Student Work Ectrodactyly
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Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft syndrome is a rare condition characterized by deformities of the hands and feet (ectrodactyly), abnormalities in skin, hair, teeth and nails (ectodermal dysplasia), and cleft lip and/or palate. It can be caused by genetic mutations and affects development of the ectoderm layer in utero. People with this syndrome may experience physical challenges and social isolation due to the visible differences and associated health issues. There is no cure, but treatment aims to address specific symptoms through surgery, dental care, and managing other ectodermal abnormalities.
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This document discusses dermatomes and myotomes, which relate to the sensory and motor innervation of the body by spinal nerve roots. It provides detailed information on:
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- The anatomy and distribution of dermatomes for each spinal nerve from C1 to S5.
- Clinical tests for dermatomes using pinprick and light touch at key points on the body.
- The muscles (myotomes) innervated by each spinal nerve root from C1 to S1.
- Clinical tests of myotomes through resisted movement exercises to evaluate motor function.
Median nerve injuries
This document discusses median nerve injuries, including:
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1. The ACL originates from the femur and inserts into the tibia, resisting anterior tibial translation and medial rotation. ACL injuries most commonly result from rapid changes in direction during sports.
2. Physical examination of ACL injuries involves tests like the Lachman test and anterior drawer test to assess knee stability. MRI is also used for diagnosis.
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Apply gentle pressure proximally
Surgeon: Check distal pulses and capillary refill
If no improvement:
Consider temporary arteriotomy or venous shunt
Delay closure and observe
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Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is leading source for trustworthy health, medical, science and technology news and information. Providing world health information Medical Education.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is dedicated to medical students, physiotherapists, doctors, nurses, paramedics, physician associates, dentists, pharmacists, midwives and other healthcare professionals.
We're committed to being your source for expert health guidance. Bhaskar Health and Medical Education.
Source : https://www.bhaskarhealth.com
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@drrohitbhaskar @bhaskarhealth
#DrRohitBhaskar #BhaskarHealth
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Limb length discrepency
This document discusses limb length discrepancy (LLD), including its definition, causes, effects, evaluation, and management. LLD is when one lower limb is noticeably longer than the other. It is classified as structural or functional. LLD of 2.5 cm or more can cause back/hip/knee pain and gait abnormalities. Evaluation involves history, exam including block testing, and imaging like scansograms. LLD can be managed non-surgically with shoe lifts for small discrepancies or surgically with epiphysiodesis or bone lengthening depending on the severity.
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Apply gentle pressure proximally
Surgeon: Check distal pulses and capillary refill
If no improvement:
Consider temporary arteriotomy or venous shunt
Delay closure and observe
Flap or graft may be needed
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The document discusses trochanteric hip fractures, which occur in the area between the greater and lesser trochanters. These fractures are extracapsular and more common in elderly females. Clinical features include pain in the hip, leg shortening, external rotation deformity, swelling, and tenderness over the greater trochanter. Treatment options include conservative management for high-risk patients or surgical fixation to stabilize the fracture. Surgical techniques include closed or open reduction with implants like dynamic hip screws or proximal femoral nails.
Limb length discrepancy
Limb length discrepancy can be congenital or acquired. It is defined as a difference in leg length of 2.5 cm or more. A short leg causes an awkward gait, increased energy expenditure, and back pain. Treatment depends on the severity and includes shoe lifts for mild cases and epiphysiodesis, shortening, or lengthening procedures for larger discrepancies. Limb lengthening uses either external fixators like the Ilizarov or internal devices to gradually lengthen the bone through the process of distraction osteogenesis, where the bone is slowly pulled apart to stimulate new bone growth. Treatment must be tailored based on the individual's age, growth remaining, and specific condition.
Subacromail bursitis
Subacromial bursitis is inflammation of the bursa between the shoulder blade and rotator cuff muscles. It is usually caused by repetitive overhead activities or trauma and presents as shoulder pain that worsens with movement between 80-120 degrees of elevation. While physical examination can suggest bursitis, imaging may be needed to diagnose and rule out other issues. Treatment involves rest, ice, anti-inflammatories, and potentially corticosteroid injections into the bursa.
Plantar fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the plantar fascia in the foot that causes heel pain. It is caused by overuse from activities like long-distance running or tight calf muscles limiting the foot's range of motion. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and warmth in the heel area. Conservative treatments include stretching exercises, orthotics, night splints, taping, and manual therapies to increase flexibility and support the arch. Treatment may last several months to two years and surgery is an option for severe cases that do not improve.
Adhesive capsulitis
Adhesive capsulitis is a condition characterized by a painful and progressive loss of shoulder range of motion. It typically progresses through painful, freezing, and thawing phases over 1-2 years. Treatment involves medications to manage pain, physical therapy to restore range of motion, and in refractory cases, procedures like corticosteroid injections or surgery. While pain is usually transient, some patients may develop permanent loss of range of motion.
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Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is leading source for trustworthy health, medical, science and technology news and information. Providing world health information Medical Education.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is dedicated to medical students, physiotherapists, doctors, nurses, paramedics, physician associates, dentists, pharmacists, midwives and other healthcare professionals.
We're committed to being your source for expert health guidance. Bhaskar Health and Medical Education.
