A memristor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in a circuit and remembers the amount of charge that has previously flowed through it. Memristors are important because they are non-volatile, meaning that they retain memory without power.

2. BY:
PUNIT TIWARI
Memriste
r“ Now All The EEE Textbooks
Need To Be Changed ”
-IEEE Kirchoff Award Winner Sir Leon
Chua on the Discovery of Memristor

3. THINK…
• Is there any equation to relate flux and charge?
• What if we could create a processor with a basic building block
which acts as a non-volatile memory, logic circuit and
switching circuit all at the same time?
• What if you could suddenly shutdown your computer and then
restart it , to find all your files just like they were before?
• What if you have 1 TB RAM…

4. DID YOU KNOW ?
After
Resistors
Capacitors
Inductors
The 4th basic fundamental circuit element, forming a non-linear
relationship between electric charge and magnetic flux linkage “
MEMRISTER” has been developed.
Fig- Electronic Symbol of
Memristor

5. WHAT IS A MEMRISTOR
“Memristor is Really a
MEMory ResISTOR ”
Memristo
r
Memor
y
Resist
or
+

6. THE MAN BEHIND
MEMRISTOR
1971:
Lion chaua postulates a new article in IEEE
Transactions on Circuit Theory
"Memristor-the Missing Circuit Element"
2008: MAY
Dmitri Strukov, Gregory Snider, Duncan Stewart, and
Stan Williams, of HP Labs, publish an article in Nature
"The missing memristor found"
Prof Leon Ong Chua
University of California,
Berkeley

7. THE MISSING CIRCUIT ELEMENT

8. APPROACH TO MEMRISTOR BY PROF CHUA

9. WILLIAMS' SOLID-STATE MEMRISTORS
Memristors can be combined into devices called
crossbar latches , which could replace transistors
in future computers, in the way that transistors
replaced the vacuum tube.
An Array of 17
purpose-built
Oxygen-
depleted TiO2
Memristor built
@HP Lab in
2008.
The wires are
about 150 atom
wide
Imaged by ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE
02:45, 6 May 2008 :: Source – IEEE Spectrum

10. MEMRISTOR ANALOGY
It behaves like a pipe whose diameter varies according to
the direction and amount of the current passing through
it

11. WORKING
PT PTTiOv(2-x)
TiO2
3 nm
2 nm
Oxidized
Reduced
(-)ve (+)ve
Applied voltage makes the oxygen vacancies
(+ve) to shift towards the –ve voltage.
Fig- Working of A TiO2 based
MEMRISTOR

12. MEMRISTOR : AS A MEMORY UNIT
1 cm2 memristor = 100
GbHP prototyped a crossbar latch memory that can fit 100
gigabits in a square centimeter

13. BUT WAIT…! , NOW THAT’S COOL 
HP has
proposed a
scalable 3D
design
(consisting of
up to 1000
layers or 1
petabit per cm3)
1 cm3 memristor = 1 Pb
Eq to 10000 Tb or 10000000

14. WHAT SETS MEMRISTOR APART ??
• Conventional devices use only 0 and 1 but Memristor can use any
value between 0 and 1.
Faster than Flash memory and DRAM
• Allow digital cameras to take pictures with no delay in between.
• Innovating nanotechnology due to the fact that it performs better the
smaller it becomes.

15. PROPERTY OF MEMRISTOR
Remember (or recall) the last resistance it
had, before being shut off.
By changing the speed and strength of the
current, it is possible to change the behavior
of the device.
A fast and hard current causes it to act as a
digital device.
A soft and slow current causes it to act as an
analog device

17. NON-VOLATILE MEMORIES (NVM)
Future of
Memory-
Driven
Computing

18. BOOTING FREE
COMPUTER

19. Artificial
Brain
REF : https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-
talk/semiconductors/materials/blood-memristor
S.P. Kosta of the Education
Campus Changa in Gujarat
and colleagues have
published a paper in the
International Journal of
Medical Engineering and
Informatics saying that
human blood is a memristor:
the fourth in the family of
fundamental circuit elementsThis isn’t the first biological
connection with memristors.
Because the connections between
neurons in the brain seem to
exhibit some memristive
behavior, memristors are
considered a potential way to
build devices that mimic neural
systems.
As BRAIN-COMPUTER
INTERFACE

20. MEMRISTOR PATENTS INCLUDE
APPLICATIONS IN
• Programmable logic (An undefined function)
• signal processing
• control systems
• Reconfigurable computing ( Application-specific integrated
circuits)
• RFID (Radio-frequency identification )

21. BIG GUNS INVOLVED

23. AND…
‘s

27. WHY “THE MACHINE”

32. WHAT THE MACHINE
USES..??

33. UNIVERSAL MEMORY OF THE MACHINE

34. FROM THERE…

35. TO HERE…

36. "The new wave is coming. Jobs will be taken away,“
"Some people, who catch up [with] the wave, will be rich,
will be more successful.“
But for those who fall behind, the future will be "painful.“
THE ERA OF IT is going to be surpassed…
"The world is going to be data,“
“This is just the beginning of the data period.”
"Data is going to be so important to human life in the
future.“
"Tomorrow [with the Internet of things], everything will be
connected."

37. Jack Ma Yun
Founder of
Alibaba
Richest Man in
Asia

38. CONCLUSION …
It is sure that Memristor is going to revolutionaries the 21st century as
radically as the transistor in the 20th century
But Memristor will have to wait a few years for a killer app “THE
MACHINE” just like transistor which had to wait almost a decade after it’s
invention for the killer app in the form of hearing aids
Finally as Prof Leon O Chua mentioned
It’s time to rewrite all the EE textbooks”