2. Cultural Differences
Each culture teaches its
members patterns of
thoughts and
organization that are
considered appropriate
for various occasions and
audiences.
Different patterns of
though and organization
3. Subdividing Main Ideas
After you have decided
how to organize your
main idea, you may
need to subdivide some
of them.
Get your ideas and
information on paper
first.
Use multiple draft if
needed
5. Prepare your Supporting
Material
Working with an electronic document: print out your
supporting material in order for you to have with you while
preparing your speech. Once you are fully prepared, copy
and paste your supporting material into your speech.
Working with photocopies: search for your material, make
copies of your supporting material, and then write or type
your supporting material into your speech.
Working with note cards: Write each main idea and sub
point along with your supporting material in a note card.
This will help you organize your speech.
6. Organization of Supporting
Material
Primacy: Most
important material first.
Recency: least important
Specificity: make general
statement then follow the
evidence
Complexity: from simple
to more complex
Soft to hard: evidence
from your opinion to
factual
7. Incorporate your supporting
material into your speech
State the point
Site the source
Show/explain
illustration
Maintain eye contact
with audience
11. Transitions
Indicates that a speaker
has finished talking about
one idea and is moving to
another.
Two types of transitions:
Verbal transition
Nonverbal transition
12. Verbal Transition
Verbal transition is often
use to make one sentence
Flow smoothly into the
next.
Examples:
Repeating a keyword
Enumerating
Using internal
summaries and previews.
14. Previews
A statement of what is
to come.
Two types of previews:
Preview statement or
Initial previews
Internal preview
15. Summaries
Provide additional
exposure to a speaker’s
ideas and can help ensure
that audience members
will grasp and remember
them.
2 types of summaries:
Final summary
Internal summary
16. Supplementing signposts with
presentation aids
Use supplemental
signposts when your
audience failed to hear
or process even your
most carefully planned
verbal signposts.
Examples:
PowerPoint
17. Organizing Main Ideas
Organizing Ideas by problem solution
A problem solution pattern takes the information about the
problem and solution and divides them.
For Example :
In my opinion some problems with college are that it is
getting more expensive and many people cant afford it.
Many students refuse to go because of the costs.
The solution for expensive college is community college or
only going to public colleges. Grants, Scholarships, the
military and peace corps are ways to cut debt.
18. Organizing Ideas
Chronologically
Example of Organizing
Ideas Chronologically:
How to make toast
Buy bread
Put the bread in a toaster and heat
Spread butter on the bread
Enjoy your toast.
19. Organizing Ideas Spatially
Tips to get more done in class:
When you enter the class look around the chairs for
the best place you think you should sit. If you might
have to leave sometimes be near the door. If you might
need help staying on track like me I sit near the
front. Maybe the middle of the room is your favorite
place to sit .
20. Organizing Ideas Topically
A speech that is made topically is a speech that has its points organized
into subtopics.
For example:
The founding of my space. Employees of a Internet marketing company
founded my space.
Rise of popularity. My space quickly grew into a massive website
opening the 100 millionth account in 2006 and was sold to fox for five
hundred and eighty million dollars.
Face book competition. Almost as fast as it came up my space lost many
clients and was overtaken by face books simpler and faster website.
Now, My space has millions of active users and was recently sold for 35
million dollars.
21. Arranging Ideas Spatially
To use spatial order you describe the setting in some
order based on location.
An example would be walking into your mall and
describing the atmosphere and directions to your
favorite store.
You walk into the mall and in front of you see the
Macys and to the left of that you see that if you walk
down further after you pass the food court on the right
your favorite store will be there.