Source : https://www.bhaskarhealth.com
Health Shop: https://www.bhaskarhealth.org
@drrohitbhaskar @bhaskarhealth
#DrRohitBhaskar #BhaskarHealth
#Health #Medical #News #Physiotherapy
Spondylolisthesis
Dr. Mahak Jain presented on spondylolisthesis. Key points include:
1) Spondylolisthesis is the forward translation of one vertebra on another, commonly caused by defects in the pars interarticularis known as spondylolysis.
2) It is classified based on etiology, with dysplastic, isthmic, degenerative, traumatic, and pathological types.
3) Treatment depends on factors like grade, symptoms, and etiology, ranging from conservative care to surgical options like decompression, fusion, and instrumentation.
4) Studies show surgery with fusion has better outcomes for pain and function than nonsurgical treatment or decompression alone for degenerative
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This document discusses hereditary ectodermal dysplasia, a group of congenital disorders that affect the ectodermal derivatives like skin, hair, nails, sweat glands and teeth. It describes two main types - hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia which is X-linked and causes absent or sparse sweat glands, and hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia which causes nail dystrophy. The clinical features, histological findings, oral manifestations, and genetic causes are outlined for each type. White spongy nevus or Cannon's disease is also mentioned, which is an autosomal dominant condition causing thickened white lesions on the oral mucosa.
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The contents :
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An educational presentation describing a hereditary disorder of Skin "Ichthyosis". in the presentation anatomy of affected layers are explained. Ichthyosis classification is done. and differential diagnosis of each Ichthyosis is briefly explained. UNANI as well as currently available treatment is described briefly
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Characteristics and features of developmental, hereditary and congenital disorders affecting the teeth and other hard tissues. Genetic concepts of development and role of teratogens on developing tissues,
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Sweat gland & sebaceous gland dermatology revision notes
fordyce spots
apocrine
eccrine
bromhidrosis
fox fordyce
hidradenitis suppuritiva
hyperhidrosis
foc fordyce spots
bromhydrosis
acne vulgaris
acne conglobata
acne excoreiee
fulminans
sapho
papa
resistanct acne
acne rosacea
ocular
rhinophyma
fordyce spots
basic dermatology revision notes based on lecture notes
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This document discusses the examination and management of dermatological cases and skin diseases. It covers taking a thorough history, performing a clinical examination including inspection of the entire skin and appendages, and describing key features of primary and secondary skin lesions such as scaling, crusting, erosions, ulcers, excoriations, and scarring. It also outlines potential investigations that may be needed such as skin scrapings, patch testing, biopsies, and cultures to identify infections and establish diagnoses.
BLEPHARITIS-WPS Office.pptx.ppt
Ophthalmology presentation, Eye clinic residency teachings, blepharitis, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, medical residency programmes, Ear nose and throat, dacryocystitis, lacrimal sac tumors, lacrimal sac drainage, nasolacrimal duct nursing care, dacrocystorhinostomy, endoscopic DCR, Eye lid inflammation, anatomy of the eye lid, punctum, canaliculi, tear drainage channel, infections of the eye lid, criggler's massage
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Student Work Ectrodactyly
- 2. Ectrodactyly • A.K.A. lobster claw syndrome • “derived from the Greek ektroma (abortion) and daktylos (finger) = literally, abortion (of a) finger.” (medterms.com) • rare deformation that happens during the pregnancy
- 3. • It can be a morphogenesis(process that chooses the shape of the fetus)Or a chromosomal deformity since the time of fertility • It is caused by a dominant mutant allele • Only happens in hands or feet with effects in other parts of the body
- 4. • Deformation in the ectoderm layer • Can happen with no family history • Can suffer from Ectodermal Dysplasia(irregluar skin and hair glands) at the same time
- 5. • Also with a Cleft Lip/Palate • Hypopigmentation of the skin and hair • Abnormalities in hair, lip, tooth and palate
- 6. Consequences • Physical challenge • Social isolated • Problems in many parts of the body some are in the – Skin • dry skin • lack of sweat pores • thined skin • thickened skin
- 7. – Hair • dry, brittle hair • generalized depigmentation of hair • fine hair – Eyes • nasolacrimal duct obstruction (tear duct obstruction) • excessive lacrimation (tears) • corneal ulcers and scarring • photophobia
- 8. Diagnosis • DNA tests can help • Ectoderm examinations( not that precise because of the overlap in symptoms) • Kidney structure abnormality • X rays help view the abnormalities • Skin biopsy( sweat glands not normal in shape and size, skin cells abnormal)
- 9. Treatment and Management • No cure • Surgery • Dental Care • Prevention with abnormalities in hypohydrosis( over sweating)
- 10. Examples (Videos) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XP4HPj4-EU • http://wtfwear.blogspot.com/2007/04/entire-po •
- 11. • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectrodactyly • http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=13613 • http://specialchildren.about.com/od/diagnosisindex/g/ectrodactyly.h • http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/EEC+syndrome • http://www.healthline.com/galecontent/ectrodactyly-ectodermal-dys • http://images.google.com/imgres? imgurl=http://dermatology.cdlib.org/124/case_reports/dysplasi a/1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://dermatology.cdlib.org/124/case_repo rts/dysplasia/sankhyan.html&usg=__5rqqYa7_aiP3_RgyXRW Hr71VfhM=&h=559&w=512&sz=53&hl=en&start=17&tbnid =ScDfdqJaZBJR_M:&tbnh=133&tbnw=122&prev=/images %3Fq%3DEctrodactyly%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den • www.google.com