TBLT method

1. TASK-BASED
LANGUAGE

2. Contents
Introducti
on to the
Approach
Methodolog
y
Theoretica
l
foundatio
ns
Role of
teacher and
student
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3. 0
1
Introductio
n to the
Approach

4. ● TBLT is defined as “an approach in which
students are given functional tasks to serve for
their meaning exchange and using language in a
real world, non-linguistic purpose”, according to
Van den Branden 2006)
● Its principles base on the Communicative
Language Teaching, which emphasizes the
importances of engaging learners’ inner abilities
to acquire language through communication
● Due to its name, TBLT utilizes tasks during the
learning process to help learners attain their
objective
1. Introduction to the Approach

5. The definition of
tasks
• Prabhu (1987) who sees a task as "an
activity which required learners to arrive at
an outcome from given information
through some process of thought, and
which allowed teachers to control and
regulate that process"
• In conclusion, task is considered as an
activity or assignment which includes one
or more problems to be solved or causes
intended outcomes. It also requires
language use and interaction in the
classroom

6. Types of tasks
Target Task Pedagogical task
Purpose
Real-world objectives
Practical contexts
Develop specific language
through grammatical structures
Complexity
Real-life interactions
Wide range of language skills
Specific linguistic elements
Authenticity
Real-life situations
Authentic resources
Cultural aspects
Mostly for teaching
Teacher role
Provide guidance and support
when needed/allow learners to
work independently
Instructive role

7. Characteristics of task-based language
teaching
It emphasizes the communicative learning of
learners through interaction
It focuses mainly on the learning process rather
than the result
Learners learn language by interacting
communicatively and purposefully while engaged in
the activities and tasks.

8. Characteristics of task-based language
teaching
Activities and tasks can be
either: those that target
learners might need to
achieve in real life; those
that have a pedagogical
purpose specific to the
classroom.
Activities and tasks of a
task-based syllabus are
sequenced according to
difficulty.
The difficulty of a task
depends on a range of
factors including the
previous experience of the
learner, the complexity of
the task, the language
required to undertake the
task, and the degree of
support availabie.

9. 2. Theoretical foundations
It is a mean of
making goals
within and beyond
classroom
environment
Spoken
interaction is
a key for
language
acquisition
The process of
learning is
facilitated
through a series
of task
performances

10. 0
3
Methodolog
y
Willis framework explains
how Task-based language
teaching works

11. There are 3 stages in this model:
A, PRE-TASK
• Teachers give
the topic and
highlight the
useful key
words and
phrases with
students
• Make sure that
students
understand the
instructions
B, TASK CYCLE
• Students
perform the
task in pair or in
small groups
• Students
presents their
ideas in front of
the class and
discuss
C, LANGUAGE
FOCUS
• Teachers give
feedback to
students’
performances
and require
them to analyze
any
grammatical
forms, topic
vocabulary, etc

13. Example
Teacher gives an assignment for
students: Draw a plan about some
activities you will hold on the speaking
class topic: Art

14. 4. Role of
teacher and
student

15. 4. Role of teacher and student
In task-based language learning, the teacher acts as a facilitator and a guide for
students. According to Ellis (2003), the roles of teacher in task-based language
learning are
Students, on the one hand, solve the tasks assigned by teachers by
using target language in the learning process.
Ensure
the level
of
difficulty
of the task
Establish
the clear
goal of
each task-
based
lesson
Ensure
that
students
engage
actively in
task-
based
lesson
Make sure
that
students
focus
mainly on
meaning
when
performin
g a task
Require
students
to assess
their own
performa
nces

16. Strengths
and
Benefits:
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) has
several strengths and benefits that make it an
effective approach for language learning:

17. Strengths and Benefits:
Focus on
Communicatio
n:
1.TBLT
emphasizes
real-world
communicatio
n rather than
just grammar
or vocabulary.
This helps
students
develop
practical
language skills
for everyday
situations.
Learner-
Centered:
1.It places
students at the
center of the
learning
process,
encouraging
them to take
responsibility
for their
learning. They
engage in
tasks that
require
problem-
solving,
collaboration,
and creative
thinking.
Authentic
Language Use:
1.TBLT uses
tasks that
mirror real-life
situations,
allowing
learners to
practice
language in
meaningful
contexts. This
helps learners
become more
confident and
competent in
using the
language
outside the
classroom.
Increased
Motivation:
1.By working on
tasks that are
relevant and
interesting to
them, students
often feel
more
motivated and
engaged. This
hands-on
approach
promotes
intrinsic
motivation and
a deeper
understanding
of the
language.

18. Strengths and Benefits:
Improved Fluency:
Since TBLT focuses on
completing tasks, it
encourages learners to
prioritize fluency over
accuracy in some cases.
This leads to more natural
language use and faster
development of speaking
and listening skills.
Development of Multiple Skills:
TBLT encourages the
integration of listening,
speaking, reading, and
writing skills. It often
involves tasks that require
the use of multiple
language skills
simultaneously, offering a
holistic approach to
language learning.
Collaboration and
Interaction:
Many tasks involve pair or
group work, fostering
communication and
interaction among
learners. This collaborative
learning environment
helps develop social and
negotiation skills in the
target language.
Overall, TBLT helps learners develop both language proficiency and critical
thinking skills, making it a versatile and effective teaching approach.

