Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action rather than the subject performing the action. In passive constructions, the subject receives the action. For example, in the sentence "My bike was stolen", the focus is on the bike being stolen rather than who stole it. Passive voice can also make a statement more indirect or polite by leaving out the subject, as in "A mistake was made". To form the passive voice, use the form of the verb "to be" plus the past participle of the main verb, and make the original subject the object.

1. PassiveVoice

2. Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action.
It is not important or not known, however, who or what
is performing the action.
Example: My bike was stolen.
In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my
bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than
active voice, as the following example shows:
Example: A mistake was made.
In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was
made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have
made a mistake.).

3. Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of
irregular verbs)
Example: A letter was written.
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the
following:
• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject
of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past
participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object
of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

4. Simple Present: writes - is written
Simple Past: wrote - was written
Present Perfect: has written - has been written
Past Perfect Simple: had written - had been written
Future with will: will write - will be written
Going to future: is going to be washed - is going to be
being washed
Modal verb: can write - can be written
Modal verb: Must used – must be used
Modal verb: Should heard - Should be heard

5. De direct object of the active sentence becomes the subject of
the passive sentence.
My mother buys the biscuits
The biscuits are bought by my mother.
Subject pronuns Complement pronouns
I Me
you you
He,she,it Him, her,it.
We Us
you you
they Them

6. John is writing the letter - The letter is being written by John
The car is washed - The car is being washed
Someone stole my bag - My bag was stolen
Carmen is writing a book - A book is being written by Carmen
Bell invented the telephone - The telephone was invented by Bell

7. John is writing the letter - The letter is being written by John
The car is washed - The car is being washed
Someone stole my bag - My bag was stolen
Carmen is writing a book - A book is being written by Carmen
Bell invented the telephone - The telephone was invented by Bell