1. Superficial mycoses include dermatophytosis, pityriasis versicolor, keratomycosis, tinea nigra, black piedra, and white piedra. 2. Dermatophytosis, also known as ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails caused by dermatophyte fungi. Common types include tinea capitis, tinea barbae, tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea pedis, and tinea unguium. 3. Pityriasis versicolor is caused by the yeast Malassezia furfur and presents as hyperpigmented or depigmented

1. SUPERFICIAL
MYCOSES

2. SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES
●Dermatophytosis
●Pityriasis versicolor
●Keratomycosis
●Tinea nigra
●Black piedra
●White piedra
●candidiasis

3. DERMATOPHYTOSIS
(=Tinea = Ringworm)
• Infection of the skin, hair or nails c
keratinophilic fungi, called
dermatophytes
¨ Microsporum Hair, skin
¨ Epidermophyton Skin, nail
¨ Trichophyton Hair, skin, nail

4. DERMATOPHYTES
• ANTHROPOPHILIC
Trichophyton rubrum,tonsurans
• GEOPHILIC
Microsporum gypseum...
• ZOOPHILIC
Microsporum canis: cats and dogs
Microsporum nanum: swine
Trichophyton verrucosum: horse and
swine…

5. Factors:
• Contact and trauma
• Moisture
• Crowded living conditions
• Cellular immunodeficiency →
(chronic inf.)

6. DERMATOPHYTOSIS
Clinical Classification
• Infection is named according to
the anatomic location involved:
a. Tinea barbae e. Tinea pedis
(Athlete’s foot)
b. Tinea corporis f. Tinea manuum
c. Tinea capitis g. Tinea unguium
d. Tinea cruris
(Jock itch)

7. Clinical features –Tinea capitis
• Cardinal features of partial hair loss
with some degree of inflammation
It ranges from:
1. Non inflammatory patches of alopecia
2. Alopecia with black dots
3. Favus type-yellow cup shaped crust
‘SCUTULA’ which later leads to patchy
hair loss with cicatricial alopecia
andatrophy

8. • 4.Kerion: inflammation and alopecia
resembling bacterial furunculosis
Painful boggy mass discharging pus with
crusting and matting of adjacent hair
Lymphadenopathy is (+)nt
T.verrucosum
T.mentagrophytes var mentagrophytes
5. Seborrhic dermatitis like

9. Tinea Barbae
• Ringworms of beard & moustache area
with invasion of coarse hair

10. Tinea corporis/ T.Circinata
• Ringworm of glabourous skin
• Etiology
- M/C cause is T.rubrum
- T.mentagrophytes,M.canis, T.tonsurans
are also common

11. Clinical features-T.Corporis
• Annular lesion,sharply marginated with
raised edge & scales across the entire
erythematous border

12. Tinea cruris
- Warm humid condition & sharing of
towels & sport clothing are imp. factors

13. Clinical features-T.Cruris
• Itching is predominant
• Erythematous plaques curved with sharp
margins with scaling from groin down
the thigh

14. Tinea pedis
- Occlusive footwear,communal baths,
showers or swimming pools increase
chance of infection.

15. Clinical features-T.Pedis
1. Interdigital

16. 2. Squamous hyperkeratotic variety

17. 3. Vesicobullous type

18. Tinea manuum
• Ringworm of palmer skin

19. Clinical features
• u/l diffuse hyperkeratosis of palm &
finger with accentuation of flexural
creases

20. TINEA UNGUIUM
• Invasion of nail plate by dermatophytes

21. Clinical features
• 1.DLSO-
- strek/patch of yellow/white
discolouration at the free edge

22. • 2. SWO-

23. • 3. PROXIMAL SUBUNGUAL
ONYCHOMYCOSIS

24. • 4. Endonyx type

25. Tinea incognito
- Steroid modified tinea

26. Dermatophytide reactions
• Non infective cutaneus eruption
• Essential criteria for diagnosis
1 Proven dermatophytic infection
2 Distant eruption free of ringworm
3 Spontaneous disappearance when
ringworm infection settles
4 Morphology should match one of
recognise type

27. DERMATOPHYTOSIS
Diagnosis
I. Clinical
Appearance
Wood lamp (UV, 365 nm)
II. Lab
A. Collection of sample
B. Direct microscopic examination
(10-30% KOH)
Hair should be examined immediately

28. • Skin scrapings-warm gently

29. DERMATOPHYTOSIS
Diagnosis
C. Culture
Sabouraud dextrose agar
chloramphenicol(.005%),
cycloheximide(.04%) are added
Moulds-26-28°c for 3 to 4 wks
Candida-37°c for 1 wk
3-4% malt extract agar

30. Treatment of ringworm
• antifungals

31. Pityrosporum infection of skin
● PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR
● Etio: Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum
orbiculare) (Lipophilic yeast)
● Clinical findings: Hyperpigmented or
depigmented maculae on chest, back,
arms, abdomen
● Fine branny scales are characterstic

32. • P.folliculitis
• Site-back,chest
• Perifollicular,erythematous 2-3mm
papule or pustules
• Pruritus present
• DM,steroid,antibiotic use predisposes
• D.D. bacterial folliculitis,acne

33. Diagnosis
• micro: Short hyphae, yeast cells
Sphagetti and meat ballappaearance
• Culture: Yeast (suppl.: olive oil)
• Treatment antifungals

34. TINEA NIGRA
• Superficial chronic infection of Stratum
corneum
• Etio: Hortae werneckii (pigmented)
• Clinical findings: asymptomatic nonscaly
sharply defined Brownish maculae on
palms, fingers, face

35. BLACK PIEDRA
• Fungal infection of the scalp hair
• Etio: Piedraia hortae
• Frequent in tropical areas
• Clinical findings: Discrete,
hard,firmly adherent, dark brown to
black nodules on the hair

36. WHITE PIEDRA
• Fungal infection of facial, axillary
or genital hair
• Etio: Trichosporon beigelli
,T.ovoides,T.inkin(pubic)
• Frequent in tropical and
temperate zones

37. CANDIDIASIS
• CANDIDA ALBICANS
Oral cavity- whitish membrane that can be scraped
off
pseudomembrane
Angular cheilitis
Atrophic
hyperplastic
Flexures- intertrigo
Nails- paronychia

38. • Microscopy- budding yeast cellsin 10% koh
• Culture
• Treatment- fluconazole
• Glabrata and krussie resistant to antifungals