1. There are several types of HVAC systems an architect can choose from for a project, including window AC units, high wall AC units, cassette/ceiling mounted AC units, split systems, variable refrigerant volume (VRV) systems, and centralized AC systems.
2. A centralized AC system has ducts in each room fitted with a fan coil unit (FCU). Each floor has an air handling unit (AHU) and each building has cooling towers mostly on the roof and chillers mostly in the basement to service the entire building.
3. When comparing air cooled split systems, water cooled split systems, air cooled VRV systems, air cooled screw chillers and water cooled screw chillers for
This document provides an overview of Advanced Cooling Technologies, Inc. (ACT), which develops and manufactures heat pipe-based energy recovery systems. It summarizes ACT's history and capabilities, including its facilities, certifications, employees, and equipment. The presentation then describes heat pipe technology, various energy recovery system types, performance testing procedures, and example applications of ACT's wrap-around heat exchanger systems. It provides specifications for properly specifying and installing a wrap-around system and examples of retrofitting such systems into existing air handling units.
Heat recovery ventilation is a means of energy conversation in buildings. Because of reducing ventilation exhaust air, can play a good role in the effectiveness of ventilation to reduce energy use. As building efficiency is improved with insulation and weather stripping, buildings are intentionally made more airtight, and consequently less ventilated. Since all buildings require a source of fresh air, the need for HRVs has become obvious.
This document discusses the relationship between indoor air quality (IAQ) and HVAC systems. It outlines how poorly maintained or improperly designed HVAC systems can negatively impact IAQ and cause issues like sick building syndrome. Regular maintenance of HVAC systems, including cleaning coils, filters, ducts, and grills can improve air flow and reduce humidity, mold growth, and odors that compromise IAQ. Proper HVAC design and maintenance is important for occupant health and comfort.
This document discusses air conditioning and its purposes, processes, and design criteria. It describes:
1) The goals of air conditioning include providing comfort for occupants, meeting industrial process needs, and enabling efficient commercial/office work.
2) The main processes are air cleaning, heating in winter, cooling in summer, humidification, and dehumidification, with the goal of maintaining appropriate temperature, humidity, and air velocity.
3) Design criteria include temperature control typically between 18-23°C, relative humidity between 40-60%, and air velocity of 6-9 m/sec. Filtration, heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification systems are used to achieve the desired air conditions.
Air2o introduction Cairo May 17th 2016 v.1.2TAQAMISR
This document discusses indirect-direct evaporative cooling (IDEC) technology from AIR2O. IDEC uses a two-stage process: first indirect evaporative cooling cools air without adding moisture, then direct evaporative cooling further cools and humidifies the air. IDEC can achieve 125% of wet bulb temperature cooling with 50% less moisture than direct-only systems. The document provides details on IDEC components, applications, performance advantages over other cooling methods, and example installations.
As more and more jurisdictions and building owners are placing increased emphasis on sustainable and responsible building strategies, design teams are looking beyond traditional HVAC solutions to maximize energy efficiency while maintaining occupant comfort and safety.
In-slab radiant heating systems have enjoyed popularity both here in the United States and abroad for years. Now, with the availability of improved control systems and better understanding within the design and construction community, the same concept can be applied to radiant cooling as an energy-efficient and cost-effective solution. This program will cover the radiant cooling heat transfer fundamentals, system performance and capacity, typical construction methods, and control strategies. Attendees will gain an understanding of how in-slab radiant cooling systems can be used as part of an energy-efficient design solution to reduce overall energy consumption.
1. There are several types of HVAC systems an architect can choose from for a project, including window AC units, high wall AC units, cassette/ceiling mounted AC units, split systems, variable refrigerant volume (VRV) systems, and centralized AC systems.
2. A centralized AC system has ducts in each room fitted with a fan coil unit (FCU). Each floor has an air handling unit (AHU) and each building has cooling towers mostly on the roof and chillers mostly in the basement to service the entire building.
3. When comparing air cooled split systems, water cooled split systems, air cooled VRV systems, air cooled screw chillers and water cooled screw chillers for
This document provides an overview of Advanced Cooling Technologies, Inc. (ACT), which develops and manufactures heat pipe-based energy recovery systems. It summarizes ACT's history and capabilities, including its facilities, certifications, employees, and equipment. The presentation then describes heat pipe technology, various energy recovery system types, performance testing procedures, and example applications of ACT's wrap-around heat exchanger systems. It provides specifications for properly specifying and installing a wrap-around system and examples of retrofitting such systems into existing air handling units.
Heat recovery ventilation is a means of energy conversation in buildings. Because of reducing ventilation exhaust air, can play a good role in the effectiveness of ventilation to reduce energy use. As building efficiency is improved with insulation and weather stripping, buildings are intentionally made more airtight, and consequently less ventilated. Since all buildings require a source of fresh air, the need for HRVs has become obvious.
This document discusses the relationship between indoor air quality (IAQ) and HVAC systems. It outlines how poorly maintained or improperly designed HVAC systems can negatively impact IAQ and cause issues like sick building syndrome. Regular maintenance of HVAC systems, including cleaning coils, filters, ducts, and grills can improve air flow and reduce humidity, mold growth, and odors that compromise IAQ. Proper HVAC design and maintenance is important for occupant health and comfort.
This document discusses air conditioning and its purposes, processes, and design criteria. It describes:
1) The goals of air conditioning include providing comfort for occupants, meeting industrial process needs, and enabling efficient commercial/office work.
2) The main processes are air cleaning, heating in winter, cooling in summer, humidification, and dehumidification, with the goal of maintaining appropriate temperature, humidity, and air velocity.
