Standard Operating Procedures Manual

Standard Operating
Procedures Manual
SCENIC LUXURY CRUISES AND TOURS
HELICOPTER FLIGHT OPERATIONS
FOR THE VESSEL ECLIPSE
DRAFT | JUNE 2018

Copyright © QC Aviation, all rights reserved
QC Aviation
8844 Chaps Avenue
Fort Worth, Texas 76244
USA

SCENIC ECLIPSE HELICOPER SOP MANUAL I
© QC AVIATION
Record of Changes
CHANGE NUMBER DATE OF CHANGE
DATE
ENTERED
BY WHOM ENTERED

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Executive Summary
To be included in the final version of the report.

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Acronyms
AD Airworthiness directive
AGL Above ground level
AML Aircraft Maintenance Log
ATC Air traffic control
ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service
CAVOK Ceiling and Visibility OK
CDI Course Deviation Indicator
Company Scenic Luxury Cruises and Tours
CTAF Common traffic advisory frequency
DH Decision height
ETA Estimated time of arrival
ETD Estimated time of deprture
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FAB Fire alarm box
FAF Final approach fix
FAR Federal Aviation Regulation
FBO Fixed-base operator
FOD Foreign object damage
GPS Global Positioning Satellite System
GPU Ground power unit
GS Glide slope

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Helideck Helicopter deck
HLA Helicopter landing assistant
HLO Helicopter landing officer
IATA International Air Transport Association
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ICS Intercommunications system
IFR Instrument flight rules
kg Kilograms
ILS Instrument landing system
LAA Local airport advisory
LOC Localizer
Manual Scenic Eclipse Helicopter Flight Operations Standard Operating Procedures Manual
MAP Missed approach point
MDA Minimum descent altitude
MEA Minimum en route altitude
MEL Minimum Equipment List
MHz Megahertz
MOCA Minimum obstruction clearance altitude
NM Nautical mile
NOTAM Notices to Airmen
OGE Out-of-ground effect
PF Pilot flying
PIC Pilot in Command
PNF Pilot not flying

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REIL Runway end identifier lights
RFM Rotorcraft flight manual
RPM Revolutions per minute
RVR Runway visual range
SAR Search and rescue
SB Service bulletin
SMS Safety Management System
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
SVFR Special visual flight rule
VASI Visual approach slope indicator
VBROC Best rate of climb speed
VEMD Vehicle and engine multifunction display
VFR Visual flight rule
VHF Very high frequency (30-300 MHz)
VOR VHF omnidirectional range

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Contents
RECORD OF CHANGES .................................................................................................... I
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................. II
ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................... II
APPENDICES ................................................................................................................ XII
1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 13
1.1 General ....................................................................................................................................... 13
1.2 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 13
1.3 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 13
1.4 Organization ............................................................................................................................... 14
1.5 Purpose ....................................................................................................................................... 14
1.6 Scope .......................................................................................................................................... 14
1.7 Decision-Making ......................................................................................................................... 14
1.8 Staffing ....................................................................................................................................... 15
1.9 Document Responsibility ............................................................................................................ 15
1.10 Definitions .................................................................................................................................. 15
2 HELICOPTER SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................. 16
2.1 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 16
2.2 Helicopter SN 8438, N168SE ....................................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 General Specifications .............................................................................................. 16
2.2.2 Aircraft Details .......................................................................................................... 17
2.3 Helicopter SN 8537, N169SE ....................................................................................................... 19
2.3.1 General Specifications .............................................................................................. 19
2.3.2 Aircraft Details .......................................................................................................... 20
3 FLIGHT SAFETY PROCEDURES ................................................................................. 22
3.1 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 22
3.2 Flight Crew Check-In and Post-Flight Times ............................................................................... 23
3.2.1 Check-In Time ........................................................................................................... 23
3.2.2 Post-Flight Time ........................................................................................................ 23
3.3 Flight Planning ............................................................................................................................ 23
3.3.1 Trip Manifests ........................................................................................................... 23

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3.3.2 Destination Heliports ............................................................................................... 23
3.3.3 Responsibility for Flying ........................................................................................... 24
3.4 Required Publications ................................................................................................................. 24
3.4.1 Subscriptions ............................................................................................................ 24
3.4.2 Contractor-Supplied Materials ................................................................................. 24
3.5 Weather ...................................................................................................................................... 25
3.5.1 Weather Limitations ................................................................................................. 25
3.5.2 Severe Weather and Weather Detection Devices .................................................... 26
3.6 Cold-Climate Operations ............................................................................................................ 26
3.6.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................ 26
3.6.2 Radius of Action ....................................................................................................... 27
3.7 Helicopter Performance ............................................................................................................. 27
3.8 High Minimums Captain ............................................................................................................. 27
3.9 Noise Abatement ........................................................................................................................ 27
3.9.1 Special Visual Flight Rules Routes and Noise Abatement Routes ............................ 27
3.10 Flight Following ........................................................................................................................... 27
3.11 Landing Sites – Non-Airport and Heliport ................................................................................... 28
3.11.1 Site Requirements .................................................................................................... 28
3.11.2 Prior to Landing ........................................................................................................ 28
3.11.3 Requirements for Passengers ................................................................................... 28
3.12 Minimum Landing Fuel Reserves ................................................................................................ 28
3.13 Flight Crewmember Trip Pack and Flight Log ............................................................................. 29
3.13.1 Before Trips .............................................................................................................. 29
3.13.2 After Trips ................................................................................................................. 29
3.14 Operating at Uncontrolled Airports ............................................................................................ 29
3.14.1 Notifications ............................................................................................................. 29
3.14.2 Instrument Flight Rules ............................................................................................ 30
3.14.3 Class G Airspace ........................................................................................................ 30
3.14.4 Departures ................................................................................................................ 30
3.15 Pilot Airworthiness Determination ............................................................................................. 30
3.16 Aircraft Pre-flight Check ............................................................................................................. 31
3.17 Use of Minimum Equipment List ................................................................................................ 31
3.17.1 Inoperative Aircraft Systems .................................................................................... 31
3.18 Cold Weather Operations ........................................................................................................... 31
3.18.1 Hangar Requirements .............................................................................................. 31
3.18.2 Outside Requirements .............................................................................................. 31
3.18.3 Removal of Frost, Ice, and Snow .............................................................................. 31
3.18.4 Cold-Weather Flight Requirements .......................................................................... 32
3.19 Repositioning .............................................................................................................................. 32

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3.20 Towing ........................................................................................................................................ 32
3.21 Tiedowns .................................................................................................................................... 32
3.22 Aircraft Refueling Procedures ..................................................................................................... 32
3.22.1 Personnel .................................................................................................................. 33
3.22.2 Fuel Trucks ................................................................................................................ 33
3.22.3 Passengers ................................................................................................................ 33
3.22.4 Preparation for Takeoff ............................................................................................ 33
3.22.5 Inclement Weather .................................................................................................. 33
3.22.6 Other Requirements ................................................................................................. 33
3.22.7 Quality ...................................................................................................................... 34
3.23 Ground Power Units ................................................................................................................... 34
3.24 Emergency Equipment ............................................................................................................... 34
3.24.1 Cabin Emergency Equipment ................................................................................... 34
3.24.2 Survival Equipment Requirements ........................................................................... 34
3.24.3 Use of Floats ............................................................................................................. 34
3.25 Passengers and Baggage ............................................................................................................. 35
3.25.1 Boarding and Deplaning Passengers with Engines Running or Blades Turning ........ 35
3.25.2 Baggage Loading and Storage .................................................................................. 35
3.25.3 Cabin Announcements and Briefings ....................................................................... 35
3.25.4 Portable Electronic Devices ...................................................................................... 36
3.26 Headsets ..................................................................................................................................... 36
3.27 Sterile Cockpit ............................................................................................................................. 36
3.28 Operation of Flight Controls ....................................................................................................... 36
3.29 Standardization Program ............................................................................................................ 37
3.29.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................... 37
3.29.2 Deviation from Procedures ...................................................................................... 37
3.29.3 Authority and Responsibility .................................................................................... 37
4 FLIGHT OPERATING PROCEDURES .......................................................................... 38
4.1 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 38
4.2 Use of Checklists ......................................................................................................................... 38
4.3 Pre-flight Procedures .................................................................................................................. 38
4.3.1 Before Starting Engines Check .................................................................................. 38
4.4 Takeoff Procedures ..................................................................................................................... 39
4.4.1 Takeoff Briefing ........................................................................................................ 39
4.4.2 Before Takeoff Check ............................................................................................... 39
4.5 Before Landing, After Landing, and Shutdown Procedures ........................................................ 39
4.5.1 Before Landing Check ............................................................................................... 39
4.5.2 After Landing Check ................................................................................................. 39

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4.5.3 Shutdown Check ....................................................................................................... 39
4.6 Pilot Post-flight Check ................................................................................................................. 40
4.7 Flight Crew Debriefings .............................................................................................................. 40
4.8 Standardization Flights ............................................................................................................... 40
4.8.1 Assignments ............................................................................................................. 40
4.8.2 Scheduling ................................................................................................................ 40
4.8.3 Results Evaluation .................................................................................................... 40
4.8.4 Resolution of Deficiencies ........................................................................................ 41
4.9 Use of Rotor Brake ...................................................................................................................... 41
5 FACILITY SAFETY PROCEDURES ............................................................................... 42
5.1 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 42
5.2 Responsibility .............................................................................................................................. 42
5.2.1 Helicopter Deck, Refueling Plant, and Competence ................................................. 42
5.2.2 Inspection ................................................................................................................. 42
5.2.3 Supervision ............................................................................................................... 42
5.3 The Helicopter Landing Officer ................................................................................................... 43
5.3.1 Landings ................................................................................................................... 43
5.3.2 Deviations ................................................................................................................. 44
5.4 Manning the Helicopter Deck ..................................................................................................... 44
5.4.1 Foam Cannon ........................................................................................................... 44
5.4.2 Refueling .................................................................................................................. 44
5.4.3 Other Personnel ....................................................................................................... 44
5.5 Audits .......................................................................................................................................... 45
5.6 Training Programs ...................................................................................................................... 45
5.6.1 New Crew Members ................................................................................................. 45
5.6.2 Inactive Trained Personnel ....................................................................................... 45
5.6.3 Physical Fitness ......................................................................................................... 45
5.7 Maintenance Program ................................................................................................................ 45
5.8 Helicopter Deck and Equipment Parts ........................................................................................ 46
5.8.1 Obstacles in the Helicopter Deck Approach and Departure Sectors ........................ 46
5.8.2 Friction ..................................................................................................................... 46
5.8.3 Windsock .................................................................................................................. 46
5.8.4 Identification ............................................................................................................ 47
5.8.5 Operational Equipment ............................................................................................ 47
5.8.6 Rescue Equipment .................................................................................................... 47
5.8.7 Communications Equipment .................................................................................... 48
5.8.8 Signs ......................................................................................................................... 48
5.9 Safety Equipment ....................................................................................................................... 48

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5.9.1 Alarm Systems .......................................................................................................... 48
5.9.2 Firefighting Equipment ............................................................................................. 49
5.9.3 Fire Water Systems .................................................................................................. 49
5.9.4 Foam Systems ........................................................................................................... 50
5.9.5 Dry Powder Systems ................................................................................................. 51
5.9.6 Rescue and Safety Equipment Maintenance ............................................................ 51
5.10 Clothing and Protective Equipment ............................................................................................ 52
5.10.1 Equipment Set Contents ........................................................................................... 52
5.10.2 Location .................................................................................................................... 52
5.10.3 Use of Protective Clothing ........................................................................................ 52
5.11 Operations .................................................................................................................................. 52
5.11.1 Operating on the Helicopter Deck ............................................................................ 53
5.11.2 Cargo in the Helicopter ............................................................................................ 53
5.11.3 Communications ...................................................................................................... 53
5.12 Special Procedures and Operations ............................................................................................ 55
5.12.1 Emergency Situations ............................................................................................... 55
5.12.2 Basic Principles ......................................................................................................... 55
5.12.3 Fire in the Helicopter or on the Helicopter Deck ...................................................... 56
5.12.4 Helicopter Crash on the Helicopter Deck ................................................................. 57
5.12.5 Helicopter Crash into the Sea ................................................................................... 58
5.12.6 Emergency Landing with Prior Notification .............................................................. 58
5.12.7 “Safedeck” Helicopter Deck ..................................................................................... 59
5.12.8 Embarking and Disembarking from the Helicopter in Strong Wind ......................... 59
5.12.9 Refueling in Strong Wind .......................................................................................... 59
6 VESSEL-SPECIFIC PROCEDURES ............................................................................... 60
6.1 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 60
6.2 Preamble .................................................................................................................................... 60
6.3 Pre-flight Precautions ................................................................................................................. 60
6.4 Fire Brigade ................................................................................................................................. 61
6.5 Communication .......................................................................................................................... 61
6.6 Operations .................................................................................................................................. 61
6.6.1 Full Stop .................................................................................................................... 61
6.6.2 Hot Loading .............................................................................................................. 62
6.7 Stowing at Sea ............................................................................................................................ 62
6.8 Retrieval in Case of Ditching ....................................................................................................... 62
6.9 Refueling Operations .................................................................................................................. 62
6.10 Transit Procedures ...................................................................................................................... 63
7 ANTARCTICA OPERATIONS ..................................................................................... 64

