The document discusses system interconnect architecture for multiprocessors and multicomputers, detailing the role of networks in connecting processors, memory modules, and I/O ports. It outlines various topologies used for performance enhancement, addressing factors like functionality, network latency, bandwidth, hardware complexity, and scalability. Additionally, it provides examples of static connection networks, including linear arrays, rings, chordal rings, and entirely connected networks.

1. SYSTEM
INTERCONNECT
ARCHITECTURE
ADVANCED COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE
SEMINAR
- S. GAGAN KUMAR

2. SYSTEM INTERCONNECT
ARCHITECTURE
• Networks are used to interconnect computer sub-systems
to construct multiprocessors or multicomputer.
• These networks are used to provide internal connections
among processors, memory modules and I/O ports in a
computing sub-system.
• Various generalised topologies are used for building these
networks for efficient communication to give best parallel
computing performance.

3. 1. Functionality : Data routing, Interrupt Handling, Synchronization,
Requests, etc.
2. Network Latency : Worst-case time delay for a unit message
transfer.
3. Bandwidth : Maximum data transfer rate.
4. Hardware Complexity : Implementation Cost for wires, switches,
connectors, etc.
5. Scalability : Ability to expand with increase in resources.
Factors affecting the network
performance :

4. TYPES OF CONNECTION NETWORKS
1. Static Connection Network
2. Dynamic Connection Network

5. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
1. LINEAR ARRAY
10 11
121315 14
0 1 2 3
67
8 9
5 4
Node Degree= 2
Diameter = 15

6. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
2. Ring
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
9
0
1
10
11
12
13
15
14
Node Degree = 2
Diameter = N/2 = 8

7. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
3. Chordal Ring
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
9
0
1
10
11
12
13
15
14
Node Degree= 3
Diameter = 5

8. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
3. Chordal Ring
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
9
0
1
10
11
12
13
15
14
Node Degree= 4
Diameter = 3

9. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
4. Barrel Shifter Ring
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
9
0
1
10
11
12
13
15
14
Node Degree= 7
Diameter = 2

10. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
5. Completely Connected
Node Degree= 15
Diameter = 1
6
7
8
2
3
4
5
9
0
1
10
11
12
13
15
14

11. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
6. Trees
1
3 4
7 10
0
98
2
5 6
11 141312

12. STATIC CONNECTION NETWORK
7. Systolic
Arrays
10 11
121315 14
0 1 2 3
67
8 9
5 4

13. THANK YOU