3) Design criteria include temperature control typically between 18-23°C, relative humidity between 40-60%, and air velocity of 6-9 m/sec. Filtration, heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification systems are used to achieve the desired air conditions.
Air2o introduction Cairo May 17th 2016 v.1.2TAQAMISR
This document discusses indirect-direct evaporative cooling (IDEC) technology from AIR2O. IDEC uses a two-stage process: first indirect evaporative cooling cools air without adding moisture, then direct evaporative cooling further cools and humidifies the air. IDEC can achieve 125% of wet bulb temperature cooling with 50% less moisture than direct-only systems. The document provides details on IDEC components, applications, performance advantages over other cooling methods, and example installations.
As more and more jurisdictions and building owners are placing increased emphasis on sustainable and responsible building strategies, design teams are looking beyond traditional HVAC solutions to maximize energy efficiency while maintaining occupant comfort and safety.
In-slab radiant heating systems have enjoyed popularity both here in the United States and abroad for years. Now, with the availability of improved control systems and better understanding within the design and construction community, the same concept can be applied to radiant cooling as an energy-efficient and cost-effective solution. This program will cover the radiant cooling heat transfer fundamentals, system performance and capacity, typical construction methods, and control strategies. Attendees will gain an understanding of how in-slab radiant cooling systems can be used as part of an energy-efficient design solution to reduce overall energy consumption.
The document discusses atmospheric water generators, which produce water by cooling warm, humid air to condense and separate out water vapor. It works by using a Peltier device to cool air below its dew point, exposing it to desiccants or pressurizing it. Atmospheric water generators provide clean, pure water without contaminants and can supply water for places facing crises or pollution. They have various applications like farming, military use, homes, offices, and industries. In conclusion, atmospheric water harvesting is poised to be a major new industry as water treatment needs grow.
This document discusses psychrometry and air conditioning. It begins by defining dry air and atmospheric air, and the specific and relative humidity of air. It then discusses dew point temperature and how to calculate it. The document introduces the psychrometric chart as a tool to determine air properties and outlines several air conditioning processes like heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification. Key concepts like wet bulb temperature, adiabatic saturation and human comfort are also summarized. Specific air conditioning applications such as evaporative cooling, mixing of air streams and cooling towers are briefly described.
Evaporative cooling has been around since 2500 BC and under the right ambient conditions can provide comfort cooling with low energy costs. However, in high humidity conditions, evaporative cooling fails to provide comfort. HMX overcame this limitation and has begun a revolution in sustainable cooling using the age-old principles of evaporative cooling. Sunil Tiwari, General Manager, Global Sales & Marketing, at HMX explains the principles behind HMX's technologies.
For more details visit ategroup.com/hmx
This document provides an overview of hydronic radiant heating systems and includes the following sections:
1. It explains how radiant heating works by making floor surfaces warmer than the air, allowing the floor to radiate heat to walls and ceilings through infrared rays. This keeps surfaces warm and creates an even, comfortable heat.
2. Radiant heating is described as "low and slow", allowing the large floor surface to gently warm a space with surface temperatures under 85°F. This is more efficient than smaller, hotter radiators or forced air systems.
3. The document includes sections on radiant system design, heat loss calculations, tubing layouts, installation details, and product information for V
Indoor air quality is influenced by emissions from building materials, products, combustion, and outdoor pollution infiltrating indoors. Common indoor pollutants can cause health issues like headaches and breathing problems. Passive sampling is a cost-effective way to monitor indoor air quality over long periods by measuring pollutant levels without active air movement. Source control, ventilation, and air cleaning are strategies to improve indoor air quality, with source control being most effective by eliminating pollutant sources or reducing their emissions. Air cleaners use mechanical filters, electronic methods, or ion generation to remove particulate pollutants from indoor air.
1) The Torrent Research Centre in Ahmedabad, India uses a passive downdraft evaporative cooling system to provide comfortable ventilation without mechanical HVAC.
2) Air enters through inlets on the top floor, is misted with water, then descends through ventilation towers, cooling the building.
3) Different strategies are used depending on the season, such as closing inlets/exhausts at night in winter to minimize heat loss, and maximizing air flow with fans in monsoon season.
This document discusses how to get the most out of hydronic heating systems. It explains that hydronic systems are more efficient than forced air because water can hold much more heat than air. It also discusses optimizing the key components of a hydronic system: the heating source, distribution system, and heat emitters. For the heating source, it recommends condensing boilers for their high efficiency. For distribution, it advocates for efficient circulators and piping design. And for heat emitters, it suggests choosing options with high surface areas to lower return water temperatures and allow boilers to condense. Overall, the document provides an overview of components and designs that can maximize efficiency and performance of hydronic heating.
CPD Presentation Evaporative cooling in data centresColt UK
Data centres that use evaporative cooling can cut their energy bills by up to 80% compared to conventional cooling methods!
The specifications for the environmental operating conditions of IT equipment used in data centres have recently been revised, opening the way to evaporative cooling in such buildings. Evaporative cooling can provide a highly effective solution, with low installation and running costs, minimal maintenance requirements and quiet operation.
This seminar covers:
• Revisions to the specifications for the environmental operating conditions of IT equipment in data centres
• Options for cooling in a data centre
• Implementing evaporative cooling in a data centre.
This is the comprehensive powerpoint for having a Properly Sized, Designed, Installed, and Commissioned Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning System.
This document provides an introduction to HVAC systems. It discusses the primary functions of HVAC systems to provide healthy and comfortable interior conditions while minimizing energy usage and emissions. It describes different types of HVAC systems including air systems, hydronic/steam systems, and unitary systems. It also discusses key HVAC components like air handling units, fans, pumps, ductwork, controls and their purposes.