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7.1 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 64
7.2 General Conditions of Flight ....................................................................................................... 64
7.3 Landing and Shore Operations ................................................................................................... 64
7.3.1 Passengers ................................................................................................................ 65
7.3.2 Health and Safety ..................................................................................................... 65
7.4 Environmental Considerations ................................................................................................... 66
7.4.1 Flight Paths and Landing Operations ........................................................................ 66
7.4.2 Leaving and Taking of Material ................................................................................ 66
7.5 Operational and Safety Issues .................................................................................................... 67
7.5.1 Landings ................................................................................................................... 67
7.6 Weather Forecasts ...................................................................................................................... 67
7.6.1 Reduced Visibility and Whiteouts ............................................................................ 67
7.6.2 Drift Snow ................................................................................................................. 68
7.7 Ice Reconnaissance Flights ......................................................................................................... 68
7.7.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................ 68
7.7.2 Procedures ............................................................................................................... 69
7.8 Landing on Sea Ice ...................................................................................................................... 69
7.9 Emergencies ............................................................................................................................... 70
7.9.1 Recovery of Persons from Downed Helicopter ........................................................ 70
7.10 Aircraft Safety ............................................................................................................................. 71
7.11 Crew Requirements .................................................................................................................... 71
7.12 Certificate of Competency .......................................................................................................... 72
8 PILOT CODE OF CONDUCT ...................................................................................... 73
8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 73
8.2 In This Section ............................................................................................................................. 73
8.3 General Responsibilities ............................................................................................................. 73
8.3.1 Best Practices ........................................................................................................... 74
8.3.2 The I’M SAFE Checklist ............................................................................................. 75
8.4 Passengers and People on the Surface ....................................................................................... 76
8.4.1 Best Practices ........................................................................................................... 76
8.5 Training and Proficiency ............................................................................................................. 76
8.5.1 Training Requirements ............................................................................................. 77
8.6 Security ....................................................................................................................................... 77
8.7 Environmental Issues .................................................................................................................. 77
8.7.1 Best Practices ........................................................................................................... 78
Figures

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Appendices

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1 Introduction
1.1 General
The safe and efficient operation of helicopters requires a high degree of skill, training, and coordination. A
thorough understanding of procedures and policies involved is required to safely and effectively perform
personnel duties and avoid mishaps.
Safety is the primary objective. All Scenic Luxury Cruises and Tours (Company) rotary wing aircraft
operations from the Scenic vessel the Eclipse will be conducted in accordance with applicable Federal
Aviation Regulations (FARs), local and national laws, manufacturers’ aircraft manuals and limitations, and
this Scenic Eclipse Helicopter Flight Operations Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) Manual (Manual). At
all times, aircraft will be operated in an airworthy condition and facilities maintained according to this
Manual. All aviation and ground personnel must utilize conservative, sound judgment while planning and
executing their duties.
This Manual is a living document. It should be updated periodically to reflect changes in best practices and
operational requirements.
1.2 In This Section
This section discusses the following topics:
1.3 Overview
1.4 Organization
1.5 Purpose
1.6 Scope
1.7 Decision-Making
1.8 Document Responsibility
1.9 Definitions
1.3 Overview
This Manual provides the primary source of information policies, procedures, and guidelines for personnel
flying rotary wing aircraft (pilots and crew members) and working on helicopter decks (helideck
crew). The manual is the primary document to which all personnel shall refer unless, in the interest of
safety, a situation merits an exemption.

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1.4 Organization
The Manual is organized as follows:
Chapter 1 – 6 describe common procedures and guidelines based on requirements from the authorities
and accepted industrial standards. Chapter 7 covers specific requirements relating to the vessel.
1.5 Purpose
This Manual is intended to contribute to the safe conduct of helicopter operations on the Scenic Eclipse by
ensuring uniform standards and behavior. The following procedures are to be utilized in all routine rotor-
wing flight operations conducted by the Company.
The purpose of the manual is to describe the areas of responsibility on the helideck, requirements to the
helideck crew and their equipment, communication and to determine how activities and tasks are
managed and conducted so that operations on the helideck are executed in a safe and proper manner.
1.6 Scope
This Manual is intended to be the primary source of information, but it is not possible for this Manual to
be the only source of information. Personnel should refer to other sources of information where deemed
relevant and necessary.
1.7 Decision-Making
The Pilot in Command (PIC) has overall responsibility for control of flight operations. The pilot flying (PF)
must communicate any deviation from these SOPs as dictated by conditions, or circumstances to the Chief
Pilot. Additionally, all flight crew members must be made to understand any deviation.
The captain of a vessel with operational helicopters is faced with making decisions involving risks to
passengers, personnel, and equipment, without the benefit of personal aviation experience. For this
reason, the captain shall seek the counsel of the PIC and considered this counsel for decisions related to
helicopter operations.
Any helicopter operation shall include an assessment of aircrew survivability. This assessment shall be
based on the possibility that the pilots and passengers might be forced into a survival situation during any
phase of a flight. Planning shall consider whether the pilots and passengers could be recovered within the
survival time for the worst anticipated condition.

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1.8 Staffing
The number of people engaged in a helicopter operation should be kept to the minimum needed to safely
conduct the operation, consistent with the specific requirements of this Manual.
1.9 Document Responsibility
The Director of Helicopter Operations is responsible for either updating the Manual, or revoking it should
organizational or operational conditions so require.
1.10 Definitions
TO BE COMPLETED LATER

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2 Helicopter Specifications
2.1 In This Section
2.2 Helicopter SN 8438, N168SE
2.2.1 General Specifications
Manufacturer: Airbus
Model: H130T2
Manufacturer’s Serial Number: 8438
Registration Mark: N168SE
Number of Engines: 1
Engine Make and Model: Turboméca ARRIEL 2D
Certification: EASA Form 52 with Certificate of Conformity to FAA Type Certificate
Data Sheet H9EH

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2.2.2 Aircraft Details
Baseline Helicopter
00-10010-05-CI H130 Baseline Aircraft Definition 130 T2 17.100.01 E
08-00025-04-CI VFR Day and Night Package, Included in Baseline Aircraft Definition
Emergency Locator Transmitter: Kannad INTEGRA 406 AP-H
Navigational Antenna, Very High Frequency (VHF)/VHF
Omnidirectional Range (VOR)/Localizer (LOC)/Glide Slope (GS):
Garmin GNC 255A
Intercommunications System (ICS): Garmin GMA 35
Transponder (Mode S): Garmin GTX 33H
VHF/VOR/LOC/GS/Global Positioning Satellite System (GPS):
Garmin GTN 750H
Avionic Display System: Garmin G500H
General Equipment
05-23005-00-CI Engine flushing device without removal of cowlings
05-31025-00-CI Tinted windows for front windscreens
05-31033-00-CI Sun protected upper windows
05-37015-00-CI Dual controls
05-42025-03-CI Enhanced air conditioning system
08-83017-00-CI Vehicle and engine multifunction display (VEMD) downloadable kit

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Mission Equipment
06-61006-00-FP Emergency floatation gear - fixed parts
06-61006-00-RP Emergency floatation gear - removable parts
Other Specifications
Helicopter Fuel Type: Jet A1
Helicopter Fuel Capacity: 540 Liters
Helicopter to Eclipse
Communications:
Via VHF Radio Frequency Range 118.00-136.975 MHz, FM Radio
Frequency Range 138.00-173.995 MHz and Iridium-Based Satellite
Phone/Text Messages

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2.3.1 General Specifications
Manufacturer: Airbus
Model: H130T2
Manufacturer’s Serial Number: 8537
Registration Mark: N169SE
Number of Engines: 1
Engine Make and Model: Turboméca ARRIEL 2D
Certification: EASA Form 52 with Certificate of Conformity to FAA Type Certificate
Data Sheet H9EH

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2.3.2 Aircraft Details
Baseline Helicopter
00-10010-05-CI H130 Baseline Aircraft Definition 130 T2 17.100.01 E
08-00025-04-CI VFR Day and Night Package, Included in Baseline Aircraft Definition
Emergency Locator Transmitter: Kannad INTEGRA 406 AP-H
Navigational Antenna, VHF/VOR/ LOC/ GS: Garmin GNC 255A
ICS: Garmin GMA 35
Transponder (Mode S): Garmin GTX 33H
VHF/VOR/LOC/GS/GPS: Garmin GTN 750H
Avionic Display System: Garmin G500H
General Equipment
05-23005-00-CI Engine flushing device without removal of cowlings
05-31025-00-CI Tinted windows for front windscreens
05-31033-00-CI Sun protected upper windows
05-37015-00-CI Dual controls
05-42025-03-CI Enhanced air conditioning system
08-83017-00-CI Vehicle and engine multifunction display (VEMD) downloadable kit

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Mission Equipment
06-26026-00-CI-STC Dual external cargo sling mirrors
06-27048-00-RP Cargo sling (1,500 kg) - removable parts
06-27048-00-FP Cargo sling (1,500 kg) - fixed parts
06-61006-00-FP Emergency floatation gear - fixed parts
06-61006-00-RP Emergency floatation gear - removable parts
Other Specifications
Helicopter Fuel Type: Jet A1
Helicopter Fuel Capacity: 540 Liters
Helicopter to Eclipse
Communications:
Via VHF Radio Frequency Range 118.00-136.975 MHz, FM Radio
Frequency Range 138.00-173.995 MHz and Iridium-Based Satellite
Phone/Text Messages

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3 Flight Safety Procedures
This section establishes criteria essential to the safety of flight operations conducted from the Scenic
Eclipse.
3.1 In This Section
3.2 Flight Crew Check-In and Post-Flight Times
3.3 Flight Planning
3.4 Required Publications
3.5 Weather
3.6 Cold-Climate Operations
3.7 Helicopter Performance
3.8 High Minimums Captain
3.9 Noise Abatement
3.10 Flight Following
3.11 Landing Sites – Non-Airport and Heliport
3.12 Minimum Landing Fuel Reserves
3.13 Flight Crewmember Trip Pack and Flight Log
3.14 Operating at Uncontrolled Airports
3.15 Pilot Airworthiness Determination
3.16 Aircraft Pre-flight Check
3.17 Use of Minimum Equipment List
3.18 Cold Weather Operations
3.19 Repositioning
3.20 Towing
3.21 Tiedowns
3.22 Aircraft Refueling Procedures
3.23 Ground Power Units
3.24 Emergency Equipment
3.25 Passengers and Baggage
3.26 Headsets
3.27 Sterile Cockpit
3.28 Operation of Flight Controls
3.29 Standardization Program

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3.2 Flight Crew Check-In and Post-Flight Times
3.2.1 Check-In Time
Members of the flight crew shall check in for flights no less than one hour and 15 minutes (1:15) prior to
the scheduled departure time. The PIC may designate an earlier check-in time should they determine
conditions warrant additional preparation time prior to departure.
3.2.2 Post-Flight Time
The post-flight period is assumed to be thirty (30) minutes.
3.3 Flight Planning
The PIC is responsible for flight planning and related information (e.g., catering, ground transportation,
servicing requirements, reservations). The PIC may assign this duty to the other pilot, but the PIC retains
responsibility. The pilot performing the flight planning shall make the maximum use of available
information and specialized equipment (e.g., computer flight planning, commercial weather services).
3.3.1 Trip Manifests
Both pilots will thoroughly review the trip manifest prepared by Flight Dispatch. Discrepancies or
questions should be reviewed with the dispatcher. To properly plan fuel, the number of passengers on
each leg must be confirmed. All ground transportation needs must be understood and coordinated with
the ship’s personnel, where appropriate.
3.3.2 Destination Heliports
Flight-following personnel will make every possible effort to determine heliport conditions before the
flight and relay this information to the crew, as heliports are not normally included in Notices to Airmen
(NOTAM) reports issued by local flight service facilities. At certain times, the PIC will be required to
ascertain the heliport conditions (e.g., holidays, weekends, change of destinations, winter snows,
dignitary or politician closures, delays).
It is ultimately the PIC’s responsibility to ascertain heliport conditions and to confirm them at least 30
minutes prior to arrival via a call to the destination heliport or controlling authority for the latest
advisories. The PIC will be provided a contact number prior to the proposed flight departure. If a phone
call is not feasible, the PIC should make radio contact as early as possible into the flight to allow a change
of destination if conditions warrant.

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The Dispatcher will always arrange landing authority at privately operated heliports.
3.3.3 Responsibility for Flying
The senior pilot will fly the first leg as PIC (Captain). Subsequent legs shall be alternated by mutual
agreement between the pilots and in accordance with operational qualifications.
3.4 Required Publications
Each Company aircraft must carry on board during all flight operations:
§ Approved Rotorcraft Flight Manual
§ Airworthiness Certificate
§ Certificate of Registration
§ Copy of Insurance Coverage Documentation
§ Weight and Balance Lists
§ The Minimum Equipment List (MEL)
§ A current set of aeronautical charts
Each base of operation will maintain a current copy of Dangerous Goods Regulations, the International Air
Transport Association’s (IATA) hazardous material manual.
3.4.1 Subscriptions
§ The Department maintains subscriptions to FAA and Jeppesen for each aircraft and base and,
where applicable, a revision service. The subscription shall include:
§ FAA-approved rotorcraft flight manual (RFM);
§ Any applicable supplements and operating handbooks for each aircraft and for installed optional
equipment; and
§ Color, shaded terrain charts, and pictorial approach charts, where available.
Additional or supplemental publications may be obtained as needed. The Chief Pilot must approve all
subscriptions and major purchases of publications.
3.4.2 Contractor-Supplied Materials
Contract aircraft suppliers shall provide, for the aircraft being supplied, all required:
§ Documents;

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§ Manuals;
§ Approach and navigation charts and maps;
§ Certificates;
§ Licenses;
§ Logs; and
§ Other written information.
All contractor-supplied material must be complete and current.
3.5 Weather
Prior to each flight, the PIC will obtain aviation weather reports and forecasts. The PIC shall analyze the
following data to determine the effect on the proposed operations:
§ Latest NOTAM for the point of departure, flight route, the destination, and the alternate
destination.
§ Surface weather observations for pertinent stations.
§ Forecasts for all pertinent routes and stations.
§ Reports or forecasts of severe weather, turbulence, or icing that could affect the proposed flight.
§ Any known air traffic delays.
Pilots will check weather forecasts sufficiently in advance of a proposed flight and notify Flight Dispatch of
any conditions that may affect passenger schedules. Pilots should check weather forecasts the night
before any early morning departure. The PIC retains full responsibility for these duties, but may delegate
some or all of them.
3.5.1 Weather Limitations
Existing and forecast weather may be a limiting factor in helicopter operations. Wind, coverage and
thickness of cloud layers, visibility, temperature, sea state, precipitation, and distance to a suitable
alternate landing site shall be considered in determining if a flight will proceed. The following operational
limitation provisions are intended to simplify critical area decision-making.
Careful planning and in-flight evaluation should preclude pilots flying into adverse weather conditions, but
in the event pilots encounter adverse weather conditions that had not been forecast, they shall take
immediate action to avoid further exposure.

