1. The document discusses the three main types of muscle tissue: smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and skeletal muscle. 2. It describes the structure and organization of skeletal muscle, including that it is striated and composed of bundles of fibers bound by connective tissue sheaths at different levels. 3. The document outlines different arrangements of skeletal muscle fibers, including parallel, pennate, and sphincter configurations. It also categorizes skeletal muscles based on their origin points.

1. Generation team
It is the science which dealing with the study of
the muscles and its associated structures . it is the active
part of locomotor system
the muscles are developed from the embryonic tissue
some muscle are developed from ectoderm
muscle tissue are classified both
morphology and function as:
1: smooth muscle:
1:unstraited and unvoluntary
2:the formed form swindle shape cells
3:arranged in masses in the wall of the hollow organs and
blood vessels>>> as gland , spleen , eyeball and hair
follicles
4:their action is not under will
2: cardiac muscles:
1: striated and involuntary
2:their fibers have cross striation with cent rally located
multinuclei
3:they are arranged in irregular masses
4:their contraction is not under the control of will

2. Generation team
They are striated and under control of well (voluntary)
Structure of the Skeletal Muscles
Formed from a group of muscle BUNDLES1:
2:Each muscle bundle is formed from multinucleated muscle
fibers
3:Each muscle fiber is formed of "Sacroplasm" covered by a
sarcolemmal sheath
4:Each muscle fiber contain a large number of longitudinal
myofibrils embedded in the sarcoplasm giving the muscle its
longitudinal appearance
N.B. the skeletal muscles is striated due to the presence of
the alternating dark and light M. fibers
Organization of the muscle fibers in the
skeletal muscle
Each muscle is covered by a C.T. sheath called (Epimysium)
which extends between groups of muscle fibers ensheating them
and forming the (Perimysium)
Each individual muscle fiber is enveloped by separate
(Endomysial ) sheath
Big groups of muscles are separated by inter-muscular septa.
At the musclo-tendonus junction , each muscle fiber ends
abruptly and its endomysial sheath becomes continuous with the
perimysium to form the basis of the tendon of the muscle
i.e. Endomysium + Perimysium =Tendon
Arrangement Of The Muscle Fibers
in The Skeletal Muscle

3. Generation team
1:Parallel or fusiform : The muscle fibers may be arranged
longitudinally and parallel to each other
2:Pennation: When the muscle fibers be obliquely arranged in
relation to its tendonTypes of the pennation
Unipennate: the fibers converge on one side of the tendonA:
B:Bipennate: the fibers converge on both sides of the tendon
like the feather
C:Multipennate : a group of parallel alternating interamuscular
tendon are developed to the sides of the muscles fibers
D:Circumpennate: the muscle fibers converge on a central
tendon within the muscle , encircling it
E:sphincter: whene the muscle fibers were arranged in rings that
surrounded the natural orifices such as mouth , eye and anus
Types of the skeletal muscles according to
its origin
Uniceps : muscles arises by one head
Biceps: muscles arises by two heads
Triceps: muscles arises by three heads
Quadriceps: muscles arises by four heads
Digastric: muscles arises by two belly with intermediate tendon
Types of the attachment of the skeletal
system
They are rounded or cord like structures

4. Generation team
Formed from a condensed layer of the peri & endomysium
It presents at the extremities of the muscle (musclo-tendanous
junctions)
It attach the muscle to the bone
It presents mostly in the muscles of the limb
Apponurosis:
It is a flat tendon related to the flat muscles.
Ex. Abdominal muscles.
Raphae:
When the apponurosis of two opposite flat muscles met
together . It forms a fibrous line ( raphae)
Ex. Linea alba
Tendinous inter-sections
It is a segmental arrangement between the M. fibers &
the tendons.
Ex. rectus abdominal muscl
Fleshy attachment :The M. fibers itself attached
directly with the bone
Ex. M. brachialis
Fascial attachment: The M. fibers attached with
the skin
Ex. M. Cutaneous

5. Generation team
The accessory structures associated
with the skeletal muscles
Sesamoid Bones: is a small short bones developed
during the course of some tendons
Function
Protect the tendon as it prevent the friction between the
tendon and the bones
Change the direction of the pull of the tendon so it
facilitate its movements
Synovial bursa :it is a closed C.T. sac filled
with synovia formed of a double layer (outer fibrous &
inner synovial layer)
It presents between the soft structure and the hard
structure
It may be
Subtendinous: as the (Bicepital bursa)
Subligamentous: as the (Atlantal bursa)
Subcutaneous: as the (Olecranon bursa)
Synovial tendon sheath
is elongated synovial cushion investing the tendon. It is
formed from two layers exotendon & endotendon.
connected by the mesotendon

6. Generation team
Retinaculum
The deep fascia ( dense c.t.) form a transverse band at the
level of the carps and tarsus to surround and fixed the
tendons during its course
Fascia :it is a sheet or a membrane formed from a
loose or dense C.T
A-External fascia : it is subdivided into
a-Superficial fascia( loose C.T. present directly under
the skin)
b-Deep fascia: (dense C.T.) present in-between and
invest the muscles forming the intermuscular septum
B-Internal fascia : lining the body cavities
Nerve supply of the skeletal muscles
Motor nerve
Sensory nerve
Autonomic nerve
‫مع‬‫تمنياتي‬‫لكم‬‫بالنجاح‬‫والتوفيق‬
‫فريق‬generation team

7. Generation team
‫الدعاء‬ ‫هو‬ ‫منكم‬ ‫نتمناة‬ ‫ما‬ ‫كل‬