This document provides an overview of HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems. It defines key terms like TR (ton of refrigeration) and explains the basic refrigeration cycle. The document outlines what will be covered, including different AC system types, compressor types, chillers, fans, cooling towers, air handlers, and more. It also discusses HVAC functions like temperature and moisture control and air movement. Standards like ASHRAE and components like ducting and air filters are reviewed at a high level.
EVALUATION OF ENERGY LOSS IN GEOTHERMAL PIPING SYSTEM [IIGCE 2016] (Repaired)Mahendra Kuntoaji
This document summarizes a study evaluating heat loss in the piping system of the Wayang Windu Geothermal Field in Indonesia. The study found that insulation on the steam pipes is damaged, allowing heat to escape and reducing electricity production. Calculations were done to determine the heat loss and potential generation losses at different air velocities and insulation conditions. The financial loss from reduced electricity production due to heat loss through damaged insulation was estimated to be around $99,781 per year based on the selling price of electricity.
This document describes the design and fabrication of a mini air cooler. The authors modified an ordinary table fan by adding a copper tube with fins and a cooling chamber. Cold water is circulated through the copper tube using an aquarium pump to reduce the heat in the surrounding environment. The table fan blows air over the copper tube and fins, which increases the cooling effect. The device aims to provide air cooling without high power consumption, benefiting areas with limited access to electricity. It was found to decrease air temperature by 8-10°C through this simple, low-cost modification of a standard table fan.
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) refers to the quality of a building's environment in relation to the health and well-being of those who occupy space within it. IEQ is affected by factors like air quality, temperature, lighting, acoustics, and HVAC systems. The document discusses surveys conducted at various office and healthcare facilities to understand how physical factors of the indoor workspace affect occupants. Issues identified include weak ventilation, noise levels, and lighting concerns. Recommended solutions involve improving ventilation, adding acoustic treatments, using low-VOC paints, and zoning work areas. Maintaining good IEQ can enhance occupant health, comfort, and productivity.
This document discusses air quality issues in fitness centers. It notes that poor ventilation, including improper vent placement and airflow, can lead to higher levels of carbon dioxide and airborne molds/fungus that pose health risks. Parameters like CO2 levels, humidity, and particulate matter are interrelated with the number of people and activity levels in the facility. Regular air sampling and monitoring of CO2, humidity, and other pollutants is recommended to assess air quality and ventilation effectiveness in maintaining a safe environment for patrons.
This document provides information on HVAC systems and air conditioning. It discusses various types of air conditioning units like window units, portable units, and split units. It then describes centralized air conditioning systems and the components of an air conditioning system, including air intake, pre-heating, filtration, cooling and dehumidifying coils, and dehumidification and humidification equipment. It explains the thermal duty of air conditioning systems and the sequence of air treatment for both summer and winter conditions.
Estimating the effects of energy conservation construction codeToddCrawford
This document discusses estimating the effects of energy conservation on temperature and humidity in buildings. It covers the New York State Energy Conservation Construction Code (ECCC), methods for estimating heat loss, air leakage, humidity levels, thermal mass, and solar heat gain in buildings. The key points are that the ECCC aims to effectively use energy while allowing innovative approaches, and that a building's envelope is permeable to air, moisture, and heat transfer in complex ways.
Natural ventilation utilizes differences in air pressure, temperature and wind to ventilate buildings without mechanical systems. There are several types of natural ventilation including stack ventilation, wind towers and courtyard effects. Stack ventilation uses temperature differences to draw warm air out of tall rooms or structures. Wind towers cool incoming air through evaporation before distributing it inside. Courtyards create rising warm air that is replaced by cooler air entering at lower levels. Proper building orientation, openings, cross ventilation and tall structures can optimize natural airflow. While it provides free ventilation, natural ventilation has less control over air quality than mechanical systems.
Natural ventilation is the process of supplying and removing air through a space using natural means like open windows and vents. It does not require external energy or mechanical systems. Various techniques can provide natural ventilation, such as the stack effect (using temperature differences to drive airflow), wind towers, and courtyards. Proper building orientation, cross ventilation, and opening placement and size are important for effective natural ventilation. Historic vernacular architecture in places like Jaisalmer, India effectively use natural ventilation strategies like dense building clustering, structural shading, and courtyards to provide cooling.
This document discusses overcoming high downhole temperatures when running tools. It introduces a downhole cooling system that circulates coolant inside coil tubing to protect tools from temperatures over 150°C. The system avoids pumping large volumes of water downhole and can keep tools cool for extended periods. Testing showed the system maintained an internal temperature over 150°C cooler than the external temperature and allowed tools to operate past their normal limits in high-temperature wells. The cooling system is being prepared for field testing with service companies to enable more extensive logging in demanding high-temperature applications like SAGD wells.
The document discusses indoor air quality (IAQ) and indoor environmental quality. It provides background on increased public concern about IEQ over the last decade according to NIOSH. Ventilation requirements were changed in the 1970s to conserve energy, leading to tighter buildings. The document outlines key IAQ parameters and sources of indoor and outdoor pollutants. It emphasizes the importance of proper HVAC system design, operation, and maintenance to control pollutant levels and distribution. The document provides recommendations for facility managers to promote good IAQ, such as designating an IAQ representative, assessing current conditions, educating staff, and communicating with occupants.
Indoor air quality is an important issue that affects public health. The EPA defines indoor air pollution as chemical, physical, or biological contaminants inside structures. Experts say indoor pollution affects more people than any other problem and is a leading cause of asthma in children. Poor indoor air quality can negatively impact health, work performance, and school performance. Common causes include moisture, mold, pollutant sources, and ineffective HVAC systems. Improving ventilation rates and filtration can significantly reduce sickness, absence from work and school, and increase productivity and performance. Maintaining HVAC systems is key to better indoor air quality.
