medical terminology by Yosra Raziani integumentary system and ENT

1. Medical terminology
Session 10
Yosra razyani

2. Objectives:
• After this session you should be able to:
1. Name medical terms related to ears
2. Name medical terms related to eye
3. Define medical terms related to skin
4. Define medical terms related to eye/ears/skin specialties

3. eye
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
opt/i, opt/o, optic/o, ophthalm/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Receptor organs for the sense of sight.

4. Iris
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
ir/i, ir/o, irid/o, irit/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Controls the amount of light entering
the eye.

5. Lens
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
phac/o, phak/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Focuses rays of light on the retina

6. Lacrimal apparatus
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
dacryocyst/o, lacrim/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Accessory structures of the eyes that
produce, store, and remove tears.

7. Ears
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
acous/o, acoust/o, audi/o, audit/o, ot/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Receptor organs for the sense of hearing;
also help to maintain balance.

8. MEDICAL SPECIALTIES RELATED TO THE EYES
•An ophthalmologist is a
physician who specializes in
diagnosing and treating
diseases and disorders of
the eyes and vision
•An optometrist holds a
Doctor of Optometry degree
and specializes in measuring
the accuracy of vision to
determine whether
corrective lenses are needed

9. •Tonometry is the
measurement of
intraocular pressure
•An orbitotomy is a
surgical incision
into the orbit
•Conjunctivoplasty
is the surgical repair
of the conjunctiva

10. PATHOLOGY OF THE EYES AND VISION
•exophthalmia
abnormal protrusion of
the eyeball or eyeballs.
•Periorbital edema is
swelling surrounding
the eye or eyes

11. •Xerophthalmia, also
known as dry eye, is drying
of eye surfaces including the
conjunctiva
•Keratitis is an inflammation
of the cornea

12. •Diplopia, also known as
double vision, is the
perception of two images of a
single object
•Monochromatism, also
known as color blindness, is
the inability to distinguish
colors

13. PATHOLOGY OF THE EARS AND HEARING
•Otalgia, also known as an earache, is pain in the ear
•Otitis means any inflammation of the ear
•Otorrhagia is bleeding from the ear
• Eustachitis, is inflammation of the eustachian tube (eustach means
eustachian tube, and -itis means inflammation).

14. DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES & TREATMENT OF
THE EARS AND HEARING
•Audiometry is the use of an audiometer to measure hearing acuity
•Monaural testing involves one ear
.Otoplasty is the surgical repair of the pinna of the ear

15. Skin: The Integumentary System
• The Integumentary System is the set of organs that forms the external
covering of the body and protects it from many threats such as
infection, desiccation, abrasion, chemical assault and radiation
damage.

16. skin
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
cutane/o, dermat/o, derm/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Intact skin is the first line of defense for
the immune system. Waterproofs the
body and is the major receptor for the
sense of touch.

17. Sebaceous Glands
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
Seb/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Secrete sebum (oil) to lubricate the
skin and discourage the growth of
bacteria on the skin.

18. Sweat Glands
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
hidr/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Secrete sweat to regulate body
temperature and water content, and
excrete some metabolic waste.

19. Hair
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
pil/i, pil/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Aids in controlling the loss of body
heat.

20. Nails
RELATED COMBINING FORMS :
onych/o, ungu/o
PRIMARY FUNCTIONS :
Protect the dorsal surface of the last
bone of each finger and toe.

21. MEDICAL SPECIALTIES RELATED TO THE
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
•A dermatologist is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and
treating disorders of the skin
•A cosmetic surgeon, also known as a plastic surgeon, is a physician
who specializes in the surgical restoration and reconstruction of body
structures.

22. PATHOLOGY OF THE INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
•Seborrhea also known as
Seborrhoeic dermatitis , is over
activity of the sebaceous glands
that results in the production of an
excessive amount of sebum
•Dermatitis is a general term that
describes an inflammation of the
skin.

23. • Dermatosis is a general term
used to denote skin lesions or
eruptions of any type that are
not associated with inflammation
•Anhidrosis is the abnormal
condition of lacking sweat in
response to heat
•Hyperhidrosis is a condition of
sweating in one area or over the
whole body

24. • Folliculitis is an inflammation of the hair follicles. This condition is
especially common on the limbs and in the beard area of men.
•Onychia, also known as onychitis, is an inflammation of the matrix of
the nail that usually results in the loss of the nail.

25. •An ecchymosis, also known as a bruise, is a large, irregular area of
purplish discoloration due to bleeding under the skin (ecchym means
pouring out of juice, and -osis means abnormal condition).

26. •A hematoma, which is usually
caused by an injury, is a swelling
of clotted blood trapped in the
tissues
•Albinism is a genetic condition
characterized by a deficiency or
the absence of pigment in the
skin, hair, and irises of the eyes .
A person with this condition is
known as an albino.

27. •Melanosis is any condition of unusual deposits of
black pigment in different parts of the body
•Urticaria, also known as hives, are itchy wheals caused
by an allergic reaction

28. •Malignant melanoma, also known as melanoma, is a
type of skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes .This
is the most serious type of skin cancer and often the
first signs are changes in the size, shape, or color of a
mole.

29. DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES OF THE
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
•A biopsy is the removal of a small piece of living tissue for examination
to confirm or establish a diagnosis
We have Incisional biopsy, Excisional biopsy and Needle biopsy.

30. Treatment Procedures of the Integumentary System
•Cryosurgery is the destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells,
such as warts or tumors, through the application of extreme cold by
using liquid nitrogen .

31. •Dermatoplasty,
also known as a skin
graft, is the
replacement of
damaged skin with
healthy tissue taken
from a donor site on
the patient’s body