The document discusses various technologies for sewage treatment including activated sludge process (ASP), moving bed bioreactor (MBBR), sequential batch reactor (SBR), membrane bioreactor (MBR), upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, and trickling filter (TF). It provides diagrams of process flow and compares the technologies based on parameters like space requirement, capital cost, power consumption, and treated effluent quality. The best technology depends on the objective of the sewage treatment plant whether it is reducing capital cost, space, or operation cost while ensuring good quality treated water.

1. Technology for Sewage Treatment
by
Amit Kaushik
Sewage Treatment Plant

2. Water Stress
Yesterday : Water Pollution
Today : Water Stress
Tomorrow : Water Scarcity

3. STP – Technology Options
Option 1 : ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS (ASP/ EA)
Option 2 : MOVING BED BIO REACTOR (MBBR) / FIXED
AERATED BIOREACTOR (FAB)
Option 3 : SEQUENTIAL BATCH REACTOR (SBR)
Option 4 : MEMBRANE BIO REACTOR (MBR)
Option 5 : UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET
(UASB) REACTOR
Option 6 : TRICKING FILTER (TF)

4. ASP- Flow Diagram
AERATION TANK
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW
SEWAGE INLET CHAMBER
RAW SEWAGE
PUMPING STATION
AT-SC-CHL

5. ASP - Flow Diagram
AERATION TANK
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW
SEWAGE
PRIMARY CLARIFIER
RAW SEWAGE INLET
CHAMBER
SLUDGE STABILISATION
SLUDGE THICKNER
PC-AT-SC-CHL

6. ASP

7. ASP

8. MBBR - Flow Diagram
AERATION TANK (MBBR)
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET
CHAMBER
MBBR-SC-CHL

9. MBBR

10. FAB - Flow Diagram
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET
CHAMBER
AERATION TANK (FAB)
FAB-SC-CHL

12. SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
TREATED
WATER TO
DIPSOSAL
SBR - 2
INLET
CHAMBER
SLUDGE
SUMP
CHLORINE CONTACT TANK
CENTRIFUGE
(SLUDGE DEWATERING)
RETURN SLUDGE
SURPLUS SLUDGE
BLOWER
CHLORINE
SLUDGE
PUMP
RAW
SEWAGE
DECANTERDIFFUSERS
BLOWER
SBR - 1
SBR - Flow Diagram
SBR-CHL

14. MBR- Flow Diagram
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AERATION TANK
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET
CHAMBER
MBR TANK
MBR-CHL

15. MBR
MBR

16. UASB - Flow Diagram
AERATION TANK / FACULTATIVE LAGOON
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET
CHAMBER
GAS HOLDER
SLUDGE THICKNER
UASB
GAS
ENGINE
ELECTRICITY
UASB-AT-SC-CHL

17. UASB

18. TRICKLING FILTER - Flow Diagram
AERATION TANK
SECONDARY
CLARIFIER
TREATED
WATER
DISINFECTION
CHLORINE
SLUDGE DRYING BEDS FILTRATE TO AT
SCREENING
GRIT REMOVAL
GRIT
RAW
SEWAGE
RAW SEWAGE INLET
CHAMBER
SLUDGE THICKNER
TRICKLING FILTER
TF-AT-SC-CHL

19. Trickling Filter

20. Technology Comparison
Parameter UASB+EA ASP+EA MBBR MBR SBR
BOD, mg/l <30 <30 <20-30 <3-<5 <5
COD, mg/l <250 <250 <250 <100 <100
TSS, mg/l <100 <100 <100 <5 <10
TKN &P, mg/l No
Treatment
No
Treatment
No
Treatment
No
Treatment
<10
<2
Area, sq.ft(Aprox) 1500 1300 700 620 840
Cost, Rs. Lac
(100KLD)
29 24.50 22 32.80 25.50
Power cost,
Rs/m3
1.11 1.71 1.8 3.0 1.14
Chemical Cost 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.50 0.03
Maintenance
cost, Rs./m3
0.22 0.22 0.20 1.1 0.25
Power generation Yes Nil Nil Nil Nil

21. Technology Comparison
0
5
10
15
20
UASB ASP MBBR MBR SBR
Area, Acres
Area, Acres
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Capital Cost, Crs(100MLD)
UASB
ASP
MBBR
MBR
SBR

22. Technology Comparison
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Power, Rs/m3
UASB
ASP
MBBR
MBR
SBR
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
UASB ASP MBBR MBR SBR
Maintenance cost,Rs./m3

23. Technology Comparison
Treated Sewage Parameters

24. Technology Assessment for Sewage Treatment
Criteria
OP ASP MBBR SBR MBR
UASB
+ASP
TF +
ASP
Quality of Treated Effleunt
Nutrient Removal potential
Low Land Requirement potential
Low Capital Cost potential
Low Power Requirement Potential
Electricity generation potential
Low O & M Skills Potential
Low Medium
High
Very
High

25. Domestic WW Treatment
TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
Objective 4
Objective 1
Objective 3
Objective 2
Recycle
Reuse
Reduce
Capital
Cost
Reduce
Space
Reduce
Operation
Cost
UASB
ASP
MBBR
SBR
MBR
MBBR
UASB
SBR
SBR
MBR

26. Technology Options
Indian Scenario
Domestic
Wastewater
Technologies
Treatment &
energy
production
Treatment &
Reuse
UP, Delhi
Maharashtra
Gujarat
AP, Karnataka
Rajasthan,
HR, PB
Treatment

27. Yesterday : Water Pollution
Water Stress
Today : Water Stress
Tomorrow : Water Scarcity
Day After Tomorrow : Water War

28. Thank You !
Do not let the well dry,
to learnthe worthof Water !
Amit Kaushik