The document discusses atmospheric water generators, which produce water by cooling warm, humid air to condense and separate out water vapor. It works by using a Peltier device to cool air below its dew point, exposing it to desiccants or pressurizing it. Atmospheric water generators provide clean, pure water without contaminants and can supply water for places facing crises or pollution. They have various applications like farming, military use, homes, offices, and industries. In conclusion, atmospheric water harvesting is poised to be a major new industry as water treatment needs grow.
This document discusses psychrometry and air conditioning. It begins by defining dry air and atmospheric air, and the specific and relative humidity of air. It then discusses dew point temperature and how to calculate it. The document introduces the psychrometric chart as a tool to determine air properties and outlines several air conditioning processes like heating, cooling, humidification and dehumidification. Key concepts like wet bulb temperature, adiabatic saturation and human comfort are also summarized. Specific air conditioning applications such as evaporative cooling, mixing of air streams and cooling towers are briefly described.
Evaporative cooling has been around since 2500 BC and under the right ambient conditions can provide comfort cooling with low energy costs. However, in high humidity conditions, evaporative cooling fails to provide comfort. HMX overcame this limitation and has begun a revolution in sustainable cooling using the age-old principles of evaporative cooling. Sunil Tiwari, General Manager, Global Sales & Marketing, at HMX explains the principles behind HMX's technologies.
For more details visit ategroup.com/hmx
This document provides an overview of hydronic radiant heating systems and includes the following sections:
1. It explains how radiant heating works by making floor surfaces warmer than the air, allowing the floor to radiate heat to walls and ceilings through infrared rays. This keeps surfaces warm and creates an even, comfortable heat.
2. Radiant heating is described as "low and slow", allowing the large floor surface to gently warm a space with surface temperatures under 85°F. This is more efficient than smaller, hotter radiators or forced air systems.
3. The document includes sections on radiant system design, heat loss calculations, tubing layouts, installation details, and product information for V
Indoor air quality is influenced by emissions from building materials, products, combustion, and outdoor pollution infiltrating indoors. Common indoor pollutants can cause health issues like headaches and breathing problems. Passive sampling is a cost-effective way to monitor indoor air quality over long periods by measuring pollutant levels without active air movement. Source control, ventilation, and air cleaning are strategies to improve indoor air quality, with source control being most effective by eliminating pollutant sources or reducing their emissions. Air cleaners use mechanical filters, electronic methods, or ion generation to remove particulate pollutants from indoor air.
1) The Torrent Research Centre in Ahmedabad, India uses a passive downdraft evaporative cooling system to provide comfortable ventilation without mechanical HVAC.
2) Air enters through inlets on the top floor, is misted with water, then descends through ventilation towers, cooling the building.
3) Different strategies are used depending on the season, such as closing inlets/exhausts at night in winter to minimize heat loss, and maximizing air flow with fans in monsoon season.
This document discusses how to get the most out of hydronic heating systems. It explains that hydronic systems are more efficient than forced air because water can hold much more heat than air. It also discusses optimizing the key components of a hydronic system: the heating source, distribution system, and heat emitters. For the heating source, it recommends condensing boilers for their high efficiency. For distribution, it advocates for efficient circulators and piping design. And for heat emitters, it suggests choosing options with high surface areas to lower return water temperatures and allow boilers to condense. Overall, the document provides an overview of components and designs that can maximize efficiency and performance of hydronic heating.
CPD Presentation Evaporative cooling in data centresColt UK
Data centres that use evaporative cooling can cut their energy bills by up to 80% compared to conventional cooling methods!
The specifications for the environmental operating conditions of IT equipment used in data centres have recently been revised, opening the way to evaporative cooling in such buildings. Evaporative cooling can provide a highly effective solution, with low installation and running costs, minimal maintenance requirements and quiet operation.
This seminar covers:
• Revisions to the specifications for the environmental operating conditions of IT equipment in data centres
• Options for cooling in a data centre
• Implementing evaporative cooling in a data centre.
This is the comprehensive powerpoint for having a Properly Sized, Designed, Installed, and Commissioned Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning System.
This document provides an introduction to HVAC systems. It discusses the primary functions of HVAC systems to provide healthy and comfortable interior conditions while minimizing energy usage and emissions. It describes different types of HVAC systems including air systems, hydronic/steam systems, and unitary systems. It also discusses key HVAC components like air handling units, fans, pumps, ductwork, controls and their purposes.
This document provides an overview of HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems. It defines key terms like TR (ton of refrigeration) and explains the basic refrigeration cycle. The document outlines what will be covered, including different AC system types, compressor types, chillers, fans, cooling towers, air handlers, and more. It also discusses HVAC functions like temperature and moisture control and air movement. Standards like ASHRAE and components like ducting and air filters are reviewed at a high level.
EVALUATION OF ENERGY LOSS IN GEOTHERMAL PIPING SYSTEM [IIGCE 2016] (Repaired)Mahendra Kuntoaji
This document summarizes a study evaluating heat loss in the piping system of the Wayang Windu Geothermal Field in Indonesia. The study found that insulation on the steam pipes is damaged, allowing heat to escape and reducing electricity production. Calculations were done to determine the heat loss and potential generation losses at different air velocities and insulation conditions. The financial loss from reduced electricity production due to heat loss through damaged insulation was estimated to be around $99,781 per year based on the selling price of electricity.
This document describes the design and fabrication of a mini air cooler. The authors modified an ordinary table fan by adding a copper tube with fins and a cooling chamber. Cold water is circulated through the copper tube using an aquarium pump to reduce the heat in the surrounding environment. The table fan blows air over the copper tube and fins, which increases the cooling effect. The device aims to provide air cooling without high power consumption, benefiting areas with limited access to electricity. It was found to decrease air temperature by 8-10°C through this simple, low-cost modification of a standard table fan.
