Surface Grinding Machine uses an abrasive grinding wheel to remove material from the surface of a workpiece for finishing. It consists of a base, work table, wheel head, and other parts. Each abrasive particle acts as a single cutting tool. Common abrasive materials are aluminum oxide, diamond, silicon carbide, and cubic boron nitride. It can produce a smooth, high precision surface and is useful for grinding tools, cutters, and other flat or cylindrical surfaces. However, it has limitations such as inability to grind in reverse and constant degradation of the grinding wheel.

1. Surface Grinding Machine
By
Er. Rampal Singh Ojha

2. Grinding
• Grinding Process is the conventional finish machining Process used
for producing a good surface finish on the components.
• The abrasive particles present on the surface of a grinding wheel will
be acting as a single point cutting tools for removing the material
from the workpiece.
• The cubical or rectangular shape of the abrasive particles used in the
grinding wheel will produce an approximate cross-section of the chip
as triangular.

3. Surface Grinding Machine
• Surface Grinding Machine is a machine in which a grinding wheel is
used as a cutting tool for removing the material from the surface of
the work piece. It is also called an abrasive machining process where
abrasives are placed on the surface and corners of the grinding wheel
so as to do the finishing process with much more accuracy.
• Each Abrasive particle acts as a single point cutting tool whereas the
grinding wheel, with full of abrasives called a multi-point cutting tool.
• The Aluminum oxide, diamond, silicon carbide, and cubic boron
nitride (CBN) are four commonly used abrasive materials for the
surface of the grinding wheels.

5. Surface Grinding Machine

6. Parts of surface Grinding Machine
• Base
• Hand Traversing Wheel
• Cross Slide Hand wheel
• Work Table
• Column
• Wheel Head
• Vertical Feed Hand Wheel
• Wheel Guard
• Abrasive Wheel
• Coolant

7. Parts of surface Grinding Machine
• Base:
• It acts as a support for the entire assembly and also acts as an
absorber of vibrations.
• Hand Traversing Wheel:
• This traversing wheel is used to adjust the worktable in a longitudinal
direction i.e. the worktable can be moved in forward and backward
direction by means of Hand Traversing Wheel.

8. Parts of surface Grinding Machine
• Cross Slide Handwheel:
• This hand wheel is used to adjust the worktable in up and down direction
so that the workpiece is to be placed in exact dimension w.r.t. the Grinding
wheel.
• Work Table:
• It is the place where the workpiece is to be held properly.
• Column:
• It is the vertical column where wheel head, Wheel Guard and Abrasive
Wheel are mounted.
•

9. Parts of surface Grinding Machine
• Wheel Head:
• It is the compartment which has to be moved up and down so that
the grinding wheel can touch the workpiece.
• Vertical Feed Hand Wheel:
• This hand wheel is used to provide the feed to the wheel head in a
vertical direction which also indicates the depth of cut from the
surface of the workpiece.

10. Parts of surface Grinding Machine
• Wheel Guard:
• It acts as a cover on the grinding wheel to avoid the accidents.
• Abrasive Wheel:
• This is the main tool which is used to remove the material from the
surface of the workpiece. It is coated with abrasives and thereby the
accuracy obtained is very high
• Coolant:
• The Coolant used in Surface Grinding Process is used to cool the work
region so that heat cannot be dissipated into the workpiece and
grinding wheel

11. Advantages of Surface Grinding Machine:
• The advantages of Surface Grinding Machine are as follows.
• A high surface finish can be produced.
• It can produce a smooth surface on metallic and non-metallic surfaces
also.
• High productivity
• No skilled operator is required.
• Manual and Automatic operations can be performed on it.
• The work can be easily performed on this machine.

12. Disadvantages and Application
• The disadvantages of Surface Grinding Machine are as follows.
• No grinding in the reverse direction.
• The grinding wheel is constantly degrading and requires much spindle
power.
• Applications of Surface Grinding Machine:
• The applications of Surface Grinding Machine are as follows.
• It is useful for the grinding of various tools and cutters.
• It is used to finish flat surfaces and cylindrical surfaces.
• Abrasive milling can be performed on the workpieces.
• It is used in various industries and institutions.