19. Limitations or
criticisms:
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) has
gained popularity for its focus on real-world
tasks and communicative use of language.
However, there are some limitations and
criticisms of the approach:

20. Limitations or criticisms:
Lack of Focus on Accuracy: TBLT often prioritizes fluency and communication
over grammatical accuracy, which can lead to learners neglecting the correct use
of grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.
Teacher's Role: Teachers in TBLT often take on a more facilitative role, which
may be challenging for those who prefer a more traditional, structured teaching
approach. Some teachers may struggle to guide students effectively without
direct instruction.
Limited Control over Learning: Because tasks are designed to be student-
centered and often unstructured, some learners might struggle with direction
and may not develop language proficiency as expected without clear guidance
and explicit teaching.
Task Design Issues: Designing effective tasks that are both engaging and
appropriate for all levels of learners can be difficult. Tasks that are too complex
may overwhelm students, while overly simple tasks might not challenge them
enough.

21. Limitations or criticisms:
TBLT assumes that
tasks can be
universally applied
across different
cultural and
contextual settings.
However, not all
learners may have the
same experiences or
backgrounds
necessary to engage
fully in certain tasks,
especially if the tasks
are not culturally
relevant.
Cultural and
Contextual
Constraints:
Evaluating students’
progress in TBLT can
be difficult. Traditional
assessment methods
like tests and exams
do not always capture
the skill development
that TBLT aims to
foster, and new forms
of assessment may be
needed.
Assessment
Challenges:
TBLT can require
significant amounts of
time to plan,
implement, and reflect
on tasks. In certain
educational systems
with limited
instructional time,
teachers may find it
hard to balance task-
based activities with
other curricular
demands.
Time Constraints:
These limitations highlight that while TBLT offers many
benefits, it also requires careful implementation and a
balance with other instructional strategies to be fully
effective.

22. Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) is
an approach that focuses on using
meaningful tasks as the central unit of
teaching and learning. In TBLT, language
learning happens through the
completion of real-world tasks, which
help students use the language in
context. Here's a summary of how this
approach can be integrated into various
classroom settings:
Practical
Applicatio
n:

23. Practical Application:
Traditional Language Classroom:
In a traditional classroom, TBLT can
be
used by introducing tasks that mirror
real-life situations, such as
conducting interviews, giving
presentations, or completing group
projects. Teachers would set up the
task, provide the necessary
vocabulary and grammar input, and
guide students through the task
completion. Afterward, there can be
reflection on language use and a
focus on form if necessary.
Online/Hybrid Classroom:
For online or hybrid environments,
TBLT can be adapted by using digital
tools for communication and
collaboration. For example, students
could engage in tasks like creating
multimedia projects (e.g., videos or
blogs), participating in virtual
debates, or collaborating on
documents. Teachers could use
online platforms to facilitate
interaction and provide feedback
asynchronously or synchronously.

24. Practical Application:
Content-Based Classrooms: In classrooms where
content is taught alongside language learning
(such as in English for Specific Purposes), TBLT
could involve tasks tied to the subject matter. For
example, in a science classroom, students could
work on tasks that require them to explain
concepts, summarize research, or conduct
experiments in the target language. This
integrates language learning with academic
content, helping students learn both subject-
specific terminology and general language skills.
Small Group or Pair Work: TBLT thrives in small
group settings, as students can interact and
collaborate. Teachers can assign tasks that require
students to solve problems, role-play scenarios, or
negotiate meaning. This helps students practice
communication strategies, turn-taking, and
language structures in a more natural, supportive
environment.

25. Practical Application:
Project-Based Learning (PBL): Project-based classrooms can
integrate TBLT by having students complete long-term projects that
involve tasks like creating presentations, conducting interviews,
writing reports, or producing media in the target language. These
projects can be highly motivating and allow students to see the
practical use of the language in a context that goes beyond
traditional exercises.
Immersive Language Environments: In immersive settings,
where students are fully surrounded by the target language (e.g.,
study abroad programs, language immersion schools), TBLT can be
especially effective. Tasks can include things like exploring local
culture, conducting field research, or engaging in community
service, with students using the language in real-world, everyday
interactions.

26. Practical
Application:
In all these settings, TBLT encourages
students to focus on meaning first,
allowing them to use language actively
in real contexts, which ultimately
promotes deeper learning and long-
term retention. Teachers serve more as
facilitators, guiding students through
tasks, providing feedback, and
supporting language development
based on the needs that arise during
task completion.

27. Task-based language teaching (TBLT) has
proven to be highly beneficial in modern
language teaching for several reasons:
Conclusion

28. Conclusion
Promotes Communicative Competence: TBLT emphasizes real-world tasks that
encourage authentic communication, helping students to develop practical
language skills they can use in everyday situations.
Focuses on Meaningful Use of Language: By engaging students in tasks that
require problem-solving, collaboration, and creativity, learners focus on
meaning rather than just form. This leads to better retention and
understanding of language structures in context.
Encourages Learner Autonomy: TBLT fosters independent learning by allowing
students to take responsibility for their learning process. It empowers them to work
through tasks at their own pace and learn from their mistakes.

29. Conclusion
Supports Motivation and
Engagement: The dynamic and
interactive nature of tasks keeps
students motivated, as they see
direct relevance between the tasks
and real-life situations. This helps to
maintain their interest in language
learning.
Integrates Skills: TBLT naturally
integrates speaking, listening,
reading, and writing in a way that
mimics natural language use,
providing a holistic language-
learning experience.

30. In conclusion, task-based language
teaching aligns with the current focus
on communicative and learner-
centered approaches. Its emphasis on
meaningful, real-world tasks supports
more effective and engaging language
learning, making it an invaluable
method in today's diverse educational
settings.
Conclusion

31. THANKS
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listening