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) refers to the quality of a building's environment in relation to the health and well-being of those who occupy space within it. IEQ is affected by factors like air quality, temperature, lighting, acoustics, and HVAC systems. The document discusses surveys conducted at various office and healthcare facilities to understand how physical factors of the indoor workspace affect occupants. Issues identified include weak ventilation, noise levels, and lighting concerns. Recommended solutions involve improving ventilation, adding acoustic treatments, using low-VOC paints, and zoning work areas. Maintaining good IEQ can enhance occupant health, comfort, and productivity.
This document discusses air quality issues in fitness centers. It notes that poor ventilation, including improper vent placement and airflow, can lead to higher levels of carbon dioxide and airborne molds/fungus that pose health risks. Parameters like CO2 levels, humidity, and particulate matter are interrelated with the number of people and activity levels in the facility. Regular air sampling and monitoring of CO2, humidity, and other pollutants is recommended to assess air quality and ventilation effectiveness in maintaining a safe environment for patrons.
This document provides information on HVAC systems and air conditioning. It discusses various types of air conditioning units like window units, portable units, and split units. It then describes centralized air conditioning systems and the components of an air conditioning system, including air intake, pre-heating, filtration, cooling and dehumidifying coils, and dehumidification and humidification equipment. It explains the thermal duty of air conditioning systems and the sequence of air treatment for both summer and winter conditions.
Estimating the effects of energy conservation construction codeToddCrawford
This document discusses estimating the effects of energy conservation on temperature and humidity in buildings. It covers the New York State Energy Conservation Construction Code (ECCC), methods for estimating heat loss, air leakage, humidity levels, thermal mass, and solar heat gain in buildings. The key points are that the ECCC aims to effectively use energy while allowing innovative approaches, and that a building's envelope is permeable to air, moisture, and heat transfer in complex ways.
Natural ventilation utilizes differences in air pressure, temperature and wind to ventilate buildings without mechanical systems. There are several types of natural ventilation including stack ventilation, wind towers and courtyard effects. Stack ventilation uses temperature differences to draw warm air out of tall rooms or structures. Wind towers cool incoming air through evaporation before distributing it inside. Courtyards create rising warm air that is replaced by cooler air entering at lower levels. Proper building orientation, openings, cross ventilation and tall structures can optimize natural airflow. While it provides free ventilation, natural ventilation has less control over air quality than mechanical systems.
Natural ventilation is the process of supplying and removing air through a space using natural means like open windows and vents. It does not require external energy or mechanical systems. Various techniques can provide natural ventilation, such as the stack effect (using temperature differences to drive airflow), wind towers, and courtyards. Proper building orientation, cross ventilation, and opening placement and size are important for effective natural ventilation. Historic vernacular architecture in places like Jaisalmer, India effectively use natural ventilation strategies like dense building clustering, structural shading, and courtyards to provide cooling.
This document discusses overcoming high downhole temperatures when running tools. It introduces a downhole cooling system that circulates coolant inside coil tubing to protect tools from temperatures over 150°C. The system avoids pumping large volumes of water downhole and can keep tools cool for extended periods. Testing showed the system maintained an internal temperature over 150°C cooler than the external temperature and allowed tools to operate past their normal limits in high-temperature wells. The cooling system is being prepared for field testing with service companies to enable more extensive logging in demanding high-temperature applications like SAGD wells.
The document discusses indoor air quality (IAQ) and indoor environmental quality. It provides background on increased public concern about IEQ over the last decade according to NIOSH. Ventilation requirements were changed in the 1970s to conserve energy, leading to tighter buildings. The document outlines key IAQ parameters and sources of indoor and outdoor pollutants. It emphasizes the importance of proper HVAC system design, operation, and maintenance to control pollutant levels and distribution. The document provides recommendations for facility managers to promote good IAQ, such as designating an IAQ representative, assessing current conditions, educating staff, and communicating with occupants.
Indoor air quality is an important issue that affects public health. The EPA defines indoor air pollution as chemical, physical, or biological contaminants inside structures. Experts say indoor pollution affects more people than any other problem and is a leading cause of asthma in children. Poor indoor air quality can negatively impact health, work performance, and school performance. Common causes include moisture, mold, pollutant sources, and ineffective HVAC systems. Improving ventilation rates and filtration can significantly reduce sickness, absence from work and school, and increase productivity and performance. Maintaining HVAC systems is key to better indoor air quality.
This document discusses a research study on the effectiveness of concrete vent blocks as a natural cooling strategy to improve indoor environmental quality at PJ Trade Centre in Malaysia. Concrete vent blocks allow airflow while providing shade. They have high thermal mass to absorb and release heat, improving cooling. At PJ Trade Centre, concrete vent blocks are used on exterior walls along with passive design strategies like orientation, natural ventilation through stack effect and wind scoops, and landscaping with trees. The research concludes that concrete vent blocks, together with these strategies, improve indoor cooling and environmental quality at the trade centre.
Laney indoor environmental quality edited version may 2010laneycollege
This document provides an overview of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and strategies to improve indoor air quality (IAQ). It discusses why IAQ is important for health, lists common indoor pollutants like VOCs and strategies to reduce them through materials selection and ventilation. Specific strategies covered include using low-VOC products, formaldehyde-free materials, controlling moisture, and implementing third-party product certifications and construction practices to improve IEQ and occupant health and productivity.
