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The Ethics of AI in Education

This document presents a comprehensive overview of the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, discussing its definition, current applications, and the potential benefits and challenges it brings to teaching and learning. It highlights concerns regarding fairness, data issues, and the risk of monopolistic control by AI in educational contexts. The author advocates for an ethical framework to guide the integration of AI in education, emphasizing the need to address data privacy, access disparities, and the implications of AI-driven assessments.

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@Kellett__CEO @IndependentHead The Ethics ofAI in Education Middle EastTeaching and LearningConference Tues. 25th – Thurs.27th August2020 1400-1800Online This presentation is on my blog http://independenthead.blogspot.com Mark S. Steed, MA (Cambridge) MA (Nottingham), MSc (Ashridge-Hult Business School) Principal and CEO of Kellett School, Hong Kong
The Ethics ofAI in Education 3. The Ethics of AI 1. What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? 2. Artificial Intelligence in Education 4. The Ethics of AI in Education
ArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearning Part One: What is AI?
What isAI? What is Artificial Intelligence?
What isAI? Artificial Intelligence refers to those computer systems which are both autonomous and adaptive. Autonomy: The ability to perform tasks in complex environments without constant guidance by a user. Adaptivity: The ability to improve performance by learning from experience.
Machine Learning Machine Learning is the science of getting computers to learn, without being explicitly programmed. Supervised Learning has a data training set Unsupervised Learning has no data training set
Machine Learning Machine Learning in your life:
Supervised Machine Learning How Machine Learning works: Nearest Neighbour to predict behaviour
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
Supervised Machine Learning How Supervised Machine Learning works: Regression to predict behaviour Source: Stanford University Coursera Machine Learning course
ThePromise PartTwo: AI and Education
The Promise of AI in Education Reduction in Teacher Workload Automation of Assessment Automation of Reporting Automation of Record Keeping
The Promise of AI in Education Current Use: Augmentation
The Promise of AI in Education Want more Homework Want no Homework Millennial Parents Benign-neglect Parenting Lawnmower Parenting AI learning platforms provide a flexible homework solution: The system takes the strain on Marking and Reporting
See my Tes Article: ‘Teaching's use of AI is like a horse-drawn automobile’ 16th May 2019 https://www.tes.com/news/teachings-use-ai-horse-drawn-automobile
AI has the potential to solve some of the greatest problems we face in education Source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics, Fact Sheet No.39 October 2016 The world will need a total of 44.4 million secondary teachers by 2030. 27.6 million to replace those who leave; 16.7 million additional teachers.
AI has the potential to solve some of the greatest problems we face in education Source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics, Fact Sheet No.39 October 2016 In global terms, The present model of one teacher standing in front of a class of 20-30 pupils is unsustainable.
AI has the potential to solve some of the greatest problems we face in education Education is very expensive
AI and Teaching & Learning TeacherShortages Is AI the answer?
AI and Teaching & Learning ReplacingTeachers? Will AI technology ever replace teachers?
AI and Teaching & Learning ReplacingTeachers? “As soon as the kids who don’t go to school do better than those who do, then we have a problem.” Samantha Steed
AI and the #FutureSchool Where does AI fit in?
AI and the #FutureSchool Education offered at different price points: Premium Mid-Range Budget
Premium Mid-Range Budget AI and the #FutureSchool Variables • School and Class Size • Facilities • Qualifications ofTeachers • Amount of ContactTime Education offered at different price points:
AI and the #FutureSchool Premium Education will be delivered by specialist teachers in augmented classrooms with a range of resources. Budget Education will be delivered totally through online courses on learning platforms Mid-Range Education will be delivered by “blended-learning models” via AI,VirtualTeaching andVR Conferencing
AI and the #FutureSchool Budget Education will be delivered totally through online courses on learning platforms Some education is better than no education for the 263m
AI and the #FutureSchool Budget Education will be delivered totally through online courses on learning platforms AI systems have the potential to transform education in the developing world. Where does AI fit in?
AI and the #FutureSchool Mid-Range Education will be delivered by “blended-learning models” via AI,VirtualTeaching andVR Conferencing Virtual andVRTeaching will be commonplace
AI and the #FutureSchool Mid-Range Education will be delivered by “blended-learning models” via AI,VirtualTeaching andVR Conferencing AI systems will play a significant role in content delivery, assessment and reporting. Where does AI fit in?
AI and the #FutureSchool Premium Education will be delivered by specialist teachers in augmented classrooms with a range of resources. Classroom of the Future
AI and the #FutureSchool Premium Education will be delivered by specialist teachers in augmented classrooms with a range of resources. AI systems augmenting teaching and learning: Where does AI fit in?