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Day Operations
No pilot may operate under visual flight rules (VFR) for day operations with less than one statute mile of
visibility or a ceiling of less than five hundred (500) feet.
Night Operations
Operations will not be conducted at night.
Controlled Airspace
The floor of controlled airspace must be carefully noted along all routes to be flown. A Special VFR (SVFR)
clearance issued under FAR 91.157 must be obtained in the event controlled airspace is to be entered
with less than the weather minimums prescribed for that airspace under FAR 91.155.
Freezing and Icing
No flight will be dispatched into forecast or reported freezing precipitation. Pilots may not continue flight
in icing conditions.
Wind
No landings will be allowed when wind gusts greater than 35 knots are reported, unless the PIC
determines a safe landing can be made while taking into consideration wind direction, condition of the
helideck, etc.
3.5.2 Severe Weather and Weather Detection Devices
To the maximum extent possible, pilots shall avoid flights into areas of known or forecast severe weather
(e.g., thunderstorms, turbulence). When flight is necessary into areas of reported severe weather, visual
means, airborne radar, and air traffic control assistance (when available) shall be used to facilitate
avoidance.
3.6 Cold-Climate Operations
3.6.1 Definitions
Operational Limit is the range of the aircraft as limited by fuel, precise navigation capability, two-way
communications, and weather.

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3.6.2 Radius of Action
Single helicopter operations to remote areas inaccessible to the ship, where the ship is the only search
and rescue (SAR) resource available are prohibited.
Two aircraft may conduct unrestricted operations within a radius of action equal to their operational limit.
3.7 Helicopter Performance
Clear approach and departure paths, consistent with aircraft performance shall be utilized.
3.8 High Minimums Captain
Any new captain who has not yet completed one hundred (100) flight hours as PIC in the EC130T2, or has
not yet completed fifty (50) flight hours as PIC in another type of Company aircraft, will be subject to the
following restrictions:
§ Minimum takeoff visibility of at least three (3) miles.
§ Whenever it appears that the known or forecast weather conditions are insufficient for the
planned flight, the high-minimums PIC must notify Flight Dispatch as soon as possible.
3.9 Noise Abatement
Pilots will adhere to published noise abatement procedures and voluntary curfews, except in the case
when the safety of flight is involved.
3.9.1 Special Visual Flight Rules Routes and Noise Abatement
Routes
Helicopter flights shall utilize SVFR routes when available. These helicopter routes shall be flown
whenever possible. The highest acceptable altitude shall be flown on the prescribed routes to reduce the
impact to noise sensitive areas.
3.10 Flight Following
Whenever possible, crews will maintain flight following and radar advisories with air traffic control (ATC)
facilities during VFR flights. This kind of positive communication enhances safety and is important should
unforeseen circumstances arise.

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3.11 Landing Sites – Non-Airport and Heliport
An optimum location for an Off-Airport/Heliport landing site is one that is in close proximity to the
location of the passengers. Company helicopter pilots will use their best judgment when considering a
potential landing site. Some factors that must be reviewed include, but are not limited to, the following:
§ Obstruction clearance.
§ Ground slope.
§ Noise sensitive communities around the operating area.
§ Foreign object damage (FOD) hazards.
3.11.1 Site Requirements
A suitable landing site will measure a minimum of seventy-five (75) by seventy-five (75) feet. It may be
located on the ground, a marine vessel, an elevated platform, or the roof of a building or parking garage.
A suitable landing area will provide a visual means to determine wind direction (e.g., wind sock, weather
vane, smoke stack, flags). Paving is not required in the landing area, but it may not have loose objects that
could be blown up into the rotor system or engine intakes. The landing surface must be dry, firm, level
and able to support the weight of the aircraft and should have at least one clear approach and departure
path.
3.11.2 Prior to Landing
Prior to landing at an Off-Airport site, Flight Dispatch or the helicopter pilots will confirm with the local
authorities that the helicopter landings are authorized at the proposed landing location. A high and low
reconnaissance of the site will be performed prior to committing to a landing.
3.11.3 Requirements for Passengers
Passenger protection must be provided at all times the helicopter is operated on the ground. Passengers
must never approach or depart the helicopter unless escorted by a crewmember or ground personnel
trained in helicopter safety procedures. The PIC is responsible for determining that these requirements
are satisfied.
3.12 Minimum Landing Fuel Reserves
The minimum reserve fuel planned to be on board the Company helicopter at the time of landing is a 20-
minute reserve. The minimum fuel reserve is designed as an absolute minimum and should not be used as
a landing fuel target. If a landing is made with less than the specified quantity of fuel on board, the

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Company-assigned PIC shall submit a written report explaining the use of the reserve specified to the
Chief Pilot within five (5) working days.
3.13 Flight Crewmember Trip Pack and Flight Log
3.13.1 Before Trips
Flight Dispatch will issue a Trip Manifest for each crewmember assigned to a Company-scheduled trip.
Crew members are responsible for verifying the accuracy of the Passenger Manifest (i.e. all passengers
accounted for) and destination with the lead passenger prior to departure. Additionally, crew members
must notify Flight Dispatch prior to departure in the case any changes are made to an itinerary while
conducting a trip.
3.13.2 After Trips
After completion of a trip, the Company-assigned PIC shall complete the passenger manifest(s) and flight
log(s) entries and submit them to Flight Dispatch. Incorrect or obsolete leg data information found by the
flight crew should be corrected and the new information provided to Flight Dispatch.
3.14 Operating at Uncontrolled Airports
The following are recommended operating procedures for operating on or in the vicinity of an
uncontrolled airport.
3.14.1 Notifications
When approximately fifteen (15) miles out, pilots should ask ATC if there is any conflicting traffic and
monitor the ATC frequency for traffic alerts.
Approximately ten miles out, pilots shall broadcast, in the blind if necessary, position and intentions on
the Common traffic advisory frequency (CTAF) or local airport advisory (LAA).
Calls recommended on CTAF or LAA are:
§ Ten miles out.
§ Entering downwind.
§ Base.
§ Final.
§ Exiting the runway.

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3.14.2 Instrument Flight Rules
Operations under instrument flight rules (IFR) are prohibited.
3.14.3 Class G Airspace
When operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in class G airspace, the FAA requires that each pilot of a
helicopter avoid the flow of fixed-wing aircraft. It is the responsibility of the PIC to ensure that the landing
area is clear. If conditions permit, an approach overhead the airport helps to verify that the runway or
landing area is clear, the wind direction, the runway in use, and increases the probability of visual
acquisition by other aircraft.
3.14.4 Departures
When departing from an uncontrolled airport, broadcast departure intentions before taxiing and before
taking the runway. Pilots should comply with the departure procedures for the airport including noise
abatement procedures. Recommended procedures are as follows:
§ Make frequent radio calls. Request any traffic in the vicinity of the airport to self identify so you
are aware of each other’s presence.
§ Turn on all exterior lights for greater visibility.
§ BE ALERT.
§ Prior to departing on the trip, inquire about runway conditions, weather, NOTAM, runway
lighting, obstacles, or any possible hazards.
§ Review charts prior to flight and note minimum altitudes for terrain clearance.
3.15 Pilot Airworthiness Determination
The final responsibility for determining airworthiness of the aircraft rests with the PIC (FAR 91.7). In
addition to completing a pre-flight check, the PIC shall thoroughly review the maintenance run sheet and
confirm that the aircraft is in an airworthy condition. These responsibilities include, but are not limited, to
ensuring the following:
§ Compliance with all applicable airworthiness directives (ADs) and mandatory service bulletins
(SBs).
§ The planned flight or series of flights will not exceed the time remaining for the time/date
maintenance requirements as shown on the “Item Due” sticker.
§ All inspection due dates, hour, or cycle limits have been carried forward and are not past due.
§ All maintenance discrepancies have been corrected or deferred in accordance with the MEL. All
maintenance record entries shall be completed and signed by a certified technician approving the
aircraft for return to service.

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§ The deferred items do not render the aircraft unsuitable for the planned flight or series of flights.
§ That all required equipment and documents are on board.
3.16 Aircraft Pre-flight Check
Pre-flight checks are to be accomplished by a pilot in accordance with the Rotorcraft Flight Manual.
3.17 Use of Minimum Equipment List
The FAA requires that all systems, components and equipment be in operating condition prior to aircraft
dispatch unless allowed to be inoperative by an FAA-approved MEL. An FAA-approved copy of the MEL
shall be carried on board each Company aircraft.
3.17.1 Inoperative Aircraft Systems
If an aircraft system becomes inoperative away from the home maintenance base, the pilot will enter the
discrepancy in the aircraft maintenance log (AML). If the MEL allows, a number, “per MEL”, may defer an
inoperative item. Any maintenance or operational action, installation of placards or mechanical stops, etc.
the MEL requires must be completed prior to the next flight.
3.18 Cold Weather Operations
3.18.1 Hangar Requirements
Department aircraft should be hangared when freezing precipitation or snow is anticipated.
3.18.2 Outside Requirements
Aircraft parked outside should be headed into the wind, when possible, to minimize the accumulation of
frozen precipitation in the openings around flight control surfaces. Covers and plugs must be installed to
protect the engine inlets from accumulation while the aircraft is parked.
3.18.3 Removal of Frost, Ice, and Snow
If the aircraft is exposed to accumulations of frost, ice or snow, the contamination will be removed in
accordance with the aircraft manufacturer’s recommended procedures and industry-standard methods

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prior to flight. The aircraft should be pre-heated, when possible, prior to attempting to activate any of the
aircraft systems.
3.18.4 Cold-Weather Flight Requirements
Restrictions
Flight must not be attempted into known or forecast icing conditions.
No pilot shall attempt a takeoff if the aircraft has frost, snow, or ice adhering to any windshield, power
plant installation, flight or rate instrument system, wings, rotors, control surfaces, or other areas that
could affect flight characteristics or performance.
De-icing
Any aircraft that has frost, snow, or ice accumulations must be de-iced prior to flight in accordance with
the manufacturer’s recommended procedures, using industry-standard procedures and materials.
3.19 Repositioning
Helicopters shall not be ground taxied on the flight deck. Repositioning a helicopter under power shall
only be accomplished by hover taxi.
3.20 Towing
All towing operations will be performed in accordance with the methods and limitations described in the
appropriate sections of the RFM and maintenance manual. Helicopters shall never be towed or pushed
while rotors are engaged or while the ship is turning.
3.21 Tiedowns
When sea conditions on the helideck require it, the aircraft must have the tiedowns attached. Tiedowns
must also be used at all times while the aircraft are stowed in the hangar underway.
3.22 Aircraft Refueling Procedures
The following aircraft refueling procedures must be followed.

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3.22.1 Personnel
The PIC is responsible for ensuring that fuel is of the proper grade and sumped for quality, and that the
desired amount is placed into the aircraft fuel tank. The PIC may delegate the fueling of the aircraft but
retains the responsibility.
The PIC or mechanic will supervise the refueling and ensure that the appropriate safety measures are
taken before fueling commences. The supervising crewmember will physically check the fuel caps for
security at the completion of fueling and will ensure that all bonding cables are disconnected from the
aircraft. The crewmember should verify that the refueling equipment is labeled with the name of the
product ordered (e.g., Jet A, Jet A-1, JP-4), and that there is no equipment positioned under any part of
the aircraft that could settle during refueling.
The personnel used for hot fueling must have prior experience fueling helicopters with engines running
and blades turning. A suitable fire extinguisher must be readily available during all fueling operations and
a pilot must remain at the controls with the engines at flight idle.
3.22.2 Fuel Trucks
Fuel trucks should be parked so that the truck could be moved away from the aircraft in case of a
malfunction or emergency. The fuel truck will be bonded to the aircraft structure at the recommended
bonding point and the nozzle ground wire attached prior to commencing fueling.
3.22.3 Passengers
No fueling will be performed with passengers onboard the aircraft.
3.22.4 Preparation for Takeoff
The bonding cables and fuel hose must be clear of the aircraft before takeoff.
3.22.5 Inclement Weather
No fueling will be allowed if a thunderstorm is in the immediate vicinity of the fueling facility.
3.22.6 Other Requirements
All strobe lights will be turned off and no radio transmissions shall be made during fueling.

