The document discusses key concepts in syntax including nouns, determiners, verbs, and phrases. It defines nouns as names of people, places, and things. Determiners like articles help limit the range of things a noun can refer to. Verbs describe actions and states. Phrases consist of one or more words and can be constituents within a sentence containing other constituents. The document provides examples to illustrate these syntax concepts.

1. Linda Thomas Beginning Syntax

2. Syntax Nouns Determiners Verbs Phrases and Phrase Structure

3. Syntax Nouns Nouns are often described as being the “name of something” including people and places and we’ll stick with this definition for the time being, although there are some difficulties with it.

4. Syntax Nouns S The + NOUN + likes + the NOUN girl girl dog dog apple apple

5. Syntax Determiners Determiners are a small group of words and they act to limit or determine to some extent the possible range of things which the noun can refer to. The basic determiners are the ARTICLES. INDEFINITE ARTICLES. (a, an) DEFINITE ARTICLE.(the)

6. Syntax Determiners S DETERMINERS+NOUN+ likes +Determiners +NOUN this girl that girl that dog the dog the apple this apple

7. Syntax Verb A verb is a word which describes an action or state. S DETERMINERS+NOUN+VERB+Determiners +NOUN this girl likes that girl that dog buys the dog the apple eats this apple

8. Syntax Phrases and Phrase Structure Phrase It consists of one or more than one word this unit is called a PHRASE. A phrase can be a unit or constituent within a sentence (S) which itself contains other units or constituents.

9. Syntax Phrases and Phrase Structure S PHRASE A PHRASE B VERB DERTERMINER DERTERMINER NOUN NOUN chased that A dog girl

10. Syntax Phrases and Phrase Structure S PHRASE A PHRASE B VERB PRO NOUN chased He / it her