The document discusses indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and factors that affect it, including lighting, air quality, and damp conditions. IEQ encompasses indoor air quality, which focuses on airborne contaminants as well as comfort issues. Maintaining good IEQ is important for occupant health and well-being. The document outlines various strategies for ensuring good indoor air quality during construction and occupancy, such as implementing an indoor air quality management plan during construction, conducting flush-outs or air testing before occupancy, using low-emitting materials, and monitoring outdoor air delivery.
The document discusses the fundamental building services required to provide shelter from environmental elements such as air, earth, precipitation, radiation, temperature, sound, and organisms. It addresses topics like air barriers, ventilation, moisture control, thermal comfort, acoustics, and more. Current and emerging best practices for mechanical systems, insulation, glazing, ventilation strategies like displacement ventilation, and sustainable technologies are also examined.
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY FOR GREEN BUILDINGSNischay N Gowda
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) refers to the quality of a building's indoor environment and its effects on occupant health and well-being. IEQ is determined by factors like lighting, air quality, thermal comfort, acoustics, and visual quality. The goals of good IEQ are to minimize health risks and maintain high quality indoor spaces. Sick building syndrome can occur when occupants experience health issues linked to time spent in a building without an identifiable cause. Common strategies to improve IEQ include controlling pollutants, increasing daylight and views, providing temperature and noise controls, and ensuring good indoor air quality.
This document summarizes thermoacoustic refrigeration. Thermoacoustic refrigerators use sound waves to drive a temperature gradient without ozone-depleting chemicals. They have a simple design with few moving parts, making them reliable and cost-efficient to produce. The main components are a loudspeaker driver, resonator tube filled with an inert gas, and a stack of small parallel channels that facilitate changes in pressure and flow velocity. As sound waves propagate through the system, a temperature difference is generated across the stack for cooling purposes. Potential applications include preserving samples in space, cooling electronics on submarines and ships, and replacing vapor-compression refrigerators.
Vertical transportation systems include all kinds of transportation media within buildings, such as lifts, escalators, hydraulic hoists and passengers conveyors etc. It may be considered the most important building services system for high-rise buildings.
Plasma treatment can solve many problems in fabric and garment finishing by imparting desirable functional and aesthetic characteristics. It uses ionized gas or plasma to modify fabric surfaces. Plasma treatment has advantages over conventional wet processing like lower water, chemical and energy consumption and reduced environmental pollution. It can be used to improve properties like wettability, dyeability, strength and wrinkle resistance of various natural and synthetic fabrics. While plasma technology offers benefits, it also faces challenges like high initial costs and a need for more development of industrial systems. However, due to its eco-friendly nature, plasma finishing is expected to grow in use in the textile industry.
The document defines key terms related to cleanrooms and HVAC systems. It discusses important HVAC concepts like temperature, humidity, pressurization, air changes, filtration, distribution, and contamination control. It also covers contaminants, air quality, standards, and regulations. Proper HVAC design, maintenance, and validation are emphasized as important to maintain air quality in cleanrooms.
1. HVAC systems are designed to heat, ventilate, and cool indoor spaces while maintaining air quality. They do this through components that control temperature, purify air, and regulate humidity.
2. Proper air circulation is important for indoor air quality. Factors like air flow patterns and the placement of supply and return vents impact air change rates.
3. HVAC systems have several core components including air handling equipment, heating/cooling systems, ductwork, and filters that work together to condition indoor environments. Component selection depends on factors like desired conditions, space volume, and ambient conditions.
Unique high induction air distribution system bringing stringent temperature control for pharmaceutical, logistics, retail, food and distribution warehousing. Mix-ind brings air quality, air comfort, stringent temperature control and significant cost savings with regards to Capex and running costs
Mix-ind ® air Pulsion is a unique method of air distribution which recalls a large
quantity of ambient air to mix it with the input air.
This mixture of input and surrounding air approaches design temperature within 1m of
the pulser and sets the totality of the environment air mass in controlled motion.
3 Things You Should Know About the Changing Refrigeration ClimateAllison Banko
This webinar provides the latest information regarding the regulatory changes and the potential impacts to food manufacturers and distributors. It also focuses on emerging technologies which meet the new guidelines and are innovative for cooling and freezing applications.
This document discusses cleanrooms, including their features, standards, stages of cleanliness, and subsystems. Cleanrooms are controlled environments used in scientific research and lithography to control contamination. They maintain very low levels of environmental pollutants and particles through filtered air, temperature/humidity control, laminar airflow, and other subsystems like water, gas, and construction standards. Cleanrooms are classified based on particle counts using Federal and ISO standards for different stages of static, operational and as-built cleanliness.
This document discusses industrial ventilation systems. It describes the objectives of industrial ventilation as diluting or removing airborne contaminants, providing a comfortable thermal environment, supplying makeup air, and avoiding flammable or explosive environments. It then describes the two main types of industrial ventilation - general or dilution ventilation, which dilutes contaminants with clean air, and local exhaust ventilation, which removes contaminated air. The document provides details on the components, principles, and design of both general and local exhaust ventilation systems.
Thermo Acoustic refrigeration is a phenomenon that uses high intensity sound waves in a pressurized gas tube to pump heat from one place to other to produce refrigeration effect. This system completely eliminates the need for lubricants and results in 40% less energy consumption.
This document discusses compressors and compressed air systems. It begins with an introduction that notes significant inefficiencies in compressed air systems, with 70-90% of compressed air being lost. It then describes the main components of compressed air systems. The document outlines the two basic types of compressors: positive displacement and dynamic. It provides details on assessing compressor capacity and efficiency. Finally, it lists several energy efficiency opportunities for compressed air systems, such as minimizing air leakage, managing air intake temperature, and implementing regular maintenance practices.
