The document discusses the passive voice in English. It notes that the passive voice emphasizes the action rather than the subject performing the action. It provides examples of passive voice constructions and their active voice equivalents in different tenses. It also explains how to rewrite sentences from active to passive voice by making the direct object of the active sentence the subject of the passive sentence and using the appropriate form of "to be" along with the past participle of the main verb. It notes some rules about when the agent is omitted from passive voice sentences.

1. THE PASSIVE VOICE

2. INTRODUCTION
 La voz pasiva se utiliza en inglés para resaltar la
importancia de la ACCIÓN sobre el sujeto que la
realiza
Flats are sold
A new school has been built

3. FORM
 SUBJECT + VERB “TO BE” + PARTICIPLE
A new school is built
Our car is being repaired
The thieves were caught
A lot of money will be spent

4. TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE
Present simple They build a bridge A bridge is built
Past simple They built a bridge A bridge was built
Future simple They will build a bridge A bridge will be built
Present continuous They are building a bridge A bridge is being built
Past continuous They were building a bridge A bridge was being built
Present perfect They have built a bridge A bridge has been built
Past perfect They had built a bridge A bridge had been built
Be going to They are going to build a bridge A bridge is going to be built
modals They should build a bridge A bridge should be built
Modal perfects They must have built a bridge A bridge must have been
built

5. REWRITING A SENTENCE IN
THE PASSIVE
 El complemento directo de la frase activa pasa a
ser sujeto en voz pasiva
 Ponemos el verbo “to be” en el mismo tiempo de
la frase activa y el verbo principal (el que
teníamos en la frase activa) en participio
 El sujeto de la voz activa pasa a ser el
complemento agente en pasiva. Se introduce
con la preposición “by”

6. REWRITING A SENTENCE IN
THE PASSIVE
 He has bought some flowers in the flower shop
Some flowers have been bought by him in the
flower shop

7. REWRITING A SENTENCE IN
THE PASSIVE
 El complemento agente no se suele usar cuando
es un pronombre (he, they) o un indefinido
(somebody, people)
 Si un verbo lleva dos complementos (directo e
indirecto), es el complemento indirecto el que se
suele usar como sujeto de la frase pasiva.

8. REWRITING A SENTENCE IN
THE PASSIVE
 I gave my sister a book for her birthday
 My sister was given a book for her birthday
OR
A book was given TO my sister for her birthday

9. NOTICE
 La voz pasiva es más frecuente en inglés que
en español, y en muchos casos se traduce en
forma impersonal.
Se pelan las patatas (potatoes are peeled)
Se han quemado 100 hectáreas de bosque (100
hectares of forest have been burnt)
En Brasil se habla portugués (Portuguese is spoken
in Brazil)

10. EXERCISES
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