thermoacoustic refrigeration ,uses ,market analysis,comparison etc....

1. TAR

2. THERMOACOUSTIC
REFRIGERATION
BY
BHAVYA RANI U

3. PRESENTATION TOPIC
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
THERMOACOUSTIC CYCLE
FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMOACOUSTIC THEORY
DESGN
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION

4. UNPRESSURIED SYSTEM
AIR AS GAS MEDIUM
LOUDSPEAKER AS
ACOUUSTIC DRIVER
VARIABLE DESIGN[STACK]
THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION IS
UTILIZATION OF ACOUSTIC POWER TO
GENERATE TEMPERATURE DIFFRENCE

5. Convention refrigerator
• Compressor
• refrigerants
Thermo acoustic refrigerator
• Loudspeaker
• Inert gases
Difference between convention refrigeration and
thermo acoustic refrigeration

6. THERMOACOUSTIC’S BENEFIT
ENVIRONMENTAL
REGULATION
• NO CFC EMISSION
DESIGN
• SIMPLE AND ROBUST DESIGN
PRODUCTION
• COST EFFICIENT
MANUFACTURING

7. Motivation
• Pros
– Uses sound for refrigeration –no harmful
chemicals (CFC’s, HFC’s, HCFC’s)
– Few moving parts—more reliable
– Not harmful to the environment
• Cons
– Most efficient is approaching 40% of Carnot limit
– 20-30% overall efficiency

14. MAIN PROTOTYPE COMPONENTS

15. • POWER CAPACITY
• FREQUENCY
RESPONSE
CONSIDERATION
• 10 INCH
• OPERATING AT
LOW FREQUENCY
• 400W MAX
POWER
CHOICE

16. CONSIDERATION
• PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
• SEALING
• COST
CHOISE
• AIR
• ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

17. CONSIDERATIONS
•LENGTH
•DIAMETER
•SOUND REFLECTION
•LOW ACOUSTIC
LOSSES
•SOUND
TRANSMISSION
CHOICE
•1.5” PVC TUBE
•FLAT END

18. CONSIDERATIONS
GAP SIZE
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
MATERIAL THICKNESS
LOCATION
LENGTH
DOES NOT IMPEDE WAVE
CHOICE
PAPER
ALUMINUM SCREEN
STACK

19. Considerations
Material
Type
Choice
Aluminum
Water Circulated
HEAT EXCHANGERS

21. DESIGN OPTIMIZATION FLOW CHART
TARGET
PARAMETER
RESONATOR
LENGTH
OPERATING
CONDITION
FABRICATION CONVERGE
OPTIMISATIO
N
FREQUENCY
AVERAGE
PRESSURE
TYPE OF GAS
STACK
MATERIAL
STACK
LOCATION
WAVE
LENGTH
DYNAMIC
PRESURRE
THERMAL
CONDUCTIVIT
Y
SPECIFIC
HEAT
CAPACITY
STACK
SPACING
STACK
GEOMETRY
RESONATOR
GEOMETRY
POWER/BOUNDR
Y LAY ER TRADE
OFF
HEAT
ADDITION
TEMPARATURE
HEAT
REJECTION
TEMPERATURE
COOLING
TEMPERATURE
COOLING
POWER
MAXIMISE
ENGINE
EFFICIENCY
MAXIMISE
REFRIGERATOR
COP
MAXIMISE
OVERALL COP
MINIMISE
SIZE
MAXIMISE
POWER

22. ASSUMPTIONS
• WAVE PROPOGATION IS AXIAL AND PLAIN
• WAVE MOTION PROCESS ARE ISENTROPIC
• THE WORKING FLUID’S OF VISCOUS FORCE ARE
NEGLIGIBLE
• THE RESONATOR AND COMPONENTS ARE
ACOUSTICALLY RIGID
• THE MEAN TEMPERATURE IS MUCH LARGER
THAN DEVOLPED TEMPERATURE
GRADIENT
•THE ACOUSTIC WAVE LENGTH IS MUCH LARGER
THAN THE STACK LENGH

