A keynote presentation given at the ISBA Digital Strategy and Cybersecurity Conference at the BMA in London on Wednesday 27th March 2019. The presentation looks at the following areas: 1. What is AI? 2. The Ethics of Ai. 3. AI, Education and the #FutureSchool 4. The threat of AI to Fee-paying Education

1. @JESSDubai
@JESS_Director
@IndependentHead
The Rise ofAI
ISBA ITStrategy and
CybersecurityConference
KeynoteAddress
Wed. 27th March2019: 1000-1030
BMAHouse,TavistockSquare,London
This presentation is on my blog
http://independenthead.blogspot.com
Mark S. Steed, MA (Cambridge) MA (Nottingham), MSc (Ashridge-Hult Business School)
Director, JESS, Dubai
Appointed Principal and CEO of Kellett School HK (from September 2019)

2. The Rise ofAI
3. AI, Education and the #FutureSchool
1. What is AI?
2. The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
4. TheThreat of AI to Fee-Paying Education

4. #FutureSchool:TheRiseofAI
ArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearning
Part One:
What is AI?

5. What isAI?
What is Artificial
Intelligence?

6. What isAI?
Artificial Intelligence refers to those
computer systems which are both
autonomous and adaptive.
Autonomy:
The ability to perform tasks in complex environments
without constant guidance by a user.
Adaptivity:
The ability to improve performance by learning from
experience.

8. #FutureSchool:TheRiseofAI
BraveNewWorld?
PartTwo:
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

9. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence

10. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
What should the self-driving car do?
Source: Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine Experiment’
NatureVol 563 November 2018

11. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence

12. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
Source: McKinzey Podcast on
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
1. Bias
Dataset doesn’t reflect main population
Algorithmic Bias
Three levels of Concern

13. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
2. Fairness
Training Dataset is based historical data
which reflects unfair practice.
Algorithmic Bias
Three levels of Concern
Source: McKinzey Podcast on
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

14. Street Bump App in Boston 2011

15. Policing and Recidivism
Recidivism: Likelihood of Reoffending:
Prisoner Questionnaire:
• How many prior convictions have
you had?
• What part did others pay in the
offence?
• What part did alcohol or drugs play?

16. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
2. Fairness
Training Dataset is based historical data
which reflects unfair practice.
Algorithmic Bias
Three levels of Concern
Source: McKinzey Podcast on
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

17. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
2. Fairness
Training Dataset is based historical data
which reflects unfair practice.
1. Bias
Dataset doesn’t reflect main population
3. Unethical
Data model is deliberately skewed or
behaves dishonourably.
Algorithmic Bias
Three levels of Concern
Source: McKinzey Podcast on
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

18. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
What is the
equivalent of the
“Building Regulations”
for AI?
Source: McKinzey Podcast on
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

19. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
1. Diversity of Background of theTeam
(to avoid “group think”)
2. Diversity of Mindset
(personality testing)
3. Diversity of Data
4. Diversity of Algorithmic Models
How do we avoid Algorithmic Bias?
Diversity is the key
Source: McKinzey Podcast on
Ethics of Artificial Intelligence

20. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
What should the self-driving car do?
Source: Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine Experiment’
NatureVol 563 November 2018

21. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
Who decides?
• The Car Manufacturers?
• The Politicians?
• The Ethicists?
• Society?

22. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine’
NatureVol 563 November 2018
Who decides? - We all do
The Moral Machine Experiment platform
gathered 39.61 million decisions in ten languages
from millions of people in 233 countries

23. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine’
NatureVol 563 November 2018

24. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
#FutureJobs:
Algorithm
Ethical Auditor

25. The Ethics of
Artificial
Intelligence
Centre for Data Ethics and
Innovation (CDEI)
The Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation
(CDEI) is an advisory body set up by
Government and led by an independent
board of expert members to investigate and
advise on how we maximise the benefits of
data-enabled technologies, including
artificial intelligence (AI).

26. AI, Ethics and
Education
1. Data
 Security?
 Ownership?
 Privacy?
2. Fairness of access:
 Digital Divide
3. Screen time v human interaction
4. Fairness of the training dataset:
 Danger of reinforcing social/ cultural/
etc. stereotypes

27. AI, Ethics and
Education
There is an urgent need
for an ethical framework
for the use of
AI in Education.

28. AI, Ethics and
Education
Institute for Ethical AI in
Education (IEAIED)

30. #FutureSchool:TheRiseofAI
ArtificialIntelligenceandEducation
PartThree:
AI, Education and the #FutureSchool

31. Education
transformed
in a Millennial
World
Learning in a MillennialWorld
Education will go through
a period of disruptive
change in the next ten
years

32. Three Drivers of Disruptive Change in Education
1. GlobalTeacher
Shortages
3. Decline in the
Importance of
Qualifications
2. Private Sector
Investment in
Education

33. Drivers of
DisruptiveChange
1. Teacher
Shortages
Source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics, Fact Sheet No.39 October 2016
The world will need a total of
44.4 million secondary teachers
by 2030.
27.6 million to replace those who leave;
16.7 million additional teachers.

34. Drivers of
DisruptiveChange
1. Teacher
Shortages
Source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics, Fact Sheet No.39 October 2016
The present model of one teacher
standing in front of a class of
20-30 pupils is unsustainable.

