Chapter-8th-Recent Developments in Indian Politics-PPT.pptx
The Geopolitics of Energy Interdependence: The Example of the European Union and the Wider Black Sea Area
1. “ The Geopolitics of Energy Interdependence: The Example of the European Union and the Wider Black Sea Area.” A presentation for the panel “Energy Security and Critical Infrastructures: Threats, Risks and Interdependencies.” For the International Disaster Risk Conference 1 June 2010 Davos, Switzerland Arnold C. Dupuy, Research Associate
Take a step back and consider the broader geo-political aspects of energy interdependence. The foundation of much of what is being discussed in this special session. … to better understand a dynamic and increasingly consequential part of the world Where politics and energy coincide in a highly volatile atmosphere
Discuss the wider Black Sea area in general context. The impact to the region and beyond.
Today the region is taking on a global security context, rather than a purely localized one. Fossil fuels in the Black Sea littoral states and neighboring areas, have propelled the region to prominence as a vital link in the global economy. In an interconnected world, the economic and political stability of the region must be viewed as a global security risk
Black Sea states are enmeshed in the dynamics of global energy security and supply Even while the WBSA is an emerging regional identity, forces are underway to integrate it within other regional and global entities. These dynamics are pushing and pulling the region in a constant churning environment
Relegated to the periphery of both the European and Asian continents WBSA has always been an appendage or overlapping element in other, larger regional entities. The constant churning of tensions and interactions between regional members is what distinguishes a region. No longer existing on the periphery and the broader implications of its instability can not be ignored
The drivers are creating this region... With energy as the underlying thread or common demonator A combination of internal, external and hybrid drivers
There are numerous regional organizations since the end of the Cold War, though the BSEC is the most significant. A Turkish initiative in 1992
Considers energy-centric initiatives Baku and Yerevan Declarations which emphasize energy exports Despite these detractors, no regional precedent and the area’s storied history of violent conflict, is the BSEC’s very existence in the first place
The EU and its demand for energy security and supply. BSS and EaP were founded in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Dedicated to furthering relations with nations on the EU’s eastern border
Consider some of the more specific initiatives Seeing direct cooperation between the EU and BSEC initiatives
BSS and EaP share some of the same domains, such as agriculture, energy, transportation and good governance, and must compete for resources and attention… Must compete for resources and attention Variations between the two initiatives regarding scope and funding which requires further clarification Tends to confuse and water down efforts
The previous two narratives are almost exclusively governmental initiatives, Pipeline politics is not new, though it has only been in the post-Cold War era that the scope and impact of
The other initiative, completed in 2005, is the Baku-Tblisi-Ceyhan (BTC) oil pipeline --carries oil from Azerbaijan’s Sangachal terminal on the Caspian Sea, through Tblisi, Georgia, to the Turkish port of Ceyhan on the Mediterranean coast. [the imposition of political demands on a public sector solution.] Consider a non-pipeline method, the AGRI which will utilize water transportation. Will there be adequate gas reserves available in the Caspian and Central Asian fields to make Nabucco and South Stream worthwhile?
Churning and inter and intra-regional competition, with ESS in the forefront, is Forging a regional identity where none existed. Pushing or pulling the states together by creating economic and security related interdependencies Can only be accomplished by a sense of „buy-in“ by the regional stakeholders