Education is very big business: It was a $5 trillion industry in 2014 and is growing at $600 billion a year. IBIS CapitalGlobal EdTech Industry Report 2016 The teacherless AI-driven classroom is the Holy Grail of EdTech
PolicingtheBraveNewWorld: PartThree: The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence What should the self-driving car do? Source: Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine Experiment’ NatureVol 563 November 2018
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Source: McKinzey Podcast on Ethics of Artificial Intelligence 1. Bias Dataset doesn’t reflect main population Algorithmic Bias Three levels of Concern
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence 2. Fairness Training Dataset is based historical data which reflects unfair practice. Algorithmic Bias Three levels of Concern Source: McKinzey Podcast on Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
Street Bump App in Boston 2011
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence 2. Fairness Training Dataset is based historical data which reflects unfair practice. Algorithmic Bias Three levels of Concern Source: McKinzey Podcast on Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence 2. Fairness Training Dataset is based historical data which reflects unfair practice. 1. Bias Dataset doesn’t reflect main population 3. Unethical Data model is deliberately skewed or behaves dishonourably. Algorithmic Bias Three levels of Concern Source: McKinzey Podcast on Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence What is the equivalent of the “Building Regulations” for AI? Source: McKinzey Podcast on Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence 1. Diversity of Background of theTeam (to avoid “group think”) 2. Diversity of Mindset (personality testing) 3. Diversity of Data 4. Diversity of Algorithmic Models How do we avoid Algorithmic Bias? Diversity is the key Source: McKinzey Podcast on Ethics of Artificial Intelligence
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence What should the self-driving car do? Source: Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine Experiment’ NatureVol 563 November 2018
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Who decides? • The Car Manufacturers? • The Politicians? • The Ethicists? • Society?
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine’ NatureVol 563 November 2018 Who decides? - We all do The Moral Machine Experiment platform gathered 39.61 million decisions in ten languages from millions of people in 233 countries
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine’ NatureVol 563 November 2018
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence #FutureJobs: Algorithm Ethical Auditor
The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (CDEI) The Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (CDEI) is an advisory body set up by Government and led by an independent board of expert members to investigate and advise on how we maximise the benefits of data-enabled technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI).
#FutureSchool:TheRiseofAI ArtificialIntelligenceandEducation Part Four: The Ethics of AI in Education
AI, Ethics and Education There is an urgent need for an ethical framework for the use of AI in Education.
AI, Ethics and Education: FiveConcerns 1. Data Issues: 2. Fairness of access: 3. Fairness of the training dataset: 4. AI Summative Judgements 5. Potential Monopoly on Education
AI, Ethics and Education: FiveConcerns 1. Data Issues  Security?  Ownership?  Privacy?
AI, Ethics and Education: FiveConcerns 2. Fairness of access: a) Digital Divide – Local  Covid-19 School Closures b) Global Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine’ Nature Vol 563 November 2018
AI, Ethics and Education: FiveConcerns 3. Fairness of the training dataset  Danger of reinforcing social/ cultural/ etc. stereotypes  The “Early Adopters” which are shaping the Data Set are not representative:
AI, Ethics and Education: FiveConcerns 4. AI Summative Judgements What ifAI “black box” judgements  replace exams?  determine who goes to university?  determine who gets the job? FinancialTimes 26/01/2016
AI, Ethics and Education: FiveConcerns 5. Potential Monopoly on Education There is potential for there to be an “Amazon of Education” which controls what is taught:  Controls what is allowed be taught c.f. the debate over teaching Britain’s Colonial History  Promoting certain ideologies or lifestyles
AI, Ethics and Education Institute for Ethical AI in Education (IEAIED)
#FutureSchool:TheRiseofAI ArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearning Further Study and Credits:
Learn aboutAI and Machine Learning University of Helsinki Free Online Course:
Learn aboutAI and Ethics
Learn aboutAI and Ethics Awad et al ‘The Moral Machine Experiment’ Nature Vol 563 November 2018, 59-64
Learn aboutAI and Ethics IEAIE Interim Report – 25 Feb 2020 https://www.buckingham. ac.uk/wp- content/uploads/2020/02/ The-Institute-for-Ethical- AI-in-Educations-Interim- Report-Towards-a- Shared-Vision-of-Ethical- AI-in-Education.pdf
Mark S. Steed MA (Cambridge), MA (Nottingham), MSc (Ashridge-Hult Business School) Principal andCEOofKellettSchool, HongKong Email: mss@kellettschool.com Twitter: @independenthead @Kellett_CEO LinkedIn: uk.linkedin.com/in/independenthead Blog: http://independenthead.blogspot.com SlideShare: http://www.slideshare.net/independenthead