35. Drivers of
DisruptiveChange
2. PrivateSector
Investmentin
Education
Education is very
expensive

36. Drivers of
DisruptiveChange
2. PrivateSector
Investmentin
Education
Education is very big business:
It is a $7 trillion p.a. industry
The EdTech Industry is set to be
worth $252bn by 2020.
IBIS Capital Global EdTech Industry Report 2016

37. Drivers of
DisruptiveChange
3. Decline in the
Importance of
Qualifications

38. Drivers of
DisruptiveChange
3. Decline in the
Importance of
Qualifications

39. AI and
Teaching &
Learning
TeacherShortages
Is AI the answer?

40. AI and
Teaching &
Learning
ReplacingTeachers?
Will AI technology
ever replace teachers?

41. AI and
Teaching &
Learning
ReplacingTeachers?
“As soon as the kids who don’t
go to school do better than
those who do,
then we have a problem.”
Samantha Steed

42. #FutureSchool
Debate:
Where does AI fit in?

44. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Education offered at different price points:
Premium
Mid-Range
Budget

45. Premium
Mid-Range
Budget
AI and the
#FutureSchool
Variables
• School and Class Size
• Facilities
• Qualifications ofTeachers
• Amount of ContactTime
Education offered at different price points:

46. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Premium Education
will be delivered by specialist teachers in
augmented classrooms with a range of resources.
Budget Education
will be delivered totally through online courses on
learning platforms
Mid-Range Education
will be delivered by “blended-learning models” via
AI,VirtualTeaching andVR Conferencing

47. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Budget Education
will be delivered totally through online courses on
learning platforms
Some education is better than no education for the 263m

48. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Budget Education
will be delivered totally through online courses on
learning platforms
AI systems
have the
potential to
transform
education in
the developing
world.
Where does AI
fit in?

49. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Mid-Range Education
will be delivered by “blended-learning models” via
AI,VirtualTeaching andVR Conferencing
Virtual andVRTeaching will be commonplace

50. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Mid-Range Education
will be delivered by “blended-learning models” via
AI,VirtualTeaching andVR Conferencing
AI systems will
play a
significant role
in content
delivery,
assessment
and reporting.
Where does AI
fit in?

51. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Premium Education
will be delivered by specialist teachers in
augmented classrooms with a range of resources.
Classroom of the Future

52. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Premium Education
will be delivered by specialist teachers in
augmented classrooms with a range of resources.
AI systems
augmenting
teaching and
learning:
Where does AI
fit in?

53. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Want more
Homework
Where does AI
fit in?
Want no
Homework
Millennial Parents
Benign-neglect Parenting Lawnmower Parenting
AI learning platforms provide a flexible
homework solution:
The system takes the strain on Marking and
Reporting

54. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Where does AI
fit in? Premium Education
will be delivered by specialist teachers in
augmented classrooms with a range of resources.
AI is likely to change the role of
SecondaryTeachers:
 There will be fewer teachers delivering
content.
 Teachers will be the ‘guide on the side’.
 There will be ‘student motivators’.

55. AI and the
#FutureSchool
Where does AI
fit in? Premium Education
will be delivered by specialist teachers in
augmented classrooms with a range of resources.
Schools need to start using AI
Platforms in order to learn how
they will be able integrate AI and
blended learning programmes
into their Schemes ofWork

56. Education is very big
business:
It was a $5 trillion industry
in 2014 and is growing at
$600 billion a year.
IBIS CapitalGlobal EdTech Industry Report 2016
The teacherless AI-driven classroom is
the Holy Grail of EdTech

57. #FutureSchool:TheRiseofAI
ArtificialIntelligenceandEducation
Part Four:
TheThreat of AI to Fee-Paying
Education

58. #FutureSchool
Debate:
Does AI post a threat to
the future of
Independent Education
and Universities?

59. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
Why Parents buy Independent
and University Education:
One significant reason why parents
choose Independent Schools is that
they provide a competitive
advantage in gaining access
to top universities and thus
to employment in top firms.

60. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
Independent Prep Schools
Independent Senior Schools
Top Universities
Top Employers
Why Parents buy Independent
and University Education:

61. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
11+ and Common Entrance
Top GCSE and A-level Results
Top Degree Results
Career Opportunities/ Salary
Why Parents buy Independent
and University Education:

62. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
To date,
examination success has been
a proxy for the qualities which
top employers are seeking.

63. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
Source: FT 28/01/2016

64. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
Top firms are turning away
from qualifications and using
skills-based aptitude tests
and psychological profiling to
recruit.

65. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
R.I.P.

66. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
R.I.P.

67. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities The trouble is that we don’t
know what the new rules are.

68. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
Independent Schools and
Universities will no doubt
adapt to the new metrics of
success:
Indeed the focus is already
shifting.

69. The threat ofAI
to the
Independent
Sector and
Universities
GCSE
Skills
Qualities
Values
A-Levels
11+ CE
Degree

71. #FutureSchool:TheRiseofAI
ArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearning
Further Study and Credits:

72. Learn aboutAI
and Machine
Learning
University of Helsinki Free Online Course:

73. Learn aboutAI
and Machine
Learning
Coursera Stanford Machine Learning Course:
Week One Course is quite accessible

74. Learn aboutAI
and Ethics
Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine Experiment’
Nature Vol 563 November 2018, 59-64

75. Learn aboutAI
and Ethics

76. Mark S. Steed MA(Cambridge), MA (Nottingham), MSc (Ashridge-Hult Business School)
Director ofJESSDubai
AppointedPrincipal andCEO ofKellettSchoolHK(fromSept 2019)
 Email: mss@jess.sch.ae
mss@kellettschool.com
Twitter: @JESS_Director
@independenthead
LinkedIn: uk.linkedin.com/in/independenthead
Blog: http://independenthead.blogspot.com
SlideShare: http://www.slideshare.net/independenthead