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3.22.7 Quality
If there is any question as to the quality of the fuel or fueling equipment being used, the flight
crewmember will request that a sample be taken from the final fuel filter of the refueler or from the
delivery nozzle being used to refuel the aircraft prior to accepting fuel into the aircraft. Fuel samples
should have a clear and bright appearance and have no evidence of free or suspended (cloudy or hazy)
water and have no visible particulate matter (e.g., dirt, rust). Fuel that is not clear, clean and free from
water should not be accepted.
3.23 Ground Power Units
When a ground power unit (GPU) is supplying power to aircraft systems, one person qualified to operate
the GPU must remain in attendance in the immediate vicinity of the aircraft. The immediate vicinity of the
aircraft is defined as sufficiently close in proximity to enable the person to take immediate corrective
action in the event of an emergency involving the aircraft or the power unit.
3.24 Emergency Equipment
3.24.1 Cabin Emergency Equipment
Emergency equipment meeting the requirements of FAR 91.513 and passenger briefing cards are carried
on Company aircraft. Each crewmember shall be familiar with the location, condition, inspection status
(per attached inspection tag or label), and operation of the emergency equipment carried on board the
aircraft.
3.24.2 Survival Equipment Requirements
No flight will be conducted over water that is more than thirty (30) minutes’ flying time, or one hundred
(100) nm from the nearest shoreline, unless the equipment specified in FAR 91.509 is carried on board the
aircraft.
The PIC will ensure that the proper amount and type of equipment is on board prior to departure and that
each crewmember is aware of the operation and location of all survival equipment.
3.24.3 Use of Floats
Helicopters used for over-water flight operations, including departures and approaches, shall be equipped
with emergency aircraft flotation devices. These devices must be functional and armed during over-water
departures and approaches.

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The aircraft must be equipped with a personal flotation device (life jacket) for each person on board the
aircraft.
3.25 Passengers and Baggage
3.25.1 Boarding and Deplaning Passengers with Engines Running
or Blades Turning
The pilot must be alert to personnel and equipment in the vicinity of the aircraft.
Passengers shall always be escorted by a crewmember when boarding or deplaning the helicopter.
Coordination with fixed-wing aircraft will be made when boarding passengers and luggage from fixed-
wing aircraft or deplaning to Department fixed-wing aircraft. A helicopter crewmember must meet a
fixed-wing crewmember to accept baggage and safely escort passengers to the aircraft.
Due to the low-tip path of the main rotor blades, passengers should never be allowed to approach, or
depart, the aircraft from the rear. Passengers should never be allowed to move toward the tail rotor
beyond the baggage compartment area. All passenger movement should be from the same side of the
helicopter and a crewmember must supervise the movements.
A crewmember will load and unload the passenger baggage and will ensure that the passengers are
seated and the seat belts are fastened. Each passenger will be shown the location of a briefing card. The
crewmember will ensure that all doors are properly secured before returning to the cockpit.
Caution: Umbrellas must not be opened near or under the helicopter rotor disc. Winds and rotor wash
can unexpectedly pull an umbrella into the rotor disc.
3.25.2 Baggage Loading and Storage
Baggage will be placed in designated compartments. Baggage loading will be shared between flight crews
and ground personnel.
3.25.3 Cabin Announcements and Briefings
Pilots are to keep passengers informed of delays and other important information pertinent to the flight
before each takeoff. The PIC shall ensure that all passengers are briefed as required under FAR Part 91,
which includes the following:
§ Use and operation of seat belts and shoulder harnesses.
§ The location and operation of emergency exits.
§ The location and operation of survival equipment.

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§ Use of the Smokeshield respirator devices.
§ Smoking.
§ Stowage of loose articles and hand baggage.
§ Use of portable electronic devices.
Recorded briefings may be used and supplemented by printed briefing cards. These cards must be carried
in a location that is visible and convenient and must contain aircraft specific information.
Prior to flights requiring flotation equipment, pilots shall ensure that all passengers have been briefed on
its use.
3.25.4 Portable Electronic Devices
No person shall operate a personal radio transmitter, television receiver, cellular phone, or any other
electronic device known to emit electromagnetic or radio frequency emissions that could interfere with
the aircraft navigation systems during flight.
3.26 Headsets
Each flight crewmember is supplied with a headset. All cockpit crew members shall use headsets any time
the aircraft is running at flight idle on the surface or is airborne.
3.27 Sterile Cockpit
Anytime the aircraft is in motion on the surface or airborne, while operating in congested, busy airspace,
crew members will eliminate all extraneous cockpit conversation that does not apply directly to the
operation of the aircraft.
The sterile cockpit environment will also be maintained during peak workload flight periods (i.e.,
approaches and departures).
3.28 Operation of Flight Controls
Only Department employees designated as pilots, contract pilots, contract flight training pilots, FAA Pilot
Examiner or Designated Pilot Examiner, a qualified manufacturer’s test pilot, or a Company designated
instructor pilot may manipulate the flight controls of any Company aircraft.

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3.29 Standardization Program
The Company Standardization Program encompasses the use of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
and Standardization Flights to ensure effective crew coordination. Crew coordination is the effective
delegation of responsibility and division of workload among the flight crew members. Crew coordination
is essential in the safe operation of Company aircraft.
3.29.1 Purpose
The use of SOPs, checklists, and terminology creates a standardized system whereby the pilots become
immediately aware of any departure from the normal sequence of events or normal system operations.
The use of these SOPs will place the flight crew in the best position to recognize potential problems and
respond to emergency and abnormal situations in the proper manner.
3.29.2 Deviation from Procedures
Flight crews are not authorized to deviate from Company procedures unless the deviation is in the best
interest of safety. All such deviations shall be reported to the Chief Pilot within twenty-four (24) hours of
the occurrence. A constant evaluation process ensures that these procedures are effective and suitable
for Department flight operations.
3.29.3 Authority and Responsibility
The PIC retains the final authority for the conduct of the flight. The PIC’s primary responsibility is to fly the
aircraft or command the operation of the flight controls, flight instruments, and the autopilot.
The PNF performs all other cockpit duties, including the following:
§ In normal flight: Navigates, communicates, programs communication and navigation equipment,
monitors the flight and engine instruments, and completes required paperwork and other tasks,
as directed by the Chief Pilot.
§ During emergencies or abnormal system operations: Checks instrument indications, reads and
accomplishes checklists, performs checks, and takes corrective action, as necessary.

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4 Flight Operating Procedures
This section establishes criteria essential to the safety of flight operations conducted from the Scenic
Eclipse.
4.1 In This Section
4.2 Use of Checklists
4.3 Pre-flight Procedures
4.4 Takeoff Procedures
4.5 Before Landing, After Landing, and Shutdown Procedures
4.6 Pilot Post-flight Check
4.7 Flight Crew Debriefings
4.8 Standardization Flights
4.9 Use of Rotor Brake
4.2 Use of Checklists
The Company SOPs are based on the systematic use of checklists to accomplish the required checks (e.g.,
normal, abnormal, emergency). SOP items that are shown in quotation marks are to be stated as written.
Departure and arrival checklists may be found in the approved Airbus Helicopters H130T2 Rotorcraft
Flight Manual, Sections 3 and 4.
4.3 Pre-flight Procedures
4.3.1 Before Starting Engines Check
A minimum of one person qualified to operate aircraft engines must be seated in a pilot seat when an
aircraft engine is started or running. Engines will be started utilizing the proper checklist procedures.
Before starting an engine, the immediate area around the aircraft must be visually checked for potential
hazards to ensure a safe start. Pilots should make an effort to have a helicopter landing officer (HLO) or
helicopter landing assistant (HLA) act as an outside observer during engine starts whenever practical.

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4.4 Takeoff Procedures
4.4.1 Takeoff Briefing
Prior to takeoff, the PF shall consider at minimum the following items:
§ Special factors influencing this takeoff (e.g., wet runway, anti-icing requirements, cross-wind,
deviations from the norm).
§ Verify the navigation equipment setup.
§ Verify any special ATC instructions and read back all clearances correctly (e.g., headings, altitude).
§ Formulate the emergency return plan.
4.4.2 Before Takeoff Check
The PIC will complete the before takeoff check as published in the RFM and review any changes to the
ATC clearance prior to initiating takeoff, and verify that the floats are armed and the area is clear for
departure.
4.5 Before Landing, After Landing, and Shutdown Procedures
4.5.1 Before Landing Check
The before landing check will be completed in accordance with the RFM.
4.5.2 After Landing Check
The after landing check will be completed in accordance with the RFM. Additionally, the PIC will ensure
the engine is running at ground idle and the floats are disarmed.
4.5.3 Shutdown Check
The shutdown check will be completed in accordance with the RFM. After engine shutdown but before
exiting the cockpit, the PIC will oversee the passenger handling requirements between crew members,
HLOs, and HLAs.

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4.6 Pilot Post-flight Check
If Company maintenance personnel will not accomplish a post-flight inspection after the completion of
the last flight of the day, the Company assigned PIC, or designee, shall conduct a walk-around check of the
aircraft, noting any oil or fuel leaks, abnormal wear, or damage to the aircraft. Any discrepancies found
during this walk-around are to be noted in the XXXX. The Company-assigned PIC will notify maintenance
personnel if there is any doubt as to the airworthiness status of the aircraft.
4.7 Flight Crew Debriefings
If there are any abnormalities during a flight, crew members will conduct a post-flight debriefing with the
HLO.
4.8 Standardization Flights
Company Standardization Pilots will conduct Standardization flights to ensure the program is being
followed in day-to-day operations and to constantly evaluate the program.
4.8.1 Assignments
Each Company pilot will receive, at least, one (1) standardization flight every twelve (12) months. The
minimum number of standardization flights per 12-month period, per aircraft, shall be one (1).
4.8.2 Scheduling
Standardization flights may be conducted during normal passenger carrying flights. No abnormal or
emergency procedures will be required as part of the flight. These flights will involve routine practices and
standard operating procedures described herein and in the RFM for the subject aircraft.
The Standardization Pilot will act as an observer during the flight and will not be considered as an
assigned flight crewmember for the purpose of the flight.
4.8.3 Results Evaluation
The Standardization Pilot will use a Company “Pilot-Standardization Flight Worksheet” to conduct the
evaluation. This document will be utilized as the controlling document for the flight. (The worksheet will
be destroyed at the conclusion of the crew’s debriefing.)

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4.8.4 Resolution of Deficiencies
Crew members found to be deficient will be advised of the specific deficiencies during post-flight
debriefing unless, in the opinion of the Standardization Pilot, the deficiency directly affects the
operational safety of the flight. If this is deemed to be the case, the Standardization Pilot will advise the
flight crew of the deficiency immediately upon discovery.
In the unlikely case that the pilot(s) are unwilling or unable to perform their duties in accordance with the
FAR, the RFM, the Department SOPs, or this Manual, they will be advised of this. If the situation cannot be
resolved at the local level to the Standardization Pilot’s satisfaction, the flight will not depart, or if already
airborne, it will not proceed beyond the next point of landing.
In this event, the Standardization Pilot will contact the [Position Title] as soon as is practical to resolve the
situation. The [Position Title] will determine the proper course of action to be taken from that point.
Successful completion of a standardization flight will be recorded for each individual. These forms will be
forwarded to the [Position Title] for review, to be retained in each employee’s training file.
4.9 Use of Rotor Brake
The rotor brake will be used in accordance with the limitations set forth in the RFM. It is recommended
that pilots apply the rotor brake at, or less than, 100 revolutions per minute (RPM).

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5 Facility Safety Procedures
5.1 In This Section
5.2 Responsibility
5.3 The Helicopter Landing Officer
5.4 Manning the Helicopter Deck
5.5 Audits
5.6 Training Programs
5.7 Maintenance Program
5.8 Helicopter Deck and Equipment Parts
5.9 Safety Equipment
5.10 Clothing and Protective Equipment
5.11 Operations
5.12 Special Procedures and Operations
5.2 Responsibility
5.2.1 Helicopter Deck, Refueling Plant, and Competence
The Pilot and the helicopter landing officer (HLO) are responsible for ensuring that the helicopter deck
(helideck), refueling plant, and competence meet current requirements.
5.2.2 Inspection
The Chief Officer, Chief Engineer, and the Pilot are responsible for routine inspections of the helideck and
refueling plant.
5.2.3 Supervision
The Captain is responsible for supervision of onboard helicopter activities, including the following:
§ The helideck.
§ The refueling plant.

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§ The helideck crew.
§ The radio operator/person responsible for communications.
§ Radio and navigational equipment.
This supervisory role is intended to be in addition to the vessel’s routine maintenance and inspection
duties.
The Chief Engineer is responsible for refueling equipment (e.g., tanks, hoses, pumps, ventilation of void
spaces).
5.3 The Helicopter Landing Officer
The HLO has responsibility for supervising and managing the day-to-day operations on the helideck during
helicopter visits, including ensuring that:
§ The captain is updated at regular intervals about the status of the helideck, equipment, and
services;
§ Necessary steps are taken to deny unauthorized persons access to the helideck prior to takeoff
and landing;
§ The deck is cleared of loose objects, inflammable substances, etc.;
§ Necessary personnel are present and at a state of readiness;
§ Passengers are clothed properly (e.g., no loose clothing, hats);
§ The helideck crew has been briefed on any special conditions prior to the arrival of the helicopter,
especially about the arrival of an unfamiliar helicopter type or in the event of special operations;
§ All equipment and instruments are in place and in full working order;
§ The crane (if any) in the vicinity of the landing area has been stopped and correctly positioned in
relation to the free approach and departure sectors;
§ Guests are detained in the safe zone during landing/takeoff and that they are guided during
disembarkation and embarkation; and
§ Passengers have fastened their safety belts and been briefed on emergency exits.
5.3.1 Landings
Before any helicopter landing, the HLO shall maintain contact with the Pilot and inform whether the deck
is clear for landing.

