This document provides instructions for making a working model of a step-down transformer, including: 1. The required components are double layer copper wire, silicon-iron sheets, waxed paper, brackets, a spool, and an IN5408 diode. 2. Calculations are described for determining the core area, turns per voltage, primary current, number of primary and secondary turns based on the voltages. 3. An example is given where the primary voltage is 228V, the secondary voltage calculated is 44V, the primary turns are 1200, and secondary turns are 230. 4. The IN5408 diode is used to convert the AC output to DC by placing four diodes in combination.

1. A Working Model Of A Step
Down Transformerrmer
A Working Model Of A Step Down Transformer
By:
Paras Kapoor
EE12B1022
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad

2. Working of An AC/DC Transformer
Requirement of components to make a transformer:
1.Double layer copper magnetic wire.
2.Plates or sheets of silicon-iron.
3.Waxed paper or press board.
4.Brackets and screws.
5.Spool or formwork(plastic).
6. IN5408 diode with 3 amp forward current rating.
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad

3. Calculations Required To Make A Transformer
Calculating the core area of the transformer.
C.A. = side * side of the spool.
Calculating turns per voltage:
TPV = 1000/(4.44*C.A.*flux density*AC frequency).
Standard value of flux density of steel may be taken as
1weber/sq.m .
Primary current = (secondary volt*current)/(primary
volt*efficiency).
Number of turns = TPV*(primary voltage).
Secondary coil number of turns = TPV*1.04*(secondary
voltage).
Also
(primary turns)*(secondary voltage)=(secondary
turns)*(primary voltage).
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad

4. Calculations made by me.
Primary voltage = 228.
C.A.= 5.1*4= 20.4 cm^2.
T.P.V. = 1000/(4.44*50*1*20.4) = 2.2
Primary number of turns =1200 turns.
Secondary number of turns = 230.
Secondary voltage = 44 V.(by calculation).
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad

5. Converting AC to DC
Using diode The IN5408 diode is an ordinary silicon diode. It has a 3 amp
forward current rating, and a 1000 volt peak reverse voltage rating.
Using Four diode in combination.
Machine to make
core windings.
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad

6. Simple Procedure to Make It…
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad