urwick also one among classical
theorist, attached more importance to
the structure of organization than the r
ole of the people in the organization.
He traces a very large proportion of th
e people in the society. He gave 8 prin
ciples of administration
31. Eight principles of administration
• The
Principle
of
Definition
• The
Principle
of
Coordinati
on
• The
Principle
of
Specializat
ion
• The
Principle
of Span of
Control
The
Principle
of
Objective
The
Principle
of
Correspon
dence
The Scalar
Principle
The
Principle
of
Responsib
ility
32. ABRAHAM MASLOW
• Human beings join the organization to
fulfill their needs. These needs arise in
many areas. Fulfillments of these need
s motivate the human beings to a high
er level of performance. Non-fulfillmen
t of needs will have adverse effect on t
he motivations of the individuals to co
ntribute to organization to realize the
organizational objectives.
33. Maslow‟s theory of human needs has
three assumptions
Human needs are
never completely
satisfied
Human behaviour is purposeful
and is motivated by need
satisfaction.
Hierarchical structure of
importance from the lowest
to highest
36. Implications of management theories in
nursing:
1. Taylor‘s theory can be implemented in nursing to stud
y complexity of care and
determine staffing needs and observe efficiency and n
ursing care.
2. Nurses can utilize Emerson‘s theory of early noti
on of the importance of objectives setting in an org
anization.
3. Nurses should be aware of the managerial tasks as de
fined by Fayol: Planning, Organizing, Directing, Coordin
ating and Controlling.
37. Cont….
4. The theory of human relations of Follett and Lewin e
mphasise the importance for
nurse managers to develop staff to their full potential
and meeting their needs for recognition, accomplishm
ent and sense of belonging.
5. Mc Gregon and Likert support the benefits of positive
attitudes towards people, development of workers, sat
isfaction of their needs and commitment through
participation.
38. Conclusion of all theory is that co-operation,co-ordination,interpersonal re
lationship & team work definetly will give success