23. MOVING COIL LOUDSPEAKER
• INSIDE 2 MAGNETS WITH METAL COIL BETWEEN THEM, CURRENT IS INDUCED CAUSING
COIL TO MOVE
• CREATES SOUND WAVES UP TO 200 DB!
RESONATOR— WHERE GAS COOLING AND COMPRESSION TAKE PLACE
•USES INERT GAS, COMMONLY HELIUM
STACK
• SERIES OF SMALL PARALLEL CHANNELS THROUGH WHICH PRESSURE AND
VELOCITY OF WAVES CHANGE
• IN BETWEEN THE HEAT EXCHANGERS
HEAT EXCHANGERS
• HOT HEAT EXCHANGER TO REMOVE EXCESS HEAT
• COLD HEAT EXCHANGER FOR REFRIGERATION
HOW IT WORKS

25. EFFICIENCY

26. APPLICATION
NASA
• PRESERVE BLOOD
AND URINE
SAMPLES
•STAR USED
FOR SPACE
SHUTTLE
MISSION
US NAVY
• WANTS ACOUSTIC
REFRIGERATORS FOR
SUBMARINES NO
HARMFUL FLUIDS
• REFRIGERANT LEAKS
ON SUBS ARE A
DEADLY PROBLEM
• COOL RADAR
ELECTRONICS
ONBOARD WARSHIP
POTENTIAL
• SATELLITE SENSOR
• SUPERFAST
COMPUTER
• BEN &JERRYS ICE
CREAM STORAGE
CONTAINERS

27. A/C and Refrigeration Technologies Compared
Technology
Under Development
Current Technology
Recently Introduced
Technology
Recently Introduced
Technology
Relative Performance
Measures
Thermoacoustics Vapor Compression Hydrocarbons Carbon Dioxide
Ozone Depletion Potential None CFCs, HCFCs None None
Greenhouse Effects None Very High Low Low
Energy Efficiency - power
grid
High Moderate Moderate High Moderate
Energy Efficiency - solar
power
100% Not Practical Not Practical Not Practical
Operating Mode Proportional On/Off On/Off On/Off
Initial Equipment Costs Low High High Very High
Maintenance Costs None Moderate Moderate Moderately High
Operating Life Cycle Very Long Moderate Moderate Moderate

28. MARKET REPORT
AS PER TEKIN OZCAY IN CANADA
THE STUDY IS MAINLY BASED ON THE SECONDARY RESEARCH THAT IS CONDUCTED ON
WIDE VARIETY OF RELEVANT MATERIALS
MARKET SIZE: 830,000 REFRIGERATORS ANNUALLY SOLD IN CANADA
SALES OF MAJOR HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES: $ 1.4 BILLION
 COMPETITION:
 ELECTROLUX (FRIGIDAIRE)
 GENERAL ELECTRIC
 KENMORE
 MAYTAG
 WHIRLPOOL
 PLUS 30 OTHERS

29. CONCLUSION
• A THERMO ACOUSTIC ENGINE STUDIES IN THE COMBINED THERMO
ACOUSTIC ENGINE REFRIGERATOR SYSTEMS AREA ARE ONLY A HANDFUL
• THIS WORK IS ONLY ONE IN OPEN LITERATURE TO USE STANDING WAVE
THERMO ACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR SYSTEMS TO COOL HIGH
TEMPERATURES
• ANALYSIS OF TAR CAN BE OBTAINED BY SOFTWARE DELTA WHICH IS
USED TO INVESTIGATE PARAMETERS LIKE PRESSURE ,TYPE OF GAS
FREQUENCY

30. REFERENCES
• A THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE REFRIGERATORSYSTEM FOR SPACE
EXPLORATION MISSION BY SUDEEP SASTRY
• THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION BY STEVEN L GARRET AND THOMAS J
HOFLER
• EVALUATION OF THERMO ACOUSTIC CYCLES FOR COOLING APPLICATIONS
BY INSU PAEK*, JAMES E. BRAUN, AND LUC MONGEAU RAY W. HERRICK
LABORATORIES, SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, PURDUE
UNIVERSITY WEST LAFAYETTE, INDIANA, USA
• MARKET FEASIBILITY STURY OF THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION BY
TEKIN OZCAY
• DESIGN OF THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR BY ANDERS MURILLO
MILLIKEN TAYLER