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5.3.2 Deviations
The HLO shall immediately report any form of deviation on the helideck to the immediate superior so that
the helicopter flight crew members may be informed about the situation.
5.4 Manning the Helicopter Deck
At minimum, three (3) people will man the helideck:
1) The HLO (in charge of the helideck)
2) One HLA
3) One fire brigade member
These people together are called the helideck crew. They must have documented their familiarization in
the use of the helideck’s firefighting equipment, including stipulated training.
5.4.1 Foam Cannon
During takeoffs and landings, at least one (1) person, dressed in fire protection clothing as stated in
Section 4.4.4, shall be stationed at the remote control unit for the helideck’s foam cannon (or at the most
appropriate foam cannon to be used in prevailing weather conditions).
5.4.2 Refueling
During refueling the helideck crew shall consist of the following crew members:
§ PIC or aircraft mechanic
§ The pistol grip nozzle operator, usually the HLO or an HLA
§ The fireguard, dressed as described for takeoffs and landings
The HLO may be one of these people.
5.4.3 Other Personnel
As necessary, personnel without training or experience could be utilized on the helideck. Such personnel
must be briefed by the HLO and be subject to constant supervision during helicopter operations.

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5.5 Audits
The Company, supported professionally by the Classification or Flag Authorities, will periodically audit the
operator’s systems and procedures.
5.6 Training Programs
The helideck crew will receive basic and periodic refresher training in accordance with the vessel’s
procedure. For all helideck crews, refresher training will occur at least every forty-five (45) days. Special
emphasis shall be placed on fire and damage control. All basic and refresher training will be documented.
5.6.1 New Crew Members
HLAs who have only recently completed basic training shall participate in a minimum of twenty (20)
helicopter landing and takeoffs under the guidance of an experienced HLO. Only after this training shall
they become fully qualified to stand independent duty and serve as part of the minimum manning of the
helideck.
5.6.2 Inactive Trained Personnel
Personnel who have completed their basic training but who have not actively worked in that position
during the past (2) two years shall receive an introduction to the helideck and refueling plant under the
guidance of the HLO.
5.6.3 Physical Fitness
Helideck crews must meet the physical fitness requirements, including demonstrated documented
knowledge in the use of smoke diving apparatus.
5.7 Maintenance Program
A maintenance program will be established and maintained for the helideck, related helideck equipment,
and the refueling plant.

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5.8 Helicopter Deck and Equipment Parts
This section generally describes the helideck and personnel and discusses necessary equipment parts and
guidelines for helicopter safety, and how all of these relate to pertinent rules and regulations.
5.8.1 Obstacles in the Helicopter Deck Approach and Departure
Sectors
There shall be no obstacles above the level of the helideck in the 210-degree (210°) approach and
departure sectors or in the immediate deck vicinity. The following items are exempted from this
requirement:
§ Safety perimeter.
§ Outer edges of the safety net (if used).
§ Perimeter lights and floodlights, rising no taller than twenty-five (25) centimeters above the
helideck surface.
§ Individual obstacles required for operating the helideck, rising no taller than twenty-five (25)
centimeters above the helideck surface (e.g., railings, stairs, foam cannon).
Part of the helideck railing will be removed and part of it will be folded.
5.8.2 Friction
The surface of the helideck shall be treated with a non-skid material that prevents helicopters from sliding
(non-skid). With the rope net in place, the helicopter deck shall have a friction coefficient of at least 0.40
or higher, even when the deck is damp or wet. Without the rope net, the friction coefficient shall be at
least 0.65.
5.8.3 Windsock
The windsock must be:
§ Easily visible;
§ Mounted in an area minimally affected by turbulence from surrounding constructions;
§ Single-color (orange) or bicolored (i.e., orange/white, red/white, black/white) and conically
shaped;
§ At least standard size: inner diameter of sixty (60) centimeters, outer diameter of thirty (30)
centimeters, and length of two and four tenths (2.4) meters; and

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5.8.4 Identification
The helideck shall be marked with an “H” that is clearly visible from all approach directions above the
helideck surface.
5.8.5 Operational Equipment
At all times, the helideck shall contain all equipment required for operations, such as but not limited to
the following:
§ Ropes for tying down a parked helicopter.
§ Equipment for removing snow and ice.
5.8.6 Rescue Equipment
The following rescue equipment must be located in the immediate vicinity of the helideck:
§ Two (2) fire axes.
§ Two (2) non-corrosive knives for cutting seat belts.
§ Two (2) explosion-proof flashlights.
§ One (1) crowbar.
§ One (1) wire cutter.
§ One (1) hacksaw with spare blades.
§ One (1) hammer.
§ One (1) cutting chisel.
§ One (1) sheet metal shears.
§ One (1) bolt cutter.
§ One (1) jack for minimum lift of ½ ton.
§ One (1) angle grinder for cutting alley sheeting.
§ One (1) lift bag.
The equipment must be stored so that it is readily available, visible, and in a safe place, preferably in a
sealed locker or container. If the locker or container can be locked with a key, they key must be placed
behind a window of breakable material. The locker or container shall be painted red and marked
“Emergency Equipment.”
One metal hook on a metal handle measuring three (3) meters in length, together with a light ladder of
about three (3) meters in length, shall be stored in a suitable place near the locker or container holding
the emergency equipment.

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5.8.7 Communications Equipment
Personnel who comprise the minimum manning requirement for the helideck shall be equipped with
portable two-way VHF radios that are capable of communicating with the crew of the helicopter and the
installation’s radio room.
5.8.8 Signs
All placard text shall be visible in the dark or illuminated.
Prohibited Activities
Access routes to the helideck shall be marked with clearly visible signs prohibiting the following activities:
§ Loitering/being on the deck during starts and landings.
§ Smoking or using open flames on the deck during ongoing helicopter operations and when the
helicopter is parked.
§ Personnel moving behind a parked helicopter with the rotor engaged.
Exits
§ Exits steps from the helicopter deck shall be clearly marked “EXIT.”
5.9 Safety Equipment
This section describes in general terms the safety equipment available on the vessel.
The type of equipment may vary from vessel to vessel. Special information pertaining to a specific vessel
is included in the local operations manuals.
5.9.1 Alarm Systems
It must be possible to activate any alarm system from the helideck or the immediate vicinity of the
helideck.
Fire Alarms Buttons
The start button for the alarm system must be clearly marked. Alarm buttons are located at XXXXX. These
may only be used in emergency situations, including a fire in a helicopter or on the helideck.

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Alarm Systems and Fire Alarm Boxes
Boxes for activating the fire pumps are located XXXX. Throwing the switches in these boxes will start the
fire pump(s) and the control room indicator will show which fire alarm box (FAB) has been activated.
5.9.2 Firefighting Equipment
The HLO shall ensure the firefighting equipment is always in good working order and ready for use. The
HLO should report any deviation to the immediate superior.
NOTE: The helideck’s fire extinguisher system must not be activated prior to helicopter landing.
Activation before a landing’s completion could lead to pilots losing deck references.
5.9.3 Fire Water Systems
A fire water system is compulsory and must be charged prior to the commencement of helicopter
operations.
Purpose and Effect
Fire may be controlled or extinguished by water as follows:
§ Water can act as a dilutor when converted to steam in the fire zone.
§ Water absorbs heat when being converted to steam.
§ Steam reduces the air current mixture’s oxygen content by one-third (1/3).
§ Water may be used to cool surrounding areas s to prevent fire from spreading or to improve
access to the fire zone.
Application
Water is the best extinguishing agent for fires burning in woodwork, paper, and garbage. It also works
well to damp down fires after handheld extinguishers have been used.
Equipment
§ Hoses measuring an inch and a half (1.5”) in diameter hoses are standard equipment for fire
fighting and for hosing down.
§ Alternatively, foam equipment may be used with water only.
Use
§ Water must be in the form of fine spray for oil fires and for cooling.

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§ To avoid shocks, the power supply must be shut off near electrical fires/fires in electrical
equipment before the use of water.
§ For most fires, the water jet should be directed at the base/root of the flames.
5.9.4 Foam Systems
Purpose and Effect
Fire may be controlled or extinguished using foam as follows:
§ Foam acts as a “smothering agent.”
§ If used in sufficient amounts, foam reduces oxygen supply by preventing the influx of air.
§ Foam acts as a dilutor.
§ When forced into a fire zone, foam is converted to steam and will, under certain conditions,
reduce the air current mixture by one-third (1/3).
§ The process of converting foam to steam will absorb heat.
§ A sufficiently thick layer of foam will protect explosive materials exposed to the fire by insulating
and absorbing heat.
§ A thick, fully covering carpet of foam will extinguish fire involving inflammable liquids. The carpet
must have the proper consistency and thickness, and it must be maintained for a sufficient length
of time.
Application
Foam must be applied in the greatest quantity possible so as to cover the entire fire surface. Foam is
suitable for all kinds of fire except electrical fire.
Equipment
There are three types of foam cannon and three types of hose reels.
Producing foam requires the mixing of the following three components in a turbulent condition:
§ Water
§ Air
§ Foam concentrate
It is usually accomplished by injecting the concentrate under pressure into the water flow. The system will
usually start to produce foam about twenty (20) seconds after equipment start-up.

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Use
The fixed foam system is controlled from firefighting cabinets that have been permanently installed. After
using the foam system, all piping must be thoroughly flushed with water to remove any remaining foam
solution. Note that too much water will break down the foam.
5.9.5 Dry Powder Systems
Purpose and Effect
In very fine form, dry powder stops fire’s chain reaction by introducing a large number of tiny particles
into the atmosphere.
Remember: When extinguishing a fire with dry powder, any evaporation through the powder will
present the possibility of re-ignition from hot metal, smoldering insulation, or other materials.
Application
Dry powder is effective against most fires, especially electrical fires, as it is non-conductive. In most cases
of petrochemical fires, however, re-ignition is likely to occur unless foam is used to prevent re-ignition.
Foam must be used.
Equipment
The equipment is of the gas cartridge propellant type, which propels the powder by internal overpressure
created by the discharge of a carbon dioxide (CO2) propellant cartridge inside the extinguisher.
Use
The powder normally starts to flow within fifteen (15) seconds of activation of the fixed equipment. The
units should be directed from a position upwind towards the base of the flames, if possible. All piping
must be cleaned of remaining powder immediately after use to prevent powder or lumps that may later
block the hose or piping.
5.9.6 Rescue and Safety Equipment Maintenance
All rescue and safety equipment shall be maintained in good working order, ready for use at all times.
Maintenance, periodic testing, and inspections must be carried out in accordance with established
procedures.

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5.10 Clothing and Protective Equipment
5.10.1 Equipment Set Contents
During takeoff and landing, each member of the helideck crew must have immediate access to one set of
equipment, consisting of the following:
§ Protective firefighting clothing.
§ Protective firefighting gloves.
§ Helmets for firefighting.
§ Safety shoes for occupational use.
§ Smoke diving equipment (a minimum of two [2] sets for distribution).
5.10.2 Location
When not in use, the equipment shall be stored in a separate locker, ready for rapid donning, in the
immediate vicinity of the helideck. The locker must be marked: “Fire Protection”
In addition to the required fire protection equipment, the locker must also contain the following items:
§ At least two lifelines with a minimum length of fifteen (15) meters.
§ Two (2) fire inhibiting blankets.
§ Bolt cutters.
§ Cutting wheel (angle grinder).
5.10.3 Use of Protective Clothing
§ The member of the helideck crew stationed at the foam cannon shall, in addition to wearing the
smoke diving equipment, be dressed in all the fire protection clothing described above.
§ When there is reason to believe that a hazardous situation may arise on the helideck during
takeoffs and landings, all helideck crew members must wear fire protection gear.
§ Coveralls used for work on the helideck must be sufficiently rated for fire safety.
5.11 Operations
This section describes the helideck crew’s limitations and routine tasks during helicopter operations.

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5.11.1 Operating on the Helicopter Deck
Use of Anti-collision Lights and the Pulse Lighting System
The helicopter’s anti-collision lights and pulse lighting system should be switched off after the helicopter
has landed and is ready for unloading. This indicates to the helideck crew that they have permission to
approach the helicopter. Permission could also be indicated by a visual signal or voice command from the
Pilot.
The pilot shall switch on the anti-collision lights immediately before takeoff and whenever the situation so
merits. This indicates that the helideck crew must immediately vacate the helideck. The HLO will give the
thumbs-up sign when all personnel have left the helideck and all objects have been removed from it.
5.11.2 Cargo in the Helicopter
General
The Pilot is ultimately responsible for all cargo operations and must monitor the weight and location of all
cargo (e.g., bags, equipment).
Cargo and Passengers
§ Cargo placement must allow easy access to emergency equipment and must be secured in
accordance with the authorities strictest requirements.
When transporting passengers, cargo must not be placed in the helicopter cabin.
5.11.3 Communications
This section of the manual contains procedures and guidelines for communication between the helideck
crew and the Pilots.
Language
All aeronautical communication shall be conducted in English.
Responsibilities
The HLO will inform when the helideck is cleared for landing and provide safety-related information (e.g.,
that the helicopter deck may not be used due to an alarm, oil or fuel leaks, faults with the helicopter).
The HLO may not assume control of the air space or exercise air traffic control.