2016 Net Positive Conference - the nexus of resiliency and net positiveRed Car Analytics
John Andary, Neil Bulger of Integral Group present on design practices for resilient and net positive buildings. From thermal comfort to net zero energy buildings. Focus on passive survivablilty in the built environment, bring back design principles of passive architecture with high powered simulation tools and the latest research.
Thermal power plant pollution and cotrol techniquesMudeer Ahmed
This document discusses pollution from thermal power plants and techniques to control it. Thermal power plants produce various pollutants like COx, NOx, SOx from combusting fossil fuels. This causes air, water, land and noise pollution which impact the environment and human health. The techniques discussed to control pollution include electrostatic precipitators, cyclone separators, fabric filters, scrubbers and carbon capture which can reduce particulate matter and gas emissions from power plants. Switching to renewable energy and improving efficiency are also proposed as solutions.
The document discusses various pollution prevention strategies and air pollution control methods. It defines pollution prevention as eliminating or reducing waste at the source before it is generated. Common pollution prevention approaches include product changes, input material changes, equipment/process modifications, and good operating practices. The document also describes various air pollution control methods such as absorption, adsorption, oxidation, particulate controls like baghouses and electrostatic precipitators, and flue gas desulfurization systems.
Hvac Heating, Ventilation and Air ConditioningDeepak Jayan
ake coupled systems are run to a sufficient body of water, and the coils are submerged in the water. The coils are wrapped in overlapping circles. The coils must be submerged at least 8ft to prevent freezing.
Operate on simple refrigeration cycle
Reversing the cycle provides heating
Temperature limitations
Air to air
Water source
Geothermal
Lake coupled
HVAC systems provide heating, ventilation, and air conditioning to ensure human comfort and allow occupation of spaces under adverse conditions. Proper load calculations and equipment selection are important for efficiency. HVAC transfers heat via conduction, convection, and radiation. Psychrometrics deals with air temperature and humidity. Common HVAC equipment includes fans, filters, compressors, furnaces, and air distribution components. Various system types include rooftop units, split systems, heat pumps, and geothermal. Controls manage temperature, airflow, and equipment operation.
Industrial air pollutant control devicesAtul Patel
This document discusses industrial air pollution and control equipment. It begins by describing the causes and effects of air pollution, including burning fossil fuels, agriculture, factories, and more. It then discusses objectives and methods for air pollution control, including particulate control devices like cyclones, electrostatic precipitators, and wet scrubbers. It also discusses gaseous pollutant control methods like absorption, adsorption, condensation, and incineration. Specific air pollution control technologies and their operating principles are described in detail.
Building services & Standards For Institutional BuildingKashish Duggal
The presentation contains services that are to be provided in an institutional building along with the standards for the services that should be present in a college . For more info refer TSS.
Similar to Indoor environmental quality - greg allen (20)
GBF2014 - Rob Thornton - Flexible, Local, Resilient Energy GenerationToronto 2030 District
The document discusses the future of energy generation being flexible, local, and resilient through district energy systems and microgrids. It provides examples of how district energy/combined heat and power systems helped communities maintain power and heat during extreme weather events like Hurricane Sandy. Emerging policy trends support more widespread adoption of microgrid technologies to improve grid reliability and resilience at the local level.
The document discusses how climate change will impact cities through increased temperatures, more extreme precipitation events, and sea level rise. It provides projections for temperature increases and precipitation changes in North America. Cities will experience more heat waves that may be exacerbated by urban heat islands. Coastal cities are particularly at risk from sea level rise. Effective adaptation strategies are needed to reduce risks and increase resilience of cities.
This document discusses the increasing trend of catastrophic losses from natural disasters in Canada. It notes that the number of catastrophic events and insured losses have increased significantly over the past few decades, with 2013 being particularly costly due to floods in Alberta and Toronto. Climate change and development in at-risk areas are contributing to rising losses. The document advocates for both structural measures like flood protection and non-structural approaches like risk transfer through insurance to address the growing economic impacts of disasters.
The document discusses several case studies of resilient and sustainable building designs in areas impacted by natural disasters. It describes projects in New Orleans that used flood-resistant and prefabricated construction techniques. It also outlines master plans and housing designs for Far Rockaway, NY that were developed after Hurricane Sandy to improve flood resilience, such as raising structures, adding boardwalks, and designing homes with passive solar features.
The document discusses planning climate-resilient cities and outlines a strategic framework for building resilience. It emphasizes the need to manage changes in the environment, maintain minimum operating capacity during incidents, and focus on sustainable economic development, incident management, and preventing depopulation to attract talent. A 5-step process is proposed for cities to self-reflect, analyze resilience goals, plan strategies, define study scopes, and determine dependencies and functions to increase resilience.
Daniel Skog, Communications Officer, Malmö, Sweden
Closing the loops – sustainable systems for energy, waste and water and in the Western Harbour, Malmö, Sweden” Historically, Kockums shipyard was located in the Western Harbour which today hosts thousands of apartments and offices. The first development, Bo01, was designed to use and produce 100% locally renewable energy over the course of a year. Buildings receive energy from solar, wind and a heat pump that extracts heat from an aquifer that facilitates seasonal storage of heat and cold water in the limestone ground. The different stages in the Western Harbour have piloted different waste separation systems. Food waste is gathered in storage tanks and transported for biogas production. All areas in the Western Harbour have good access to walking paths, bike lanes, buses and car pools.
