The document discusses five main subfields of artificial intelligence: machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, expert systems, and fuzzy logic. It provides details on each subfield, including definitions and examples. Machine learning uses data and algorithms to make predictions and recommendations. Deep learning uses multiple layers to learn from data, similar to the human brain. Natural language processing helps computers understand human languages. Expert systems are interactive decision-making systems that use facts and heuristics. Fuzzy logic handles concepts of partial truth between fully true and false.

1. SUBFIELDS OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
DR. SUCHITA BHOVAR
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
BACHLEOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

2. SUBFIELDS OF ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
•Machine Learning
•Deep Learning
•Natural Language Processing
•Expert Systems
•Fuzzy Logic

3. Machine learning is a part of artificial Intelligence which
combines data with statistical tools to predict an output
which can be used to make actionable insights.
The machine receives data as input and uses an
algorithm to formulate answers.
A typical machine learning tasks are to provide a
recommendation.
Machine learning is also used for a variety of tasks like
fraud detection, predictive maintenance, portfolio
optimization, automatize task and so on.

5.  Deep learning is a sub-field of machine learning.
Deep learning does not mean the machine learns more
in-depth knowledge; it uses different layers to learn
from the data.
The depth of the model is represented by the number of
layers in the model.
Deep Learning is a computer software that mimics the
network of neurons in a brain.

6.  Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of AI that helps computers to
understand, interpret and manipulate human languages like English or Hindi to
analyze and derive it’s meaning.
 NLP helps developers to organize and structure knowledge to perform tasks
translation, summarization, named entity recognition, relationship extraction,
speech recognition, topic segmentation, etc.
 NLP in Artificial Intelligence never focuses on voice modulation; it does draw on
contextual patterns.
 Man is to woman as king is to __________? Meaning (king) – meaning (man) +
meaning ( woman)=? The answer is- queen

7.  An expert system is an
interactive and reliable
computer-based decision-
making system that uses facts
and heuristics to solve
complex decision-making
problems
 It is also considered at the
highest level of human
intelligence.
 The main goal of an expert
system is to solve the most
complex issues in a specific
domain.
Participant Role
Domain Expert
He is a person or group
whose expertise and
knowledge is taken to
develop an expert system.
Knowledge Engineer
Knowledge engineer is a
technical person who
integrates knowledge into
computer systems.
End User
It is a person or group of
people who are using the
expert system to get to get
advice which will not be
provided by the expert.
Participant in Expert Systems Development

8.  Fuzzy Logic is defined as a
many-valued logic form
that may have truth values
of variables in any real
number between 0 and 1.
 It is the handle concept of
partial truth. In real life, we
may encounter a situation
where we can’t decide
whether the statement is
true or false.
Product Company Fuzzy Logic
Anti-lock brakes Nissan
Use fuzzy logic to
controls brakes in
hazardous cases
depend on car speed,
acceleration, wheel
speed, and
acceleration
Auto transmission NOK/Nissan
Fuzzy logic is used to
control the fuel
injection and ignition
based on throttle
setting, cooling water
temperature, RPM,
etc.
Auto engine Honda, Nissan
Use to select geat
based on engine load,
driving style, and
road conditions.