The document discusses the steering system of vehicles. It describes the steering system as the interface between the driver and vehicle that allows the driver to guide the vehicle by controlling the path. It converts rotational motion of the steering wheel into angular turns of the wheels. Factors like steering ratio, geometry, power steering determine the steering effort required and turning radius. Proper alignment of components like caster, camber, toe is important for steering stability and reducing tire wear.
Frame and Body of Automobile
Introduction to chassis, Classification of chassis, Conventional chassis,
Semi forward chassis, Full forward chassis, Engine at the front, Engine at the rear, Engine in mid, Frame of the automobile, Function of Frame, types of frame, conventional frame, semi-integral frame, integral frame, defects in chassis, Body of the automobile, types of the body in automobile,
Explained about what is automatic transmission in automobiles, their types, components used in automatic transmission and their functions in Automobile Industry.
Frame and Body of Automobile
Introduction to chassis, Classification of chassis, Conventional chassis,
Semi forward chassis, Full forward chassis, Engine at the front, Engine at the rear, Engine in mid, Frame of the automobile, Function of Frame, types of frame, conventional frame, semi-integral frame, integral frame, defects in chassis, Body of the automobile, types of the body in automobile,
Explained about what is automatic transmission in automobiles, their types, components used in automatic transmission and their functions in Automobile Industry.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
“Dynamic Balancing of the Vehicle while Cornering” is the concept to avoid Roll-Over of the vehicle and provide comfort to the passengers while cornering by tilting the vehicle opposite to the centrifugal force to cancel it, which leads to shift of C.G point of vehicle and provide comfort to the Passengers.
Control of spring mass damper system using Xcos (Scilab)Vishu Sharma
A very basic modeling and simulation of 2nd order system like spring mass damper in Xcos. PID control algorithm is used to get the desired response of the system.
Shear Force and Bending Moment DiagramsVishu Sharma
Short notes for shear force and bending moment diagrams in Strength Of materials for design calculation
Reference- Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
3. KEY INTERFACE BETWEEN
DRIVER AND VEHICLE
SET OF MECHANISM USED TO
CONTROL THE PATH
FOLLOWED BY VEHICLE
ALLOW DRIVER TO GUIDE
THE VEHICLE
4.
5. CONVERTS ROTARY
MOTION INTO ANGULAR
TURN OF WHEELS
MULTIPLIES EFFORT OF
DRIVER
PROVIDES DIRECTIONAL
STABILITY
6. OPTIMIZE TIRE LIFE BY
PROPER TIRE TO ROAD
CONTACT
HOUSES SAFETY DEVICES
LIKE AIRBAGS
ABSORBS PART OF ROAD
SHOCKS
7.
8.
9. RELATIVE NO. OF TURNS OF
STEERING WHEEL TO MOVEMENT OF
WHEELS
SIZE OF PINION GEAR AND NUMBER
OF TEETH ON GEAR DETERMINES
STEERING RATIO
EFFECTS RESPONSE OF VEHICLE
10. HEAVIER
VEHICLES HAVE
HIGHER STEERING
RATIO
MORE TURNING
OF STEERING
WHEELS
RESULTS IN
LESSER EFFORT
LIGHTER
VEHICLES HAVE
LOWER STEERING
RATIO
LESS NO. OF
TURNS
REQUIRES MORE
EFFORT TO TURN
11. SIZE OF STEERING WHEEL
RELTIVE SIZE OF GEARS IN
STEERING GEAR
SIZE AND SHAPE OF STEERING
LINKAGES
PERCENT OF VEHICLE WEIGHT
PLACED ON FRONT WHEEL
FRONT WHEEL OR REAR WHEEL
DRIVE
14. ANGLE B/W VERTICLE LINE AND
KINGPIN CENTRELINE (FROM S.V.)
FUNCTIONS
SELF CENTRING
ACTION
STRAIGHT LINE
STABILITY
EXCESSIVE CASTER
MAKES STEERING
HEAVIER, LESS
RESPONSIVE AND
INCREASED EFFORT
16. ANGLE B/W VERTICLE LINE AND
KINGPIN CENTRELINE (FROM F.V.)
FUNCTIONS
HELPS IN
STEERING
RETURNABILITY
AFTER A TURN IS
COMPLETED
REDUCES
STEERING EFFORT
REDUCES TIRE
WEAR
17. SYMMETERIC ANGLE B/W
WHEELS AND AXIS OFVEHICLE
FUNCTIONS
TOE IN INCREASES
STRAIGHT LINE
STABILITY AT
COST OF TURNING
RESPONSE
GREATER THE TOE
FASTER THE TIRE
WEARS
19. ANGLE B/W GEOMETRIC CENTRELINE AND
THRUST LINE
FUNCTIONS
OCCURS WHEN REAR
WHEEL HAS
IMPROPER
ALIGNMENT
EFFECTS DIRECTION
OF TRAVEL BY
CAUSING PULL IN THE
DIRECTION AWAY
FROM THRUST LINE
20. The turning circle of a car is the diameter of the circle
described by the outside wheels when turning on full lock.
There is no hard and fast formula to calculate the turning
circle but you can get close by using this
Turning circle radius = (track/2) + (wheelbase/
sin(average steer angle))
21. SYSTEM AUTOMATICALLY STEERS
THE REAR WHEELS ACCORDING TO
SPEED OF VEHICLE AND STEERING
ANGLE.
USED IN MILITARY, OFF ROAD
VEHICLES, BUSES, TRUCKS AND
LARGE VAHICLS
INCREASES HANDLING AND
STABILITY
REDUCES TURNING RADIUS
22.
23. VEHICLE STEERS BY POWER ASSIST
FROM EXTERNAL SOURCE OTHER
THAN DRIVER’S EFFORT
HELPS IN STEERING OF HEAVY
VEHICLES
INCREASES THE STEERING RATIO
AND REDUCES DRIVER’S EFFORT
TWO MAJOR TYPES – HPS AND EPS