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Establish Radio Communications
Prior to establishing radio communications, the following conditions should be met:
§ The correct radio frequency is being used.
§ Ongoing communications are not interrupted (i.e., listen before speaking).
§ Being aware of what needs to be said and keeping messages short.
If a radio station hears a call without being able to identify the call sign of the station being called, it shall
not answer until the call sign has been repeated and understood. If a station receives a call without being
able to determine the caller’s identity, the following phraseology shall be used: “Station calling, this is
Vessel X, say again your call sign.”
Helicopter Call Signs
The helicopter’s call sign may be the flight number in question or the helicopter’s registration letter,
usually abbreviated to the first and the last two letters (e.g., N68SE, November Six Eight Sierra Echo).
Radio Failure
Although radio failures do not typically occur, a loss of contact could be suspected if a helicopter fails to
respond when called or the frequency falls silent. In the event of a suspected radio failure, contact should
be made with another member of the helideck crew or the radio operator so that the helicopter pilot
could receive information. The helideck will be equipped with a red and green light to indicate the status
of the deck. Green indicates “Flight Ready.” Red indicates “Flight Not Ready.”
As an exception, hand signals may be used to indicate the helideck is clear for landing.
Phraseology
During radio communication between the helicopter and a ground station, certain words and expressions
(phraseology) are used to facilitate understanding. Use of standard phraseology is recommended.
Attachment D contains a list of Standard English expressions.
Frequencies
The information frequency for helicopter services is used for:
§ Deck clearance and to indicate a Red or Green light on deck.
§ Wind direction and velocity.
§ Other information that is important for flight safety.
Where two frequencies are in operation, all other communication shall take place on the logistics
frequency on another radio.

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5.12 Special Procedures and Operations
This chapter covers the special procedures and operations that are used on certain vessels, types of
helicopter, under special conditions, etc.
5.12.1 Emergency Situations
Actions taken must comply with the vessel’s emergency procedures.
5.12.2 Basic Principles
Launching and Retrieval onboard Turmoil
§ Head to wind.
§ Stop boat.
§ Shallow water.
§ Rescue boat retrieval.
Teamwork
The helideck crew must work as a team in emergencies. In order to develop quick countermeasures,
forms of cooperation, and efficient actions, the helideck crew must discuss in advance how to handle
different emergency situations and conduct practice exercises.
Emergency Situations
Common sense shall be used when reacting to emergency situations. The normal train of action in an
emergency should be as follows:
1) Evaluate the extent of the emergency situation and secure one’s own escape route.
2) Call for assistance or sound the alarm.
After the situation is under immediate control, it should be dealt with following the process below:
1) Localize the source.
2) Extinguish/eliminate.
3) Rescue personnel/reduce risk.
4) Prevent spreading.

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5) Monitor to prevent re-ignition/repetition.
5.12.3 Fire in the Helicopter or on the Helicopter Deck
First Actions
1) Immediately stop any refueling.
2) Activate the fixed firefighting equipment.
3) Sound the alarm.
4) Don fire protection gear. (Note: The fireguard is already wearing it.)
5) Determine the source of the fire(s).
Table 5.1 Areas of Responsibility in Case of Helicopter or Helideck Fire
ROLE RESPONSIBILITY
HLO Alert/Notification.
Confers with pilot and coordinates actions. If the type of the fire allows,
confer with pilot before using firefighting equipment.
HLA Works with fireguard and HLO in fighting fire and reducing risk.
Fire Brigade Member Operates the firefighting equipment.
Fire Teams
In the case of extensive fires, the fire teams on the vessel will be involved in extinguishing the fire and will
assume responsibility from the helideck crew.
Rescue
In some cases it will be possible to save the helicopter crew and passengers before the fire becomes too
large. If rescue appears feasible then it should be attempted, but the fire fighting equipment must be
used to cover personnel involved in the rescue operation.
Should a rescuer need to enter the helicopter cabin in order to save people, the rescuer must comply with
the following:

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§ Use smoke diving equipment.
§ Stay as low as possible when entering the cabin, below the level of smoke and gasses, where the
largest amounts of oxygen are to be found.
Fire Watch
Once the fire has been extinguished, a fire watch should be maintained at the site so as to avoid re-
ignition. The carpet of foam should also be maintained, to the extent necessary.
5.12.4 Helicopter Crash on the Helicopter Deck
Characteristics
Because a helicopter has no wings, the engine and the fuel tanks are positioned in the immediate vicinity
of the cabin. In the event of a crash, the following must be noted:
§ Parts from the rotor blades may be slung around.
§ The helicopter will likely not remain standing (in a vertical position).
§ Hoses will be relatively easy to move around a helicopter, as there are few sheltered areas
beneath the fuselage.
§ The shorter distance to the secondary fire fighting equipment increases the advantage/effects.
§ As the cabin, engines, and fuel tanks are so close to each other, rapid intervention may be
decisive.
Fireguard Responsibility
If a helicopter crashes on the helideck, the fireguard shall do the following:
1) Start the fire pumps and sound the alarm.
2) Cover the helideck with foam.
3) Extinguish any fire.
4) Maintain a sharp lookout for fire. This is especially important given that spilt fuel that may run
down to the lower decks of the installation.
Rescuing Passengers and Pilots
§ Helicopter doors and hatches are constructed relatively simply and there is little probability of
them jamming. Should they jam, they must be forced open.

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§ Should it be necessary to use additional force to enter the helicopter, cutting must only take place
at specific points (e.g., emergency exits, windows).
§ The rescue equipment listed in Chapter 3 is to be used.
§ Should a helicopter be lying on its side, those onboard must be supported when the seat bets are
released.
Note: The helideck crew must have detailed knowledge of the specific type of helicopter.
Choking or Stopping the Engines
Choking or stopping the engine shall be carried out when the helicopter is in a normal position, the pilots
are put out of action, and the engine and the rotors are still running.
When choking or stopping the engine, it is necessary to comply with the following:
§ The helicopter’s emergency stop handle must be used to stop the engines.
§ The rotor blades move closer to the deck as rotation speed drops, and this may constitute a major
hazard to on-deck personnel.
§ No personnel may leave the helicopter until the rotors have completely stopped.
5.12.5 Helicopter Crash into the Sea
Alerting
§ The radio operator must be notified.
§ The radio operator/bridge will carry out further notification in accordance with the vessel’s
internal procedures.
§ The helideck crew shall act in accordance with the vessel’s emergency procedures manual.
5.12.6 Emergency Landing with Prior Notification
Preparations
If warning has been given that a helicopter is experiencing problems and the pilot would like to land on
the helideck, the following preparations must be made:
§ The radio operator/bridge must informed and proper alarm signals must be activated. The
emergency teams shall be mustered according to the vessel’s internal procedures. See chapter 7.
§ All crew members who man the helideck must don fire protection gear.
§ Put on smoke diving equipment.

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§ Dry powder equipment.
§ The fixed powder extinguishing hose must be prepared for immediate use (See Chapter 3). Stand
in a sheltered area with this equipment at the ready.
5.12.7 “Safedeck” Helicopter Deck
“Safedeck”-type helidecks have been specially designed to quickly lay an unbroken layer of foam over the
entire helideck surface in the event of a helicopter fire or a crash onto the helideck.
5.12.8 Embarking and Disembarking from the Helicopter in Strong
Wind
General Information
The upper wind speed limit for ordinary guests transport is twenty-five (25) knots, including gusts. The
actual wind speed on the helideck may deviate from reported wind measurements. Upwind, downwind,
or funnel effects may occur together with turbulence due to the helideck surroundings and wind
direction, radically changing the wind fields.
Risk Reducing Measures
When there has been a report forecasting winds of more than twenty-five (25) knots, the vessel shall
attempt to reduce the guests’ exposure to the wind. Appropriate methods may include the following:
§ Access routes to and exit paths from the helideck shall be selected to offer the least wind
exposure.
§ The HLO, HLA, and member of the Fire Brigade shall assist guests to and from the helicopter.
§ The HLO, HLA, and member of the Fire Brigade shall handle all luggage on the helideck.
In high winds it may be necessary to increase the number of crew members on the helideck. The HLO
must continuously evaluate the conditions on the helideck and, after conferring with the Pilot, decide how
best to ensure passenger safety. If the HLO decides the safety of the guests can no longer be ensured, the
HLO must stop the vessel’s helicopter operations. The Captain (or proxy) must be duly informed.
5.12.9 Refueling in Strong Wind
In special situations such as emergencies, it may be necessary to refuel the helicopter with wind forces in
excess of twenty-five (25) knots. In such cases, the following special precautions must be taken:
§ The pilot will brief the helideck crew with any special procedures or precautions.
§ The HLO shall call upon a qualified person when increasing the manning of the helideck.

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6 Vessel-Specific Procedures
6.1 In This Section
6.2 Preamble
6.3 Pre-flight Precautions
6.4 Fire Crew
6.5 Communication
6.6 Operations
6.7 Stowing at Sea
6.8 Retrieval in Case of Ditching
6.9 Refueling Operations
6.10 Transit Procedures
6.2 Preamble
All crew participating in any helicopter operations must have had recent training and briefing including
the use of radio and hand signals and will under the direction on Helicopter Landing Officer (HLO) or the
Pilot.
Guests may view the operations from the xxx.
The helicopter deck must remain clear and free of personnel during flight operations other then the fire
crew.
Re-fuelling operations to be under the supervision of the Chief Engineer and will strictly comply with
vessels procedures and MARPOL.
Any personal movements on the helicopter deck will be under supervision of the Pilot and / or the
Helicopter Landing officer.
6.3 Pre-flight Precautions
Rig safety boat ready for deployment Have SCUBA equipment and marker buoy rigged and ready for
deployment. Remove and fold down all helicopter deck rails Stow loose gear flags, halyards etc. Remove
all loose clothing such as hats, scarves etc. and zip up jackets.
Flight Deck Crew Briefing

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Viewing areas
Xxxxx, side decks and indoor decks
Noise issue – it is loud so be aware you should wear earplugs.
6.4 Fire Brigade
Stand by dressed in fire suits with hydrant pressured up and hose run out. Dry powder extinguisher
should also be ready.
6.5 Communication
Due to noise communication is impossible except via VHF headsets. Keep watching the pilot for
instructions. If he is not looking at you do not assume he has forgotten you are there stay put until
directed by him or the HLO.
When approaching the helicopter keep your head down, there is X feet plus clearance but wind or other
factors may cause the rotor blades to dip.
6.6 Operations
When launching or retrieving the helicopter:
§ The vessel will be brought head to wind with minimal headway to reduce turbulence created by
the ships funnel.
§ The fire crew will be dressed and in position either in the doorway or on the Stack Deck. The fire
hose will be deployed and charged. Communications will be via VHF or direct eye contact with the
pilot. Current wind and weather conditions will be relayed from the bridge.
§ Clearance for takeoff or landing will come from the bridge,
§ KEEP CLEAR OF THE TAIL ROTOR AT ALL TIMES
6.6.1 Full Stop
This is when the helicopter lands and shut down for re-fueling. During a “Full Stop” landing there will be a
two minutes cool down period where no one is to approach the machine unless directed by the pilot.

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6.6.2 Hot Loading
This is when the helicopter lands for transferring of guests and or equipment and does not shut
down. During a “hot Loading” the helicopter will shut down but disembark and embark guests with the
main rotor turning. Extreme caution to be taken during this operation and approach to the aircraft is
restricted and under the direction of the pilot.
Note: Keep clear of the rotor at all times.
6.7 Stowing at Sea
The helicopter will be moved forward by means of hydraulic wheel clamps. Listen to the pilot(s) for
instructions.
It is very important nothing touches the rotor blades either when turning or stationary. If any of the
blades are inadvertently bumped or damaged it is imperative the pilot be informed immediately.
§
6.8 Retrieval in Case of Ditching
If the helicopter ditches into the sea:
1) Markers buoy to be deployed marking the exact position.
2) Deploy the rescue boat and retrieve the passengers.
3) Bridge watch should record exact position from the GPS.
4) Current weather conditions should be recorded including wind, current, and sea temperature.
6.9 Refueling Operations
A briefing is to take place prior to re-fuelling operations or both the Float Plan and Helicopter. All crew
participating in refueling operations must have had recent training. The procedure for refueling is as
follows:
1) Run Ventilation Exhaust Fans 15 minutes prior to re-fuelling operations.
2) Close water tight door to swim platform.
3) Dry Powder and the Foam Ejector extinguishers to be positioned.

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4) The BBQ off and covered. Fuel meter zeroed.
5) Fuel sample taken and recorded as an official record.
6) Fueling instructions to come from the PIC, in most cases it will be the Pilot unless otherwise stated
during the briefing
7) The Chief Engineer, HLO and the Pilot will orchestrate the refueling procedure.
6.10 Transit Procedures
When the helicopter is to be transported at sea for extended periods it must be properly “bagged” with
the double covers. In addition to the straps provided the skids must be clamped in the appropriate
location to prevent any movement of the machine. Periodic checks are to be made to ensure there has
been no movement and the blade tie downs are still firm.
Note: It is important not to overtighten the blade tie-downs.

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7 Antarctica Operations
7.1 In This Section
7.2 General Conditions of Flight
7.3 Landing and Shore Operations
7.4 Environmental Considerations
7.5 Operational and Safety Issues
7.6 Weather Forecasts
7.7 Ice Reconnaissance Flights
7.8 Landing on Sea Ice
7.9 Emergencies
7.10 Aircraft Safety
7.11 Crew Requirements
7.12 Certificate of Competency
Safety is the first priority of all operations, the determination of the suitability of flight conditions are
ultimately up to the helicopter pilots. Flights are dependent on weather conditions.
Prior to any individual landing, the Expedition Leader must discuss with the Captain and officers, as well as
the pilots and staff, the plans for the helicopter operation, including an assessment of weather, flight
path, landing conditions, distance from the ship, type of terrain at the landing point and any other
possible issues of the operation. A plan of action should be communicated to all supervisory personnel.
Prior to any passengers being lifted ashore, the EL or nominated staff should perform a reconnaissance
flight. The EL or designated staff will also act as the shore landing party. During this flight the landing
conditions in the area will be scouted, especially considering the proximity of wildlife and potential
impacts for disturbance, and safe walking conditions over sea ice. From that observation, a decision will
be made by the pilot, the EL, or nominated staff about whether a landing is possible.
As a general operating principle, the helicopter should not be used for long flights over open water with
passengers on board. A backup Zodiac with a driver must be on standby for rescue when the helicopter is
flying over open water.

