The document discusses storm water collection and its components. It begins by defining storm water and its sources, such as roof water and surface water. It then describes various components of storm water collection, including green roofs, bioretention areas, pervious pavements, infiltration trenches, and infiltration basins. Each component is defined and its benefits and limitations are provided. The document concludes that implementing storm water collection components can help address issues of water scarcity by allowing more water to infiltrate into the ground.

1. STORM WATER
COLLECTION
PREPARED BY
HITENDRA PENDAM
AMIT KATRE
GUIDED BY
MR. C. R. SAHU
DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, GONDIA

2. CONTENT
Introduction
Storm water collection
Components of storm water collection
Conclusion
References

3. INTRODUCTION
Stormwater is the water that drains off a land area from rainfall. This includes rain that falls on rooftops,
directed through gutters and downpipes onto land or into drains, as well as rain falling on ground surface
areas such as roads, driveways, footpaths, gardens and lawns. Rainwater refers only to the rain that falls
on the roof, which can be harvested into a storage tank prior to contact with the ground. Rainwater
quality is much higher, since groundwater generally contains many more contaminants including soil,
organic matter, fertilisers from gardens, oil residues from driveways and the like.
Figure 1: Storm-water (source: americanrivers.org)

4. STORM WATER COLLECTION
 Stormwater is collected from a number of sources and you need to be familiar with each one, as
it will influence the way you control the flow of water.
1. Roof water: water collected from the roofs of buildings is called roof water. In urban areas, this is
an important source of stormwater and needs to be managed to ensure the run-off goes where it
should.
1. Surface water: - water that travels over paved or unpaved areas is surface water. In this case, you
will be concerned about the types of surface (Pervious or impervious) and the contour and fall of
the surface.

5. 1. Subsoil water: - Water trapped in water bearing ground is referred to as subsoil water. Subsoil water can
a. Flow from an adjoint property.
b. Be trapped behind a brick wall and its foundations
c. Collect at a low spot.
1. Subsoil drain: -
A subsoil drain is laid underground and allows for the collection and passage of subsoil water to a storm
water drain. This can be used to increase the stability of the land especially around building footings,
reduce surface water for example, under a lawn and reduce subsoil water pressure such as in a building
basement.

6. COMPONENTS OF STORM WATER COLLECTION
 Green Roofs
 Bioretention / Rain Garden
 Pervious Pavements
 Vegetated Swale
 Infiltration Trench
 Infiltration Basin

7. GREEN ROOF
• Green roofs comprise a multi-layered system that covers the roof of a building or structure with
vegetation cover/landscaping. The roof is likely to consist of an impermeable layer, a substratum
or growing medium and a drainage layer. Green roofs are designed to intercept and retain
precipitation, reducing the volume of runoff and attenuating peak flow
Figure 2: Green roof (Source: moorefrmbsg.org)

8.  Benefits: -
 Reduced & Delayed Runoff
 Insulation of buildings
 Lower energy Consumption
 Habitat for birds and insects
 Reduced carbon dioxide levels
 Limitations: -
 Leakage
 Harsh conditions for Vegetation
 Higher cost
 Higher Maintenance

9. BIORETENTION / RAIN GARDEN
• Bioretention areas (also referred to as bioretention cells or rain gardens) use soil, plants and microbes
to treat stormwater before it is infiltrated or discharged. Bioretention areas are shallow depressions
filled with sandy soil, topped with a thick layer of mulch, and planted with dense vegetation.
Figure 3: Bioretention/ Rain garden (source: pinterest.com)

10.  Benefits: -
 Reduce Runoff volume
 Filter Pollutants
 Recharge Groundwater
 Enhance Aesthetics
 Provide Habitat
 Limitations :-
 Regular Inspection
 Rain Garden may Require Watering in dry season
Figure 4: Bioretention area (Source: susdrain.org)

11. PERVIOUS PAVEMENTS
Water that travels over paved or unpaved area is surface water. In this case, you will be concerned
about the types of surface it may be pervious or impervious surface.
Figure 5: Pervious pavements (Source: nacto.org)

12.  Benefits :-
 Good for impervious areas
 Reduces runoff
 Increased infiltration
 Heathier vegetation
 Limitations :-
 Higher construction & maintenance cost
 Depends on Infiltration Rates of Underlying soils
 Less durable
Figure 6: Pervious pavement(source: bigreddog.com)

13. INFILTRATION TRENCH
Infiltration trenches are shallow excavations with rubble or stone that create temporary subsurface
storage of stormwater runoff, thereby enhancing the natural capacity of the ground to store and drain
water.
Figure 7: Infiltration trench (Source: susdrain.org)

14.  Benefits :-
 Ground water Recharging.
 Stormwater Treatment.
 Good for small sites with Porous soils.
 Limitations :-
 Ground Contamination.
 High clogging Potential.
 Significant setback Requirements.
 Geotechnical testing required.
Figure 8: Infiltration trench (Source :help.innovyze.com)

15. INFILTRATION BASIN
Infiltration basins are vegetated depressions designed to store runoff on the surface and infiltrate
it gradually into the ground. They are dry except in periods of heavy rainfall.
Figure 9: Infiltration basin (Source: susdrain.org)

16.  Benefits :-
 100 % Reduction in the Load discharged to Surface water.
 Approximation of pre-development hydrology.
 Channel Erosion control.
 Limitations :-
 Not appropriate for Industrial / spill sites.
 Not suitable on fill-sites or steeps slopes.
Figure 10: Infiltration basin (Source: prj.geosyntec.com)

17. CONCLUSION
• Water scarcity is serious problem throughout the world for both urban and rural community.
• And due to the rapid urbanization, that increase storm water runoff that increase storm water runoff and that
water is not infiltrate or penetrate in a ground so that’s why ground water table level is also decreased.
• This problem can be solved by the providing a stormwater collection component, such as infiltration trench,
pervious pavement, Infiltration basin etc.

18.  www.engineer.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.slideshare.in
REFERENCES