Re-Energizing Our Cities: From District to Specific - Integral GroupToronto 2030 District
Dave Ramslie and Gerry Faubert, Principals, Integral Group
Reenergizing our Cities! – Integrated District Scale Energy Planning
Investment in our buildings and infrastructure has never been more timely. Energy solutions that work for both new development and for the retention and re-imagining of our existing buildings are possible today. The scale and application of these solutions from grass roots community engagement programs, to retro-commissioning, big data and the development of large sale renewable energy solutions can work together to lower emissions and improve our collective quality of life. Using case studies such as the development of new district ambient loop in downtown Vancouver using existing fire protection infrastructure and the promotion of deep green retrofits in multi-unit residential buildings through the Condo Retrofit Assistance Financing Trial (CRAFT) Dave Ramslie and Gerry Faubert will examine how a variety of solutions deployed at the neighborhood level can be aligned to achieve significant community wide energy savings and economic revitalization.
Dr. Khosrow Farabakhsh, Associate Professor, School of Engineering, University of Guelph
If necessity is the mother of invention then uncertainty is the seed for innovation. We live in uncertain times. Our trusted climate models and long-cherished engineering tools and formulas are being severely tested and are often incapable of coping with inherent uncertainties of our natural and human environments. Challenged by the severe climate events, economic and population pressures and aging infrastructure, cities are forced to reconsider the concepts of planning and scale. In this presentation we will explore the idea of urban infrastructure design and planning derived from a new paradigm in water management. Focusing on what we already know and presenting tools we already posses, the presentation discusses how to transition from current deterministic approach in planning to a more adaptive approach that incorporates water management using a post-normal systems approach. Technical, regulatory and design examples will be provided to highlight the transition already underway. Examples include distributed water reuse and recovering energy and other resources from wastewater.
What is "Model" Sustainability? UniverCity's Journey Toward Sustainability T...Toronto 2030 District
UniverCity is a sustainable community development project located on land owned by Simon Fraser University. It aims to be a model community for sustainability while also supporting the university's teaching and research goals. The development is planned to include 4,536 residential units and is currently home to around 3,700 residents, with many affiliated with SFU. UniverCity has implemented initiatives focused on environment, equity, economy, and education like green building standards, sustainable energy and transportation, affordable housing options, and partnerships between community programs and university research. A new childcare center is planned to meet the rigorous Living Building Challenge standards for self-sufficient energy, water and materials.
Bob Bach presents on changes to the energy efficiency requirements that are included in the Ontario Building Code (OBC2012) which will launch Jan 1 2014, as well as expected changes in the 2017 version of the code.
Mike Singleton of Sustainable Buildings Canada presented an overview on the results of the first year of Enbridge Savings By Design builder workshops. Savings by design aims to help Ontario builders of commercial buildings and production residential projects surpass the energy requirements of the Ontario Building Code by 25%.
Scott Armstrong
Design considerations in achieving SB-10 – high performance enclosures, analyzing systems, delivering quality, and verifying performance
The document outlines a presentation on Low Impact Development (LID) case studies. It provides details on several LID projects in Ontario, including the objectives and stormwater management strategies employed. The case studies cover a variety of project types, from institutional to commercial to residential developments. Challenges and lessons learned are also discussed, such as the importance of contractor education, maintenance programs, and protecting LID installations during construction.
RPWORLD offers custom injection molding service to help customers develop products ramping up from prototypeing to end-use production. We can deliver your on-demand parts in as fast as 7 days.
Rethinking Kållered │ From Big Box to a Reuse Hub: A Transformation Journey ...SirmaDuztepeliler
"Rethinking Kållered │ From Big Box to a Reuse Hub: A Transformation Journey Toward Sustainability"
The booklet of my master’s thesis at the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering at Chalmers University of Technology. (Gothenburg, Sweden)
This thesis explores the transformation of the vacated (2023) IKEA store in Kållered, Sweden, into a "Reuse Hub" addressing various user types. The project aims to create a model for circular and sustainable economic practices that promote resource efficiency, waste reduction, and a shift in societal overconsumption patterns.
Reuse, though crucial in the circular economy, is one of the least studied areas. Most materials with reuse potential, especially in the construction sector, are recycled (downcycled), causing a greater loss of resources and energy. My project addresses barriers to reuse, such as difficult access to materials, storage, and logistics issues.
Aims:
• Enhancing Access to Reclaimed Materials: Creating a hub for reclaimed construction materials for both institutional and individual needs.
• Promoting Circular Economy: Showcasing the potential and variety of reusable materials and how they can drive a circular economy.
• Fostering Community Engagement: Developing spaces for social interaction around reuse-focused stores and workshops.
• Raising Awareness: Transforming a former consumerist symbol into a center for circular practices.
Highlights:
• The project emphasizes cross-sector collaboration with producers and wholesalers to repurpose surplus materials before they enter the recycling phase.
• This project can serve as a prototype for reusing many idle commercial buildings in different scales and sizes.
• The findings indicate that transforming large vacant properties can support sustainable practices and present an economically attractive business model with high social returns at the same time.
• It highlights the potential of how sustainable practices in the construction sector can drive societal change.
41. DV Characteristics
Ventilation Effectiveness
• Outdoor Air requirements
(ASHRAE Standard 62-
2004)
– Requirement =
(Occupant/Space
Requirement)/(Ez)
– OHAD = 100/1.0 = 100 CFM
– DV = 100/1.2 = 80 CFM
• 20% Savings on OA
requirements
Source ASHRAE
42. DV Characteristics
Ventilation Effectiveness
• Measure of Contaminants in
Occupied Zone compared to
Return Air
• Mixed Systems < 1.0
• DV Systems > 1.0
• Potential Reduction for
outdoor air requirement
under ASHRAE 62-2004 C Exhaust
Ec =
COccupant
43. Applications
Healthcare
• New research into Healthcare and DV
– Show applications in patient rooms, waiting areas, admittance, non-
critical care spaces
• Superior comfort levels
• Improved contaminant removal
– Significant reduction in infectious transmission through airborne
containments