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7.3.1 Passengers
A passenger briefing before each helicopter landing should detail intended activities ashore, the nature of
terrain to be expected, proper dress and estimated time away from the ship. This can be done face to face
with passengers prior to departure. Shortly before the landing, a disembarkation announcement must
inform passengers of current weather conditions, order of disembarkation and other important last
minute details.
Prior to any helicopter operation, passengers are required to be appropriately dressed for the conditions.
An overriding principle to emphasize is that in any polar or mountainous area, weather conditions can
change drastically and rapidly. Recommended attire should include a combination of thermal underwear,
two warm layers over the thermal underwear, and a windproof jacket, two pairs of socks and insulated
boots, a warm hat and gloves. Passengers, who may be particularly prone to the cold, will be advised to
consider carrying a small backpack with an extra sweater and another pair of gloves inside. Helicopter
flights often involve landing in snow or ice areas. Passengers will be advised to carry suitable eye
protection such as sunglasses, and use a protective lotion for lips, hands and face. Reflected glare from
snow and ice can easily cause intense sunburn.
All passengers flying on the helicopters will be required to wear a personal floatation device (PFD). There
will be no exceptions to this rule.
7.3.2 Health and Safety
The ship’s doctor with a medical kit should, if possible, be ashore with passengers, and stay for the
duration of the landing. The doctor must carry a VHF hand-held radio and be informed of the general
landing plan. The doctor should be instructed to always listen to radio communications.
Safety is paramount. No risks should be taken if weather conditions are poor or predicted to deteriorate.
The Expedition Leader, the helicopter pilots, and ship’s bridge officers must constantly monitor weather
trends during the course of any landing operation. Any signs of seriously deteriorating weather, especially
any quick deterioration, must result in immediate cancellation of landing operations and the return of all
passengers and personnel to the ship.
A maximum distance parties can travel away from the vessel must be established to ensure rapid rescue if
needed.
When landing on ice areas or snowfields, staff members are to perform a reconnaissance of the area to
check for crevasses. These areas are then to be marked and indicated to the passengers as unsafe. Staff
must constantly watch that passengers are not approaching such areas. A safe walking route must be
marked with flags and then clearly explained to passengers.

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Helicopter operations have the potential to directly impact animals and plants. Potential impacts include
disturbance of bird and seal colonies, resulting in habitat disruption, by noise caused during helicopter
flights, and indirect impact through exposure to increased predation following disturbance. Helicopter
operations will be carried out in accordance with Recommendation XVIII-I, and within the rules and
regulations set forth by Annex II to the Protocol on Environmental Protection, Conservation of Antarctic
Fauna and Flora, as well as ATCM XXVII Resolution 2 - “Guidelines for the Operation of Aircraft near
Concentrations of Birds in Antarctica” (see Appendix 1).
7.4.1 Flight Paths and Landing Operations
The Expedition Leader makes the final decision about flight paths and landing operations, taking into
account the proximity of wildlife and any possible disturbances. Under no circumstances, except for an
emergency, will landings be made in areas where wildlife is likely to be disturbed. The key point in
protecting wildlife is the understanding that helicopters flying over or just to the side of wildlife
concentrations are particularly disturbing. If the helicopter cannot land in an area where wildlife will not
be disturbed, the landing will be aborted.
Helicopter landing sites will be no closer than half a nautical mile from concentrated wildlife. Helicopters
are under no circumstances allowed to fly over any wildlife concentration, and will not fly at altitudes
lower than 700 meters laterally to each side of such concentrations. If the flight path allows, wildlife sites
will be approached down-wind to reduce any disturbance from noise, exhaust fumes, and dust. Antarctic
Specially Protected Areas will be avoided, unless a permit issued by relevant authorities authorizes the
helicopter to over-fly or land by them. The EL will ensure that helicopter pilots know about the exact flight
path near wildlife areas. If any disturbance to wildlife is noted, the flight path will be changed accordingly.
As much as possible, helicopter landings will take place on ice and snow, in order to avoid any potential
impacts on rocks or soil. The helicopter will not overfly lakes, and not land within 500 meters of lakes or
vegetated areas, and will always try to land behind features such as ridge lines or icebergs to help obscure
the aircraft from wildlife.
7.4.2 Leaving and Taking of Material
All waste generated during helicopter activities will be returned to the ship for proper disposal. No
refueling operations will take place ashore at any time, except in an emergency.
Passengers are advised to clean their boots carefully before and after each landing to avoid accidental
introduction or translocation of seeds or other organisms. Staff will ensure that all visitors remove soil or
plant material from boots, clothing, and daypacks prior to landing and immediately following passenger’s
return.

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Pilots will follow specific controls, set out in any relevant Management Plans, and follow preferred flight
paths and approach paths contained in the Antarctic Flight Information Manual, and in station aircraft
operation manuals and on relevant charts, maps, and wildlife/low-flying avoidance maps for the airstrips
in the Antarctic. The helicopter will operate under positive control from the vessel (which means radio
and satellite tracking coverage when possible).
All Eclipse staff shall make available and be familiar with the use of the survival equipment, and their role
in an emergency.
7.5.1 Landings
The helicopter landing party will have a VHF radio with either a back-up, fully charged battery, or radio
that allows them to communicate with the vessel and the helicopter pilots. Before passenger landings
commence, the shore-based helicopter landing team will be in place and radio communications will be
established with them. Key staff members involved in landing operations will have a marine VHF handheld
radio and at least one extra, fully charged battery. Staff will always be aware of and listen to pre-
established communication frequencies.
It is up to the Expedition Leader and staff to make sure that the emergency equipment is in good
condition and placed at a designated point ashore. All equipment will be returned to the vessel and put
back into designated storage areas after each landing. Passengers will be advised that this equipment will
be ashore.
Up-to-date weather forecasts shall be provided for all flights except those made within 15 NM of the ship
or base camps in standard VMC and with the agreement of the pilot. The ship shall monitor weather
conditions while aircraft are away on task and will update aircraft if conditions are forecast to deteriorate.
7.6.1 Reduced Visibility and Whiteouts
Flights on the Antarctic Continent in conditions of reduced visibility and in areas of indeterminable
horizon and "dome," a low safe altitude shall be calculated with a margin of 2,000 feet above the highest
obstructions.
If whiteout conditions exist, or are forecast in unrelieved snow areas, flying operations in those areas shall
be cancelled. Should circumstances dictate that a landing must be made in a white out, a visual ground
reference shall be used, e.g. tents, vehicles, parked aircraft, personnel, etc. Radar altimeters should not be
used as the primary or sole means of height determination. Flying operations may be conducted when
white out conditions exist, provided the operations are conducted in areas that provide the pilot with

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complete visual reference to the surface. These are coastal areas, open sea areas, islands, coastal
mountains, rock outcrops, large areas of rock such as the Vestfold Hills, blue ice areas, etc.
7.6.2 Drift Snow
In nil or light wind conditions, both during takeoff and landing, visibility may be reduced in drift snow to
almost zero as drift snow is picked up by rotor wash. Pilots shall exercise extreme caution in these
circumstances.
When blowing drift snow rises to more than two or three meters as a function of high wind speed. If the
pilot's visibility is reduced to zero, both on the surface and in hover than flying operations shall be
cancelled until wind speed reduces.
In 20-25 knot wind conditions, blowing drift snow will rise to approximately one meter above the surface
of the snow. It is extremely difficult to hold a hover before landing or after takeoff with any degree of
accuracy.
Pilots shall use a visual reference (e.g., fuel drum, cane marker, tent, rock outcrop) during landing or
takeoff in these conditions.
These flights are conducted at the request of the Expedition Leader or his Deputy.
7.7.1 Definitions
Fast ice is sea ice approximately three (3) meters in thickness that extends in an unbroken state from the
coast for some distance seaward. The distance is variable. The solid state of the ice is sufficient to stop all
but an icebreaker's further progress.
New pack ice results from the breakup of fast ice formed during the previous winter. It is distinguished by
large flat floes with straight edges. The floes make ideal landing or forced landing areas.
Old pack ice results from fast ice formed during some previous winter. It is distinguished by relatively
small floes with rounded edges, perhaps pink or green lichen discoloration. It looks old and crumbling and
is unsafe for helicopter operation.
Rafted pack ice is usually old pack ice that has had floes forced on top of each other as a function of
winter and has frozen into rough and jagged ice floes. It is impossible to land on it.

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7.7.2 Procedures
Before the aircraft to be flown on ice reconnaissance flights are prepared for flight, the ship is to be sailed
far enough into pack ice so that it is in calm seas and provides a stable platform. The Lead Pilot is to
ensure a fireguard is posted on the HLA for the duration of flying operations. Not more than one aircraft
shall have its engine running and blades turning at one time on the HLA.
For the purpose of ice reconnaissance, the maximum distance from the ship, if the flight is to be carried
out by a solo helicopter, shall be 25 nautical miles. This is provided the flight takes place in Ceiling and
Visibility OK (CAVOK) conditions and a second aircraft is available, rigged for flight with crew standing by,
for the purpose of SAR coverage. Distances of more than 25 nautical miles shall be conducted using two
aircraft flying in visual proximity to each other.
When there is open water adjacent to the ship, the Lead Pilot is to arrange with the HDC to have a lifeboat
ready for launching with its crew standing by before the aircraft departs. The lifeboat and its crew will be
stood down after flying operations cease.
The pilot and passengers of each aircraft shall wear immersion/floatation suits.
For flight conditions that do not meet Ceiling and Visibility OK (CAVOK), the lead pilot will, after
consultation with the met forecaster, determine the maximum distance a solo aircraft may operate from
the ship.
As there will be no SAR Aircraft, the ship shall accept full SAR responsibility.
Persons on board the aircraft during ice reconnaissance flights shall be kept to a minimum so that in the
event of an emergency, either aircraft may recover the crew and passengers of the other in one flight.
After engine start and before takeoff, each pilot will establish communication with the ship and obtain a
position fix on the aircraft GPS. Operations normal checks shall be made every 15 minutes via the satellite
tracking system monitored by designated personnel, and shall incorporate a latitude and longitude
obtained from the aircraft’s GPS along with the aircraft’s heading in degrees true, altitude, and intentions.
When the purpose of the flight has been accomplished and the aircraft are about to return to he ship, the
ship’s GPS position shall be passed to the aircraft and shall be read back by the pilot. Safety
When the pilot is requested to land on sea ice, the following additional requirements apply:
§ The ice mass must be approximately 100 meters square to ensure stability and safe working areas
for survey for work parties clear of the helicopter.
§ Two aircraft must land in company upon the same ice mass. Both aircraft must be kept at the
ready for takeoff with rotors turning at flight RPM, collectives unlocked and pilots at the ready,
until the thickness of the floe has been established. This shall not be less than 60 centimeters, if
the aircraft is to be shut down.

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If the aircrafts engine is to be shut down on the sea ice, the pilot shall:
§ Advise the ship of the GPS position of the aircraft;
§ Schedule time for two-way radio contact with the ship, which shall be not more than one (1) hour;
§ Ensure the aircraft estimated time of departure (ETD) from that given position which shall not be
more than 2.5 hours;
§ Have a suitable forecast, which covers the expected duration of the proposed period on the sea-
ice; and
§ Ensure the site is not in excess of 15 NM from the ship.
Disembarking passengers shall be at least two (2) people with two-way radio communications to the
aircraft or ship and carrying rescue throw bag (supplied by the ship) sufficient to rescue any person who
may fall into the water without requiring assistance from the pilot.
The helicopters are not to leave the immediate vicinity of the persons on the sea ice unless:
§ The helicopters are returned to the ship; and
§ The ship is within three (3) NM.
People must have their own means of returning to the ship, without requiring the services of helicopters.
The Expedition Leader must agree. In this case, the two returned helicopters, with crews and rescue
equipment, must remain ready on the ship in the case immediate retrieval should become necessary.
7.9 Emergencies
Action must be take action as recommended in the Aircraft Flight Manual. If a forced landing becomes
necessary, the following procedures shall apply:
§ Inflate emergency floats.
§ Aim to land preferably on, or at least near, the most suitable available ice mass.
§ Avoid dark colored ice (thin ice).
§ Avoid areas of ice close to islands or grounded icebergs (tidal cracks), if possible.
7.9.1 Recovery of Persons from Downed Helicopter
In the event of having to recover people from the water following an unsuccessful water landing, the
following is the recommended sequence of events. It is based on each person wearing an immersion suit
and life jacket, and have an expected active period in the water of 40 to 60 minutes.
1) The operational aircraft is to make immediate contact with the ship advising their GPS position
and any relevant information that may assist in the rescue.
2) The ship is to deploy the rescue zodiac and standby crew.

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3) They are to remain visual with the downed aircraft and maintain communications with the ship
and the rescue zodiac.
If the distance between the ship and the downed aircraft is such that a timely rescue utilizing the zodiacs
would not be possible, then the ship’s Captain may require the remaining aircraft to offer assistance:
1) The operational aircraft would be positioned into wind and slightly downwind of survivors at 20 to
30 feet above the surface. The passenger or pilot could then open the pilot's door and deploy the
emergency-only wire rope ladder, ensuring it falls between the fuselage and the skid.
2) The aircraft would then be maneuvered down and forward so that the ladder would be in the
area of the survivors and its position could be monitored in the aircraft external mirror.
Passengers would be pre-briefed in the use of the rope ladder.
3) The survivors would then be lifted clear of the water, not more than 20 feet above the surface,
and hover-taxied to a suitable ice flow and lowered onto it. The wire rope ladder would then be
released from the aircraft before landing and the passengers loaded on board and transported
back to ship.
When the ship is sailing in pack ice, calm seas, and light winds, with the possibility of further ice
reconnaissance flights to be conducted, the aircraft to be used, subject to the Lead Pilot’s decision, may
be left partially or fully rigged for flight. Notwithstanding this, adequate security, safety and anti-corrosion
precautions are to be taken in respect of the aircraft.
The Lead Pilot is to maintain close with the Voyage Leader and the weather forecaster to ensure that a
minimum warning of four (4) hours is obtained, in respect of the following:
§ A bad weather warning, or
§ The ship leaving pack ice for the open sea.
In each case and before the ship enters the open sea, the aircraft are to be secured for open sea sailing
(e.g., lashed down securely on the HLA or in the hangar, storm covers fitted and blades removed, anti-
corrosion action taken). Lashing of aircraft aboard ship for rough water voyages shall be carried out using
the lashing materials and methods prescribed by the aircraft manufacturer. If insufficient tie-down lugs
are available, more lugs must be welded in place before departure. No open-ended hooks or bolts
without locking devices may be used in any part of the lashing system.
The PIC of a company aircraft conducting operations in Antarctica shall have carried out the safety
awareness training in accordance with the syllabus in Appendix 2 to this part of the manual and have the
following:

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§ A valid commercial pilot’s license;
§ A minimum of 1,500 hours in command of helicopters and 250 hours aeronautical experience or
as approved by the Chief Pilot; and
§ Endorsed, qualified, and current on the aircraft type.
Any PIC of a company aircraft conducting operations at Antarctica must also have a Certificate of
Competency (Appendix 3) completed by the Chief Pilot or by a Lead Antarctica Pilot as approved by the
Chief Pilot.

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8 Pilot Code of Conduct
This section presents the main findings.
8.1 Introduction
This Manual, along with all applicable regulatory materials, sets the standard of evaluation for pilot
operations. As such, it focuses mainly on flying. This section articulates broader guidance to help pilots
interpret and apply standards and regulations, confront the real world challenges that could lead to a
mishap, and interact with guests.
8.2 In This Section
7.9 Emergencies
8.3 General Responsibilities
Helicopter pilots should:
§ Make safety the highest priority;
§ Seek excellence in airmanship;
§ Develop and exercise good judgment and sound principles of aeronautical decision-making;
§ Use sound principles of risk management to recognize and manage risks effectively;
§ Maintain situational awareness, and adhere to prudent operating practices and personal
operating parameters (e.g., minimums);

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§ Aspire to professionalism;
§ Act with responsibility and courtesy; and
§ Adhere to applicable laws, regulations, and industry guidance.
8.3.1 Best Practices
Scenic pilots should, at all times, adhere to the following best practices.
A. Approach flying with seriousness and diligence, recognizing that your life and the lives of your
passengers and others depend on you.
B. Understand and comply with the privileges and limitations of certificates, licenses, and ratings,
and ensure any endorsements are correct and current.
C. Understand and remain within the safe area of the helicopter’s height-velocity curve whenever
practicable.
D. Fly both high and low reconnaissance even if familiar with the area, since obstacles could be
added without notice.
E. Check out-of-ground effect (OGE) performance, and when practicable perform an OGE
hover/power check before landing in uncertain or unverified terrain if authorized by applicable
RFM.
F. Recognize, accept, and plan for proper safety practices.
G. Recognize the increased risks associated with flying at low altitude; in inclement weather,
including reduced visibility environments; at night; in congested, urban, or confined areas; over
water; over rugged, mountainous, or forested terrain; and in slope, pinnacle, ridgeline, and other
off-airport operations. Consider the particular risks of single-engine operations.
H. Develop conservative personal operating parameters reflecting experience, proficiency, and
currency in challenging conditions, including in poor weather, in cold climates, and at night.
I. Be aware of personal susceptibility to—and seek to avoid or manage—distraction, fatigue, stress,
and hazardous attitudes.
J. Make personal wellness and an honest evaluation of mental and physical fitness a precondition of
each flight by using the I’M SAFE (Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, Emotion) checklist
(see Section 7.3.2).
K. Establish conservative personal parameters for the use of supplemental oxygen and an awareness
of your personal susceptibility to hypoxia. Consider use of a pulse oximeter. Use supplemental
oxygen on flights when required by rule, at night, or any time it may be beneficial.
L. Adhere to applicable rules and best operating practices in all countries and areas of flight.

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M. Fly only as low as the mission requires.
N. Always maintain an altitude that permits finding a safe area for landing during an emergency.
Identify options for emergency landing and escape routes during confined-area landings and
takeoffs.
O. Minimize operations below 500 feet AGL, except as required during takeoff and landing, to
minimize the threat of obstacles.
P. Recognize the risk of a wire hazard environment. Appreciate that wire strike accidents are
avoidable.
Q. Brief and maintain a sterile cockpit for taxi, takeoff, hovering, landing, and other critical phases of
flight.
R. Refuse to fly a helicopter that is not airworthy because of mechanical discrepancies, failure to
meet inspection requirements, or for any other reason.
S. Identify and adapt to changing flight conditions based on sound principles of airmanship and risk
management. Be prepared to alter your flight plan accordingly or abort your flight.
T. Remain aware of deteriorating weather and other circumstances that may make continued flight
unsafe. Land, divert, or continue under IFR, as appropriate.
U. Undertake hot refueling (refueling with engine(s) operating or rotor blades turning) only when
absolutely necessary, and per standard operating procedures (SOPs). SOPs should restrict hot
fueling to jet fuel, and require trained and qualified ground personnel, and a qualified pilot at the
controls.
8.3.2 The I’M SAFE Checklist
I Illness Do I have an illness or any symptoms of an illness?
M Medication Have I been taking prescription or over-the-counter drugs?
S Stress
Am I under psychological pressure from the job? Worried about financial matters,
health problems or family discord?
A Alcohol Have I been drinking within eight hours? Within 24 hours?
F Fatigue Am I tired and not adequately rested?
E Eating Am I adequately nourished?

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8.4 Passengers and People on the Surface
Pilots are responsible for the safety and comfort of their passengers. Passengers place their lives and trust
in pilots’ hands, and pilots should exercise due care on their behalf. Such care includes, but is not limited
to, disclosing risks and exercising prudent risk management. Pilot responsibility extends to people on the
ground and in other aircraft.
§ Maintain passenger safety first and then passenger comfort;
§ Manage and avoid unnecessary risk to passengers, to people, and property on the surface, as well
as to people in other aircraft;
§ Seek to prevent unsafe conduct by passengers; and
§ Avoid operations that may alarm, disturb, or endanger passengers or people on the surface.
Scenic pilots should, at all times, adhere to the following best practices.
A. Keep passengers safe, as though they were family members.
B. Act professionally towards passengers.
C. Address passenger concerns or anxieties regarding flight operations, and accept a prospective
passenger’s decision to refrain from participating.
D. Watch passengers closely on the helideck and help keep them clear of hazards.
E. Whenever practicable, stop rotors before boarding or deplaning passengers.
F. Require that passengers wear seat belts and shoulder harnesses.
G. Encourage passengers to serve as safety resources—for example, by having them identify towers,
wires, and other obstacles or nearby aircraft, organize charts, and keep track of landmarks.
H. Understand and comply with all insurance policy terms and limitations.
8.5 Training and Proficiency
Training and proficiency underlie aviation safety. Recurrent training is a primary component of proficiency
and must include both air and ground training. Each contributes significantly to flight safety and neither
can substitute for the other. To be most effective, training must meet or exceed legal requirements.

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§ Participate in regular training to maintain proficiency beyond minimum requirements;
§ Participate in flight safety education programs;
§ Train to recognize and deal effectively with emergencies; and
§ Maintain an accurate log to document training and currency.
8.5.1 Training Requirements
Initial Aircraft Flight and Ground Training will be conducted by Airbus Helicopters, Grand Prarie, TX
Complete the equivalent of a Flight Review annually completed by Airbus Helicopters, Grand Prarie, TX.
Train for survival, and carry adequate survival equipment, apparel, and drinking water.
8.6 Security
Security pertains to measures taken to protect aircraft or occupants from criminal or terrorist acts. It also
includes measures taken by pilots to avoid inadvertently becoming a real or perceived security threat.
Enhanced security awareness is essential to the safety and viability of the aviation community. Threats to
security demand effective responses.
Helicopter pilots should report suspicious behavior and other security concerns to the appropriate
authorities.
8.7 Environmental Issues
Environmental issues can hamper operations, increase regulatory burdens, and close airports and
helipads. Reducing pollution caused by aviation will reduce health problems, protect the environment,
and lessen unfavorable public perceptions.
§ Recognize and seek to mitigate the environmental impact of helicopter operations;
§ Minimize the discharge of fuel, oil, and other chemicals into the environment during refueling,
preflight preparations, servicing, and flight operations;
§ Respect and protect environmentally sensitive areas;
§ Comply with applicable noise-abatement procedures and mitigate aircraft noise near noise-
sensitive areas; and
§ Adhere to prudent hazardous materials handling procedures.

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Scenic pilots should, at all times, adhere to the following best practices
A. Adopt environmentally sound and legally compliant procedures for fuel sampling, defueling, and
disposing of fuel samples.
B. Learn and adopt environmentally responsible methods for all aspects of aircraft care, especially
degreasing, de-icing, aircraft washing, and handling run-off.
C. Adhere to applicable noise abatement procedures (manufacturer’s recommended; voluntary and
regulatory), provided safety is maintained.
D. If practicable, fly well above or avoid residential and other noise-sensitive areas (at least 2,000
AGL).
E. Consider the impact of helicopters on wildlife, and conform to recommended practices (such as
National Park Service minimum altitudes) when flying near wilderness and other environmentally
sensitive areas.
F. Be aware of helicopter noise signatures, and follow recommended procedures to reduce noise,
provided safety is maintained.

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HELICOPTER DEPARTURE CHECKLIST AND STANDING ORDERS
Revision #00 / May 2018
TASK DONE?
Lower flagstaff and remove flag.
Lower hoop rails on helicopter deck.
Secure or lower loose objects on helicopter deck and adjacent areas.
Clear guests from the landing area and direct them to observe from behind the glass enclosure.
Close and latch sliding glass panels forward of the landing area.
Perform radio check to advise bridge and engine room of ETA.
Open radio communications to aircraft and bridge. Advise the aircraft of wind conditions. Aircraft will
advise on vessel course and speed. If alterations are necessary, vessel will acknowledge to aircraft
when operations are complete

Activate fire pumps and confirm water pressure at fire stations on the helicopter deck.
Pre-check tie-down straps and wheel chocks and make them ready for use.
Complete deck log entry describing helicopter operations, including times.
The handler will confirm that the pre-landing checklist is complete.
The two (2) landing assistants will assist the guests into the aircraft and then go to the fire station.
The handler will check the door latches and confirm to the pilot that all doors are secured.
The handler will direct the assistants to remove any tie-down straps and wheel chocks.
The handler will check the surrounding air space for any interference and advise.
The handler will stand ready to signal the pilots for lift off.
The two (2) landing assistants will assist the guests into the aircraft and then go to the fire station.
The handler will check the door latches and confirm to the pilot that all doors are secured.
The handler will direct the assistants to remove any tie-down straps and wheel chocks.
The handler will check the surrounding air space for any interference and advise.
The handler will stand ready to signal the pilots for lift off.

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LANDING / HELICOPTER ARRIVAL COMPLETED?
(Handler) Confirm the Pre-landing Checklist is complete.
The (2) assistants will be stationed at the Port and Starboard Fire Stations.
The handler will give the appropriate hand signals to help guide the aircraft on deck.
After touch down, the handler will communicate with aircraft concerning the need for tie-downs
and wheel chocks. If required, the assistants will attach and secure (2) straps and/wheel chocks.
Once secured, the handler will signal the Pilot that the aircraft is secure.

The handler will advise the bridge when the aircraft is secure on deck
Once the signal is given by the handler, the assistants will open the doors on the aircraft and
direct guests forward to the access door, which will be opened by the handler or tender to by
other crewmember.

Once the aircraft is shut down, the handler will advise the engine room to deactivate the fire
pumps.

IMPORTANT!
When the checklists are completed, a remark should be made in the deck/engine logbook with checklist content number, time completed and
signed.

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HELICOPTER LANDING CHECKLIST AND STANDING ORDERS
Revision #00 / May 2018
The deck crew to consist of one (1) Leader (Handler) and (2) Assistants. Handler to carry a portable VHF radio
monitoring channel (63) to communicate with helicopter pilots. The bridge to stand by on VHF channel (63).
PRE-LANDING TASK DONE?
Lower flagstaff and remove flag.
Lower hoop rails on helicopter deck.
Secure or lower loose objects on helicopter deck and adjacent areas.
Clear guests from the landing area and direct them to observe from behind the glass enclosure.
Close and latch sliding glass panels forward of the landing area.
Perform radio check to advise bridge and engine room of ETA.
Open radio communications to aircraft and bridge. Advise the aircraft of wind conditions. Aircraft
will advise on vessel course and speed. If alterations are necessary, vessel will acknowledge to
aircraft when operations are complete

Activate fire pumps and confirm water pressure at fire stations on the helicopter deck.
Pre-check tie-down straps and wheel chocks and make them ready for use.
Complete deck log entry describing helicopter operations, including times.

Standard Operating Procedures Manual

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Standard Operating Procedures Manual